• MESO: Nws Weather Prediction Center College Park Md

    From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Nov 23 23:55:23 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 232355
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-240552-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1242
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    653 PM EST Sun Nov 23 2025

    Areas affected...Edwards Plateau/Concho Valley in TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 232352Z - 240552Z

    Summary...A band of thunderstorms is trying to consolidate and is
    expected to continue to slowly lengthen with time. Hourly rain
    amounts to 2" with local totals to 4" are possible through 06z.

    Discussion...A broken band of thunderstorms stretches from near
    Fort Stockton northeast towards Big Spring TX within the tail end
    of the warm conveyor belt of a deep layer low centered in the
    vicinity of southeast CO. Precipitable water values are up to
    0.9-1.2" per recent GPS data. MU/ML CAPE of 1500-2000 J/kg exists
    in the vicinity of the band's tail, with the 6C 700 hPa isotherm
    appearing to act as its southern limit. Effective bulk shear is
    significant, 50-70 kts, which has led to mesocyclone formation.=20
    Right-moving cells appear to be causing some eastward shift with
    time. Occasional backbuilding to near/slightly south of I-10 has
    been noted at times.

    RAP guidance shows an uptick in moisture and low-level inflow from
    the Gulf and existing convection over the next several hours,
    which should act to solidify and lengthen the band somewhat, aid
    precipitation efficiency, and causing the polar warm front to slow
    its northeast advance from the Pecos River valley. Mesocyclones
    along the existing, solidifying band are expected to cause cell
    training as they hold up portions of the convective band to the
    east-northeast, which could lead to hourly amounts to 2" and local
    totals to 4" as cells move just right of the mean 850-400 hPa flow
    in a general east-northeast direction. The combination of a
    broadening cold pool and slowly veering 850 hPa flow associated
    with an impinging front/pseudo dryline leads to increased forward
    progression of the band to the east to east-southeast. Portions
    of this region saw heavy rainfall Wednesday and Thursday, which
    has lowered 3 hourly flash flood guidance values to 2-3", which
    should be achievable in isolated to widely scattered spots. The
    12z REFS and 18z HREF were advised for the area outlined. Flash
    flooding is considered possible through 06z/midnight CST.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_zyP1sIM09MCIGlmT6X-1_ya4hUXy4M0OqKMFtaUfk4iqjVZGnYfxlcUIV9mjo_rBgr8= 7uVzWLSO13ttNTijlx2EvK4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...MAF...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32390111 32270029 31450004 30250073 30050201=20
    30210274 30770303 31560210=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Nov 24 05:52:55 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 240552
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-241015-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1243
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1251 AM EST Mon Nov 24 2025

    Areas affected...lower Pecos Valley into north-central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 240550Z - 241015Z

    Summary...An axis of SW to NE thunderstorms is expected to train,
    likely resulting in areas of flash flooding from the lower Pecos
    Valley into portions of north-central TX through 10Z. Hourly
    rainfall of 1-2 inches should be common, but isolated hourly
    totals in excess of 2 inches cannot be ruled out.

    Discussion...Regional radar imagery at 0530Z across TX showed the
    recent development of thunderstorms across the lower Pecos River
    Valley from SW to NE, crossing I-10 a couple of miles west of
    where US-190 meets I-10. Additional thunderstorms extended
    northeastward across I-20 between Abilene and Ranger. MLCAPE was
    500 to 1500+ J/kg via 05Z SPC mesoanalysis data though most of the
    region was capped. The eastward motion of a mid to upper level
    closed low/trough to the west has allowed sufficient lift to
    overcome a capping inversion noted on the 00Z DRT sounding,
    although the capping inversion is likely weaker to the north of
    DRT. The storms were located out ahead of a weak Pacific cold
    front analyzed over western TX at 05Z, along an axis of
    convergence represented the leading edge of low level moisture
    transport marked by 30-40 kt of flow per area VAD wind data in the
    925-850 mb layer. Some right-entrance region ascent is also likely
    present south of a 100 kt jet max located on the eastern side of
    the closed low/trough.

    Lift ahead of the eastward moving closed low/trough will continue
    to support the expansion of numerous thunderstorms over portions
    of west-central to north-central TX through 09Z. Thunderstorm
    alignment is expected from SW to NE, along the similarly oriented
    low level convergence axis, with mean steering flow paralleling
    the axis of convergence, supportive of training. Slow overall
    movement is especially likely where the leading edge of low level
    transport meets the approaching zone of lift from the west, closer
    to the Rio Grande, where eastward movement of the axis of forcing
    is expected to be slowest. However, coverage of thunderstorms with
    southward extent is a bit uncertain. The environment supports
    hourly rainfall of 1-2 inches but isolated hourly totals over 2
    inches should be attainable where thunderstorm axes are slower to
    translate east. Areas of flash flooding are likely to result,
    although coverage may be somewhat limited across the MPD threat
    area through 10Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!--J0Cgwx68s_3fUkCaer5oFLIJNr1rjgaRVVx80_87jephrSQ-YTTO7MFCqPzFly5cC0= qx9_h9ZLW7rl1Rkm4ORZB5U$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...MAF...OUN...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33599849 33179739 32419736 31389870 30340081=20
    30000244 30570297 31730151=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Nov 24 10:14:31 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 241014
    FFGMPD
    ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-241515-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1244
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    513 AM EST Mon Nov 24 2025

    Areas affected...central TX into southeastern OK/southwestern AR

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 241012Z - 241515Z

    Summary...Flash flooding is likely to continue for portions of
    central TX into southeastern OK/southwestern AR, at least on a
    localized basis, through the morning commute (through 15Z/9 AM
    CST). Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2+ inches will remain likely within
    areas of training and at least isolated/urban flash flooding will
    be likely in a couple of areas.

    Discussion...Radar imagery from 10Z showed a SW to NE axis of
    heavy rain that extended from near San Angelo to Graham,
    containing MRMS-derived hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches and has
    had a history of observed 15 minute rates between 0.5 and 1.0
    inches. The axis of thunderstorms was located along the leading
    edge of 30-40 kt of southerly 925-850 mb winds, which veered and
    weakened to the west, forming a SW to NE axis of convergence that
    has largely coincided with the line of thunderstorms over central
    to northern TX since 06Z. With the exception of the far southern
    edge of the line, the thunderstorms were mostly elevated above a
    stable layer north of a warm front that draped NW to SE across
    central TX to the Upper TX Coast. The environment contained ML/MU
    CAPE values of 500-1500 J/kg and precipitable water values of 1.3
    to 1.5 inches per 09Z SPC mesoanalysis data and these values are
    expected to continue to be in place as the system translates east
    to northeast.

    Short term forecasts from the RAP show the low level convergence
    axis translating eastward through 15Z, oriented parallel to
    southwesterly mean steering flow, which will continue to support
    areas of training over the next 3-5 hours. North of the Red River,
    instability is expected to be weaker (<1000 J/kg) which may limit
    rainfall intensities, but lift will be augmented by the
    right-entrance region of a 90-110 kt upper level jet max located
    on the eastern side of a upper level closed low/trough to the
    west.

    Therefore, while not everyone will see 1 to 2 inches of rain in an
    hour, SW to NE axes of heavy rain will continue to impact portions
    of central TX into southeastern OK/southwestern AR through 9 A.M.
    local time, which will could impact the morning rush, especially
    if overlap of high rain rates occurs with urban locations, such as
    the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex within the next 1 to 3 hours.
    Additional rainfall for many should be 1 to 2 inches but peak
    values through 15Z of 2 to 3 inches will likely occur.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4ZFTNzgVNwIfsPso7FHQYtRooV-OEmC5q63V7fbKprZpyFzny24Osy-GunOLEUcodKte= o_H4CPuu11FoxTF_I1Qa12E$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...LZK...OUN...SHV...SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35019440 34799388 34309345 33309398 32169588=20
    31299741 30899864 30829950 31350015 32169926=20
    33519754 34869529=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Nov 24 16:10:33 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 241610
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-242208-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1245
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1109 AM EST Mon Nov 24 2025

    Areas affected...portions of northeast Texas, northwestern
    Louisiana

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 241608Z - 242208Z

    Summary...Areas of training/repeating thunderstorms should result
    in local 2-4 inch rainfall totals through 22Z/4p Central. Flash
    flooding is possible - especially where these heavy rainfall
    totals can occur in sensitive and/or urban areas.

    Discussion...A complex convective scenario is ongoing across
    portions of Texas and Louisiana this morning. A mature linear
    segment (extending from near Hot Springs, AR south-southwestward
    to near Longview, TX) was forward propagating eastward while
    producing areas of 0.5-1.0 inch/hr rain rates. An outflow
    boundary from this activity extends westward from Longview to near
    Waco, where another well-organized linear complex was moving
    eastward and also producing 0.5-1.5 inch/hr rain rates.

    Flash flood potential will reside between these two linear
    complexes over the next 4-6 hours. The east-west oriented outflow
    will interact favorably with enhanced low-level flow (30+ kt at
    850 oriented perpendicular to the boundary), resulting in
    repeating rounds of rainfall. Furthermore, heating along and
    south of a synoptic warm front across east Texas (from near Waco
    to near Lake Charles) will also aid in destabilizing to support
    strengthening convection throughout the discussion area. The
    overall scenario supports areas of 2-4 inch rainfall totals.

    Fortunately, hourly FFG thresholds across most of the discussion
    area are in the 3+ inch range where the heaviest rainfall is
    expected. These thresholds may not be exceeded on a widespread
    basis - although this depends somewhat on specific convective
    evolution also. Isolated to scattered instances of flash flooding
    are expected - particularly where the greatest rainfall can occur
    over low-lying and/or urban areas.=20=20

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9fUSUFL2ROiQxVrsYtVsEBgqdyxDf-bIOIvk-ma4iocAmW5lq1cRQobaTs_JYoM_o2p3= fcRDhqLMp_0tY5wFKqjPZb4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...HGX...LCH...LZK...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33439408 33429237 32409221 31929238 31359297=20
    31079432 30539631 30799728 31949726 32589596=20
    32979514=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Nov 24 16:50:02 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 241649
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-242048-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1246
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1149 AM EST Mon Nov 24 2025

    Areas affected...portions of southeastern Texas, including Houston
    Metropolitan

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 241648Z - 242048Z

    Summary...A cluster of thunderstorms has developed just west of
    Houston Metropolitan. Areas of 1 inch/hr rates have been
    estimated. These rates should spread/develop east-northeastward
    over the next 2-4 hours, possibly prompting excessive runoff
    especially in urban areas.

    Discussion...Scattered thunderstorms have developed along a
    pre-frontal confluence axis located west of Houston Metro over the
    past 1-2 hours. These cells are exhibiting rapid intensification
    as evidenced by robust lightning concentrations and cooling cloud
    tops via satellite. The storms are in an environment
    characterized by 3500 J/kg SBCAPE and 1.6 inch PW values, both
    supporting locally heavy rain. Furthermore, the cells are in a
    very weakly capped environment with subtle ascent aloft passing
    over the area from weak mid-level waves ahead of a larger-scale
    mid/upper trough over the Texas Panhandle. Each of these features
    along with strong vertical wind shear are supportive of convective
    longevity and modest increases in convective coverage over the
    next 2-4 hours.

    Rain rates of 1-1.5 inch/hr were estimated in a couple spots
    beneath the convection recently. Additional convective
    development and training should result in more areas of 1.5
    inch/hr rain rates over time, with some of this activity reaching
    perhaps northern sides of Houston Metro. Additionally, the
    presence of a warm front over the area may encourage instances of
    right-moving cells -and- mergers, further enhancing local flash
    flood potential. Direct impacts to Houston Metro are still in
    question currently, but cannot be ruled out as storms continue to
    mature. At least isolated instances of flash flooding are
    possible in this regime.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5x69WgDP4V7GXF8YIMVSa-qvfy3sErd_9r8Jumve8fsd8Pa8UfZ2q8vJhSAFDJ5I4IVu= rmSVFnLOGYYCFaicFHyltqc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...FWD...HGX...LCH...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31379478 31199388 30469384 29729427 29079610=20
    28759708 30029731 30839687 31179619=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Nov 24 22:00:10 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 242200
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-250358-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1247
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    459 PM EST Mon Nov 24 2025

    Areas affected...east-central/northeast Texas, western Louisiana,
    and southern Arkansas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 242158Z - 250358Z

    Summary...Areas of training thunderstorm continue to support 1-2.5
    inch/hr rainfall rates at times. These rain rates should support
    at least isolated instances of flash flooding through the evening.

    Discussion...Flash flood potential continues across the discussion
    area. This afternoon, several areas of scattered thunderstorms
    (organized into clusters and small linear segments) have migrated
    west to east across the discussion area. Over the past hour, and
    uptick in convective intensity has been noted across central Texas
    along and east of the I-45 corridor. An impressive 2.53 inch/hr
    rain rates was measured at Athens, TX during that time. Cells are
    being influenced by 1) a stout mid-level shortwave trough via
    water vapor that was advancing toward the region from west-central
    Texas and 2) confluent low-level flow, which was maintaining 1.7
    inch PW and 1000+ J/kg MUCAPE across the discussion area. THe
    storms were not congealed into a forward-propagating linear
    segment, with localized axes of training continuing to support
    heavier rainfall. FFG thresholds continue to range in the 2-3.5
    inch/hr range, suggesting that the bulk of the flash flood threat
    will likely remain tied to urban and/or sensitive areas in the
    short term.

    Over time, ongoing convective activity will shift eastward through
    the TX/LA border region (including Shreveport Metro), with spots
    of 1-3 inch/hr rain rates continuing. A cold front was making
    slow progress to the east across central Texas, reducing stability
    and ending the convective/flash flood threat from the west. This
    front will translate eastward, reaching the TX/LA border area near
    Shreveport in the 04-05Z timeframe. Flash flooding will be a
    distinct possibility through at least that timeframe.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6A_9Czlk4N8uJvMpEAy71KjENzSoGcbjTJuBlDeDK8nVn3CE6d2LzSn7W1JziWcAQYhd= dXd7ZpUi4kcGG5M4tApX0Mc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...HGX...JAN...LCH...LZK...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33739364 33529223 32669183 31189212 30469375=20
    30079619 30789702 32479634 33559493=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Nov 25 03:59:43 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 250359
    FFGMPD
    TNZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-250810-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1248
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1058 PM EST Mon Nov 24 2025

    Areas affected...northern LA into southeastern AR and
    central/northern MS

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 250356Z - 250810Z

    Summary...Areas of flash flooding will remain possible from
    northern LA into southeastern AR and central/northern MS over the
    next few hours. Peak hourly rainfall values of 1 to 3 inches are
    expected within axes of training.

    Discussion...A broken squall line was observed through radar
    imagery at 0330Z from southeastern AR into northern/western LA and
    far eastern TX. This feature was located out ahead of an
    approaching shortwave and embedded vorticity max which extended
    from northeastern TX into southeastern OK, moving toward the ENE.
    Low level convergence, ahead of the associated surface cold front
    and along/north of the system's warm front, was helping to focus
    the SW to NE oriented axis of thunderstorms which has had a
    history of training and 1 to 3 inches of rain per hour since at
    least 01Z. The lower MS Valley also resided beneath the diffluent
    right entrance region of a 100 to 120+ kt jet max centered over
    the central MO/IL border which was aiding lift within the moist
    (1.5-1.7 inch PWs) and unstable (500-1500 J/kg MUCAPE) environment.

    As the shortwave and embedded vorticity max continue to advance
    downstream toward the ENE, The axis of thunderstorms will follow
    suit, with areas of embedded training within the SW to NE oriented
    mean steering flow. The environment will continue to support peak
    hourly rainfall of 1 to 3 inches at times, which is below FFG
    values for southern portions of this MPD, but at or above it for
    AR into northern MS. Therefore, the flash flood threat is
    considered possible and should be mainly confined to urban or
    otherwise sensitive locations where 2 to 4 inches of rain could
    fall in 3 hours or less time.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4a9nv8X4pl-iuXsYRf0vA3pX-uVyblhhJWRgGkOtkPsGQx8P7kA7L5qxKGPRBbJpJ4V2= q0MyJho1Nw54PYvtCxe_CGI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HUN...JAN...LCH...LZK...MEG...OHX...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35088927 35088829 34968780 34368761 33768814=20
    33018901 32329007 31849104 31289216 30859377=20
    31139431 31709418 32009364 32549301 33409201=20
    34709039=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Nov 25 08:25:16 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 250825
    FFGMPD
    GAZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-251400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1249
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    324 AM EST Tue Nov 25 2025

    Areas affected...northern LA/MS border into central MS/northern AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 250823Z - 251400Z

    Summary...While the overall flash flood coverage looks to decrease
    later this morning across MS and AL, concerns remain for localized
    2 to 3+ inch totals from hourly rainfall of 1 to 2+ inches. A
    threat of flash flooding will linger through 14Z.

    Discussion...08Z radar imagery showed an axis of strong
    thunderstorms extending from western LA near DRI, northeastward
    into central/northern MS. The most powerful section of this axis
    was in western MS, between TVR and JAN, where some of the
    strongest low level winds were observed with near 50 kt at 850 mb
    from the south. A low level confluence axis from western LA into
    northern MS remained a focus for thunderstorms, out ahead of a
    potent vorticity max located over AR and within the
    diffluent/divergent right-entrance region of an associated upper
    level jet max which extended across the MS Valley into the Midwest.

    Cloud tops on infrared satellite imagery have shown trends toward
    warming overall over the past 2-3 hours, but bursts of colder
    cloud tops remained, such as what was occurring over western MS at
    08Z. A reservoir of 500-1500 J/kg MLCAPE remained from central MS
    into central/southern LA with up to ~1000 J/kg MUCAPE northward
    into western TN. Short term forecasts from the RAP show that as
    the vorticity max over AR continues to translate toward the ENE,
    925-850 mb winds will veer over southern MS/AL which will have the
    effect of weakening the existing axis of confluence across the
    region through 12Z. However, remnant low level
    convergence/confluence coincident with strong upper level ascent
    will continue a threat for heavy rain and periods of training. The
    environment will still be capable of localized rainfall rates over
    2 in/hr but 1 to 2 inches in an hour will be more common.
    Therefore, through 14Z, a localized flash flood threat will remain
    from the LA/MS border into central MS and central to northern AL
    where 2 to 3+ inches of rain could fall in a 2 to 3 hour window,
    with the greatest concern for flash flooding across urban or
    otherwise sensitive/low-lying areas.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-jACpZSiCr5zOCEqvi3Hw1pmfCDcwp6u1VTDCrhLJLJpXYVKShjKP0joJgzuyv8YHhtI= qpK0qVxJeQoKvKualHte1yI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...HUN...JAN...LCH...LIX...MEG...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34998668 34728550 33428524 32468689 31268959=20
    30999128 31309200 31769195 32099144 32569074=20
    33528925 34128831=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Nov 25 15:10:48 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 251510
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-251909-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1250
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1010 AM EST Tue Nov 25 2025

    Areas affected...west-central into central Alabama

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 251509Z - 251909Z

    Summary: The best chance of isolated flash flood potential exists
    across west-central into central Alabama over the next couple
    hours.

    Discussion...A complicated surface/low-level pattern exists across
    the discussion area currently. A remnant outflow boundary from
    earlier convection now over Georgia resides along an axis from
    just south of Tuscaloosa eastward to the AL/GA border just north
    of Auburn. This boundary was oriented perpendicular to strong
    southerly 850mb flow (around 40-45 knots), providing ascent for
    sustained, deep convective updrafts. Subtle mid-level waves
    across Louisiana/Mississippi were also providing ascent for
    updrafts. Convection has tended to focus along and just north of
    the aforementioned outflow, and with 1.4 inch PW values, moderate
    surface-based buoyancy south of the outflow, and deep layer flow
    generally parallel to the initiating outflow boundary, some
    opportunity exists for training of cells this morning from near
    Tuscaloosa into the southern sections of Birmingham Metro this
    morning. Some of this rainfall was occurring in areas that have
    already experienced 2-3 inches of rainfall over the past 6 hours,
    and with wet ground conditions and urban interfaces across the
    discussion area, potential exists for excessive runoff issues in
    the short term.

    Fast southerly low-level flow should allow for at least modest
    northward retreat of the outflow boundary along with a northward
    shift in the primary axis of training convection, though the
    northward retreat may not be as rapid as recent mesoanalyses
    indicate. Meanwhile, additional upstream convection over central
    Mississippi should gradually mature while moving toward the Tuscaloosa-to-Birmingham corridor this morning. This corridor
    could see a locally enhanced threat of isolated flash flooding
    over the next 2-4 hours or so (through 19Z/1p central).

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6oo1BSolf7M2qBcRNsBLpY_s_IwsR3N0WjlYfTIZJDSjo1V43q768zdRjEmPkHSL37-S= nj5LWzZgDLCEWCWE-B8J0X0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HUN...JAN...MEG...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34228682 33838585 33108582 32558693 32388875=20
    32808939 33598868 33928817=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Nov 26 04:17:58 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 260417
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-260920-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1251
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1117 PM EST Tue Nov 25 2025

    Areas affected...South Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 260415Z - 260920Z

    Summary...A localized flash flood risk will exist across portions
    of southern TX through at least 09Z. Slow moving and/or
    backbuilding of thunderstorms could result in isolated totals in
    excess of 3-5 inches, though some uncertainty in placement and
    timing remain.

    Discussion...04Z radar and infrared satellite imagery showed a
    lone thunderstorm over southern Webb County, about 15 miles east
    of the Rio Grande with a slow northward drift. Radar and satellite
    imagery also showed recent attempts at development over Live Oak
    County and portions of northern Mexico though low level CIN may be
    hindering further development. MRMS-derived hourly rainfall was
    over 2 inches with the cell although the likely presence of large
    hail may be over-inflating those values and no ground truth was
    available to confirm actual rain rates. The cell was located near
    a quasi-stationary front which has drifted north and west over the
    past couple of hours due to a weak low level easterly surge off of
    the warm Gulf waters with surface dewpoints in the lower 70s from
    CRP to BKS and southward to the Rio Grande. Low level convergence
    and lift augmented by a subtle shortwave impulse tracking east
    from north-central Mexico as seen in 6.2 micron imagery seem to be
    triggers for the storm(s).

    00Z soundings from CRP and BRO showed 1.3 to 1.6 inch PW values
    along with 1500-2000 J/kg MLCAPE, with this airmass likely in
    place near the cell over Webb County. The environment was
    supportive of a mixture of storm modes with sufficient shear for
    organized cells and straight-line hodographs which could support
    splitting storms. Bunkers right motion was toward the SSE near 20
    kt, Bunkers left from the SSW near 15 kt and deeper layer mean
    winds from the west between 5 and 20 kt.

    While recent hires model guidance shows a decent signal for
    localized heavy rain in the vicinity of southern TX, there is poor
    agreement in placement and timing. Current thinking is for the
    existing cell over Webb County to maintain for at least another
    1-2 hours with a continued drift toward the north or west with
    localized heavy rain. The future beyond that time is unclear as
    better low level confluence shifts westward into Mexico but
    additional convective development appears possible near the
    frontal boundary and south TX coast later in the night. Additional
    potential for high rates in excess of 2 in/hr and spotty totals in
    excess of 3 to 5 inches will remain possible.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-otaUnJHL9uHMhHKbJWde9LUbFGUwUeanvAO9Vad5_uIr0z-QeNKrL-6eTtn8HcWvIKY= zxOkhDsM0PZ1MCtcwAVzSW4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BRO...CRP...EWX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 28739716 28419661 27979657 27069704 25679698=20
    25829839 26089916 26689958 27359974 27970016=20
    28239969 28689774=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Nov 26 09:07:30 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 260907
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-261400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1252
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    406 AM EST Wed Nov 26 2025

    Areas affected...South TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 260905Z - 261400Z

    Summary...A fairly localized flash flood threat will continue over
    portions of southern TX through sunrise. Slow moving thunderstorms
    will be capable of hourly rainfall in excess of 2 to 3 inches in
    an hour with potential for additional totals of 3 to 5+ inches.

    Discussion...Area radar imagery over southern TX at 0840Z showed a
    slow moving thunderstorm in the vicinity of Hebronville along with
    the recent (since 07Z) expansion of a broken line of thunderstorms
    extending west from Rockport. The line of storms to north of
    Hebronville appears to be elevated just above the surface given
    increasing northerly winds at the surface and lowering dewpoints
    just north of these storms, associated with a cold front which
    extended through the western Gulf into the lower Rio Grande
    Valley. While ground truth of observed rainfall at the surface has
    been limited, the ASOS from KHBV showed 0.88 inches of rain in 8
    minutes ending 0735Z. This is an example of what the environment
    over south TX can produce, represented by MLCAPE of 1000-2000 J/kg
    and precipitable water values near 1.5 inches (per 08Z SPC
    mesoanalysis data).

    The slow moving cold front will begin to move toward the south at
    a more rapid pace by 12Z and beyond, due to a strong ridge of high
    pressure to the north building in and a secondary cold front
    currently moving steadily through central TX. Until then however,
    the potential for slow moving thunderstorms will continue given a
    mixture of cell types and cell motions, some of which could be
    less than 10 kt toward the east. There is also some potential for
    cells to develop/stall near the coast as a corridor of relatively
    stronger low level flow near the front (15-20 kt 925-850 mb layer)
    acts to focus cells along a coastal convergence axis forced by the
    warmer Gulf waters relative to inland locations.

    While the potential for flash flooding looks to be isolated, the
    potential for high rain rates and localized totals in excess of
    3-5 inches will maintain concerns for rapid inundation of water
    until ~14Z, at which point, the cold front is forecast to be
    moving through Brownsville.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9MR70JC_4x4-U6ClozgFChiBGGoHQgRXY5C8hXC0VU8raHtYF-yjLC3JdDUp3Flb2bBw= quZZ_nlZZT1G0h3xDIRz-kE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BRO...CRP...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 28419728 28369661 27979657 27069704 25679698=20
    25829839 26089916 26689958 27129972 27759937=20
    28169865=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Nov 26 14:15:35 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 261415
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-261710-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1253
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    914 AM EST Wed Nov 26 2025

    Areas affected...south Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 261410Z - 261710Z

    Summary...Isolated flash flood potential will continue for another
    2-3 hours across south Texas.

    Discussion...Flash flood potential continues. Recent
    satellite/objective analyses depict a weak mid-level shortwave
    trough moving over south Texas, continuing to initiate and
    maintain deep moist convection along a synoptic frontal zone over
    the area (extending from Rio Grande City east to Padre Island and
    Gulf of American waters). 1.5+ inch PW values and 2000 J/kg
    SBCAPE continues to support efficient rainfall processes with
    storms. Meanwhile, kinematics (with weak flow below 500mb)
    continue to support slow cell movement and spots of 2-3 inch/hr
    rain rates. While there's still an appreciable chance for these
    rates to materialize along more populated/urbanized areas near the
    Rio Grande (i.e., Brownsville, Harlingen, etc.) and prompt flash
    flooding, overall convective trends suggest that eventual
    low-level stabilization (due to overturning and cooler air
    filtering into the region from the north) should result in flash
    flood potential decreasing especially after 16-17Z.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7niCFkluyJDIbuSuPYqL7SSm2hwkFMDS5usNSZMTspejBrOI4OseGZJF2Xlq8tLfJV8H= 26GLvedeOdEYdPP1KfKG9Ao$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BRO...CRP...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 27419817 26809699 25819722 26319917 26819957=20
    27299962=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Nov 29 21:53:25 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 292153
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-300351-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1254
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    452 PM EST Sat Nov 29 2025

    Areas affected...Southeast Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 292151Z - 300351Z

    Summary...Thunderstorms near Houston TX are expected to grow
    upscale and potentially backbuild/train with time. Hourly amounts
    to 2.5" with local totals to 5" could lead to widely scattered
    instances of flash flooding.

    Discussion...Satellite and radar imagery indicate the formation of
    showers and thunderstorms near and east of a baroclinic zone
    oriented northwest-southeast across Southeast TX within a region
    of 850 hPa confluence near I-10. ML/MU CAPE to the west and
    southwest is 1000-2000 J/kg. Effective bulk shear is near 40 kts,
    which has led to right movers near IAH itself. The atmosphere is
    saturated, considering precipitable water values (1.25-1.5" per
    GPS data) within a region of 5630 meter 1000-500 hPa thickness
    values. Hourly rain amounts of are up to 0.5-1" in the past hour
    near Stagecoach TX, as of the time of this discussion's writing.

    The 18z HREF moreso than the 12z REFS indicates the continued
    building of thunderstorms in this area, with some further increase
    in convective coverage, which may show backbuilding, training
    character with time. Instability could erode/retreat westward
    with time depending upon the degree of convective coverage,
    essentially stalling the front west of Houston. Cell mergers are
    also possible as less organized convection moves more northeast
    while more organized convection moves more to the east. Given the
    parameters, hourly amounts to 2.5" with local amounts to 5" are
    possible over the next several hours, with the magnitude most in
    line with the 12z ARW and 20z HRRR guidance. There is a chance
    late in the MPD period of convection trying to form across
    northeast TX presently near and ahead of an advancing cold front
    approaching the southeast TX convective area, which could lead to
    more cell mergers at or beyond 04z. Since the 12z ARW and 18z
    HREF are closer to the convective evolution thus far, used their
    guidance for the defined MPD area. Widely scattered instances of
    flash flooding are considered possible, particularly in the
    Houston metropolitan area.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-Vhatwq8jLS3mZorPAMnYdTnKTx4EfsxLABG-GVOUpKylJtFpPdI52knRINntAjzbM-p= HzQOyXL5ZWPQujCk3_4mvYw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30579626 30439491 29959459 29489490 29339650=20
    29869717=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Nov 30 03:57:29 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 300357
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-TXZ000-301000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1255
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1056 PM EST Sat Nov 29 2025

    Areas affected...Central and Upper Texas Coastal Plain...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 300400Z - 301000Z

    SUMMARY...Slow moving, pre-frontal cells with rates of 2"/hr
    eventually merge with south-southeastward pressing cold front
    convection resulting in localized 2-4" totals in 1-3 hours.=20
    Isolated flash flooding remains possible, especially near urban
    centers.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E 3.9um SWIR highlights a few low level
    boundaries that will remain the focus of scattered thunderstorm
    activity through the overnight period. The main being the surging
    cold front being reinforced by favorable upper-level orientations
    to support steepening of theta-E gradient while increasing
    northerly surface wind flow to over 20-25kts nearly counter to the
    weaker but solid onshore flow. Currently active convection along
    the leading edge of the front is slow moving from Burleson to Polk
    county as the winds are not fully intersecting with the line, but
    will likely be propagating southward in the next hour or so. The
    other boundary is the return moisture plume off the western Gulf
    (which arches similar to the Lower TX Gulf coast before angling
    east- northeast just south of the aforementioned convection). Tds
    in the upper 60s to near 70 can be traced best in CIRA LPW sfc-850
    and 850-700mb layers covering much of the MPD area of concern
    across the Central and Upper Texas Coastal Plain.

    Onshore flow is also increasing to 15-20kts resulting in
    frictional convergence near coast. Conditionally unstable airmass
    with MLCAPEs of 1000-1250 J/kg remain weakly capped but there are
    some signs in satellite imagery of some weak cu field near
    Victoria, TX as well as an isolated weakening supercells
    northeast of Galveston Bay. The merging of the boundaries is also
    allowing a westward expansion of new development upstream into
    Bastrop/Caldwell county vicinity.=20

    Total deep moisture of 1.5" as noted in the CIRA LPW is loaded
    below 700mb, but there is solid deep saturation. These isolated
    cells driven by frictional convergence will be slow moving and
    eventually capable of 1-2"/hr rates. Spotty 2-3" totals will
    occur in 1-2hrs, but as they mature and expand the slower moving
    cells along the cold front will have started increased forward
    speed and with very high low level moisture flux convergence will
    have the capability of 1-1.25"/15min rainfall totals as they
    intersect/merge with the cells across the Plain.

    00z HREF probabilities continue to suggest 3"/3hr totals in the
    20-30% range (3"/6hr over 50%) which is fairly impressive given
    the strength of the updraft due to instability is fairly limited.=20
    While the overall coverage will continue to be limited, spots of
    3-4" totals are probable through 09z. This places sufficient
    overlap of FFG exceedance (as 1hr FFG is 2.5-3" and 3hr is 3-4")
    for possible localized incident or two of flash/rapid inundation
    flooding. This only further increases with intersection with
    urban centers, such as Victoria, Houston and Beaumont.=20=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6eBqZJFeXYwfdfjOanroH9GQeQtbydrQfNUR442JL4eOoRDBCnP5-W_eKdR2izXE3AJE= Wxq3reM5uV59a3QArZIE_ho$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...HGX...LCH...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30999472 30719393 30099362 29749380 29519420=20
    29359466 28499607 27779725 27969777 28499795=20
    29529752 29879714 30199681 30729602=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Dec 2 00:36:34 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 020035
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-020634-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1256
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    734 PM EST Mon Dec 01 2025

    Areas affected...portions of the central Gulf Coast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 020034Z - 020634Z

    Summary...A combination of cell training and backbuilding should
    continue to lead to hourly rain amounts to 1.75" with local totals
    to 4", which could cause flash flooding in urban areas.

    Discussion...Instability across portions of the central Gulf Coast
    continues to rise ahead of a negatively-tilted shortwave across
    OK. Precipitable water values are ~1.6" per GPS data and MU CAPE
    values of 500+ J/kg lie across the southeast tip of LA and
    continue shifting north towards the MS/AL barrier islands. Radar
    estimates from LIX/Hammond LA indicate that hourly amounts peaked
    near 1.75" not far from the eastern suburbs of New Orleans
    recently, with local totals above 2.5" so far. Occasional hourly
    rain amounts to 1.5" have been seen in backbuilding convection in
    southernmost AL. Effective bulk shear of 25-45 kts lurks across
    the area which is helping to form a band within an area of 850 hPa
    confluence.

    The band is showing some signs of shifting northward across
    southern AL and slightly eastward in southeast LA. Additional
    activity south of the LA/MS coasts within a convergence zone which
    extends from northwest Cuba towards the central Gulf Coast could
    advect northward towards portions of this area in the next several
    hours and cause additional issues. The guidance has not been
    ideal in this region thus far -- too far north and too light --
    though the 18z hi-res NAM appears to have the best idea, so used
    it as a starting point for the MPD bounds, making some adjustments
    based on radar reflectivity trends. The region has been dry, so
    flash flood guidance values are high. Hourly amounts to 1.75" and
    local totals to 4" appear possible where cells train and/or
    backbuild, which would be most problematic in urban areas.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6SdogcIUxTtroqQTUwxSALeN9Fo_uMvC5I4pW6eAAjX9DWw67VnyMfB31nkTA5_xaSPt= yY_XxORQJb-wb9BRCh179PU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...LIX...MOB...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31928616 31298582 30558670 30248743 30078846=20
    29938870 29778905 29439024 29689078 30768934=20
    31778728=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Dec 8 00:44:12 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 080044
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-080300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1257
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    742 PM EST Sun Dec 07 2025

    Areas affected...Portions of the Central Florida Peninsula

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 080041Z - 080300Z

    Summary...A combination of locally intense rainfall and cell
    training should continue this evening which could cause flash
    flooding in urban areas.

    Discussion...Thunderstorms with isolated maximum rainfall rates
    approaching 1.5 inches per hour have been moving on-shore and
    tracking northeastward from near Tampa to Cape Canaveral early
    this evening. These storms appear to be associated with a
    mid-level vorticity maximum approaching from the eastern Gulf of
    America along the axis of a 2+ inch precipitable water plume and
    axis of boundary layer moisture flux convergence. Radar estimates
    from TBW/Tampa Bay indicate that hourly amounts have peaked near
    1.75 inches in parts of Pinellas and Pasco counties and that the
    maximum rainfall totals were approaching 3.25 inches in the same
    area. These amounts were embedded within a broader 1.5 to 2,5
    inch stripe of rainfall extending towards the central portion of
    the peninsula.

    With additional showers and thunderstorms located off-shore...the
    potential for flooding due to multiple rounds of heavy rainfall
    exists. The 18Z HREF/RRFS showed the probability of 1 inch per
    hour rates diminishing to less than 5 percent along the west-coast
    by 08/03Z. Their placement has been a bit too far north with the
    intense rates. Even so...the HREF captured the evolution in the
    broadest sense and was used it as a starting point for the MPD.=20

    Maximum Hourly amounts 1" to 1.75" and local totals to 3.5" appear
    possible where cells train and/or back-build, which would be most
    problematic in urban areas and regions of poor drainage as well as
    along small streams.

    Bann

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6pVmRublY1OVsAJkJg8O46F9ZFJcJq11wZG7H7yfyyETA4AMO-6DQLkDZoaZVaqobmxQ= aeSyDnVcKLlM3SGwH4kZuK0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...MLB...TBW...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 28538137 28538106 28328102 28008125 27678210=20
    27488265 27958282 28338219 28488162=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Dec 8 16:53:22 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 081653
    FFGMPD
    ORZ000-WAZ000-090400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1258
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1152 AM EST Mon Dec 08 2025

    Areas affected...Western Washington...Far Northwest Oregon...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 081700Z - 090400Z

    SUMMARY...Very strong atmospheric river with persistent .25-.5"/hr
    rates falling on increasingly saturated soils will result in high
    run-off, swelling rivers and poor drainage/urban flooding but at
    minimum further set the stage for expected additional rainfall
    into the mid-week.

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR mosaic is showing the leading
    warm/moisture advection surge from the atmospheric river is
    expanding across the Pacific Northwest and into the Washington
    Cascades at this time. CIRA LPW animation depicts a long fetch
    core to the atmospheric river with a long tap back to the tropics
    near the Dateline; though the strength of the polar stream with
    150-170kt fairly zonal upper-level jet has resulted in very strong
    deep layer flow which has resulted in a fairly long/gradual
    isentropic incline to deplete any potential of vertical
    instability, the strength of moisture flux anomalies are pushing
    the maximum climatological percentiles for this time of year. This
    is generally confirmed by CIRA LPW percentiles in the 95-99th
    range through all layers but most noted in the 700-500mb at this
    time.

    The total PWat values are at or above 1.25" and have come ashore
    with the subtle but fast moving warm front denoted with wind shift
    from south to southwest and increase to 40kts at surface, 50-60kts
    near boundary layer and over 70kts at 700mb, this has lead to IVT
    values very near 1000 kg/m/s analyzed just offshore while
    remaining above 700 kg/m/s into the Cascades currently, but is
    expected to rise as the effective warm sector moisture intersects
    the terrain fairly orthogonally as well. As a result, broad
    .25-.33"/hr rates have been seen near the coastal areas so far and
    will expand into W WA over the next few hours. The nose of the
    upper-jet remains north for a bit and height-falls on the western
    side of the core will not start to dip southward until well after
    00z as the cold front reaches the mouth of the Juan de Fuca Strait
    around 00-01z.

    The strong flux, upslope flow will allow for rates of .5"/hr
    regularly through the mid to upper slopes of the Cascade Range as
    the WAA has freezing heights above all but the highest peaks. As
    such upper slopes will see 3-5" totals by 03z with foothills
    likely to be 2-4" and lower valleys less than 2"...with isolated
    totals to 6-7"+ along the core of the AR in the southern WA
    Cascade Range. Coastal Ranges including the Olympics may see
    4-6". Overall, FFG values are high enough even to encompass all
    but those highest extreme values being greater than 3.5/3hrs and
    over 5"/6hrs. However, NASA SPoRT LIS 0-40cm soil saturation
    values are generally above 70-80% across which is generally a bit
    above normal for the Coastal Range, but near 75-85th percentiles
    for the Cascade Range; however, full saturation should occur
    through the late afternoon, and as the main surge occurs toward
    00z, much of the rainfall should convert to run-off. This should
    swell the rivers fairly quickly with compounding issues resulting
    in riverine flooding (please refer to discussion and graphical
    products from NW River Forecast Center and National Water Center
    for further details).

    Given this is the first surge of a prolonged AR event, the
    potential for flash flooding is likely limited to the highest
    slopes/reaches of the watersheds or some localized urban flooding
    due to poor drainage. With the saturation of the soils through
    depth, there will be a slowly increasing potential for mudslides
    especially near/downslope any recent burn scars.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!41Gpl_K0C4oZ8oksLbVkshXJ6rbtTPELhF_yqA-pb03G5RNZm1ZMxwDtMJ02CLLoM3h0= Gh03LT2xq3MSxojGryzr5JQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OTX...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 49112107 48812060 48292030 47312040 46882082=20
    45752140 45492147 45512177 45902229 46102264=20
    46062298 45822333 45732387 46362422 47182433=20
    47832456 48222487 48462487 48292398 47902348=20
    47362331 46992302 46942246 47252212 47702194=20
    48252209 48572212 48962190 49092160=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Dec 9 21:12:11 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 092112
    FFGMPD
    ORZ000-WAZ000-100910-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1259
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    411 PM EST Tue Dec 09 2025

    Areas affected...Northern Oregon and Western Washington

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 092110Z - 100910Z

    Summary...The ongoing atmospheric river event over the Pacific
    Northwest will continue into tonight over portions of western
    Oregon and Washington. The axis of heaviest rainfall is expected
    to shift back north into Washington and also increase in
    intensity, which will bring an increasing flood and landslide risk
    to these areas.

    Discussion...The expectation is that the atmospheric river
    impacting northern OR will shift northward back into western WA
    this evening. After a temporary drop in Integrated Water Vapor
    Transport (IVT) today, values are forecast to increase again
    towards 03z resulting in an uptick in rainfall coverage and
    intensity into the overnight hours. With no forecast instability,
    rainfall rates will be driven mostly by the magnitude of moisture
    transport into the terrain. This will put a cap on the upper bound
    of rainfall rates, although this will be compensated by IVT values
    above the climatological 99th percentile and layered precipitable
    water (PW) generally above the 95th percentile at all atmospheric
    levels. This deep moisture and strong moisture transport will
    support hourly rainfall in the 0.25"-0.40" range, potentially
    approaching 0.50" in the highest mountain peaks. These rates
    should increase in coverage after 03z (per the 12z HREF
    probabilities), moving from northern OR into western WA overnight.
    Additional rainfall through 09z Wednesday is generally expected to
    be in the 1-3" range.

    Under typical conditions, rainfall rates and totals of this
    magnitude would not pose a significant hazard to this region.
    However, the past 24 hours have already brought 4-10" of rain to
    these locations, leading to saturated ground and elevated streams
    and rivers. Although parts of WA saw a brief lull today allowing
    for some recovery, hydrologic conditions remain sensitive.
    Consequently, when heavier rain returns this evening into tonight,
    additional flood impacts are expected.

    The primary impacts are expected to be flooding of rivers and
    streams, other low-lying flood-prone areas, and poor drainage and
    urban areas. Given the saturated ground, the risk of landslides
    and debris flows in areas of steep terrain will also increase
    tonight as rainfall intensity ramps up.

    Chenard

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!43p-OkfUop706I6cKLYBBIwzA6nB0hPZtCxkYgIrTsd-VTMoHaWWkfw9qP6uMmlQkjOt= HZdFGfUJBx9ZZGkLPPdfEFs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OTX...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 47942123 47642074 46792112 46432130 45912145=20
    45412151 45322145 44952164 44572184 44412215=20
    44522255 44712277 45042250 45422224 45882270=20
    45822308 45252331 44842354 44972399 45782413=20
    46532407 47232417 47682412 47842384 47782333=20
    47392322 47042294 46852251 47122208 47482197=20
    47762182=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Dec 10 16:28:53 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 101628
    FFGMPD
    WAZ000-110300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1260
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1128 AM EST Wed Dec 10 2025

    Areas affected...Olympic and Cascade Ranges of Western
    Washington...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall

    Valid 101630Z - 110300Z

    SUMMARY...Core of next atmospheric river surge through evening.=20
    Rates of .33-.75"/hr based on elevation likely to further compound
    ongoing river flooding throughout the foothills of the Olympic and
    Cascade Ranges. Mud/Landslide potential continues to increase
    with amount of deep soil moisture.

    DISCUSSION...Recent regional RADAR mosaic shows core of solid
    stratiform rainfall is expanding across much of western
    Washington. CIRA LPW shows solid sub-tropical moisture connection
    tapping just northwest of Kaua'i only narrowing/concentrating
    along and south of the stationary front 42N/142W to the Olympic
    Range. RAP analysis and recent VWP network observations denote a
    surge of increased moisture/warm advection south of the front is
    directed orthogonally to the Olympic Range and further downstream
    to the western Washington Cascades with 30-40kts of boundary layer
    orographic ascent and Tds in the mid 50s. CIRA LPW also notes
    that core of enhanced 850-700mb remains well displaced (east over
    WA at this time) to the surface core indicative of the long,
    gentle upslope of the AR moisture plume; so with limited unstable
    air, orographic moisture flux convergence remains the primary
    driver of intense rates, so stark rainshadows and much lower
    rainfall totals/rates are expected in main, lower elevation
    valleys.=20=20

    CIRA LPW analysis, extrapolation shows core of enhanced moisture
    below 700mb will continue to be directed toward the Juan de Fuca Strait/Northern Olympics into the Northern Washington Cascades
    over the next 6-9hrs supporting rates of .25" in the valleys to up
    to .75" in the highest terrain of the Cascades; and with the
    strong warm sub-tropic air, all but the most extreme peaks will
    continue to remain below the freezing levels. RAP/HRRR along with
    LPW extrapolation suggest core of enhanced moisture and winds will
    slowly reduce from supporting over 800 kg/m/s IVT values below 600
    kg/m/s toward 00z with the front sagging south toward the mouth of
    the Columbia river by 06z.=20=20

    FFG values are static in the Pacific Northwest and are not likely
    to be exceeded; however, NASA SPoRT shows 0-40cm saturation is
    near 90%, so nearly all those rates will be fully run-off. Flash flooding/rapid inundation flooding is not expected except for the
    highest reaches of watersheds/upper slope creeks, etc. but the
    rainfall will definitely continue a steady rise/expansion of
    ongoing river flooding across the area. Please refer to Northwest
    River Forecast Center and National Water Center products for
    details of these ongoing dangerous, life threatening conditions.=20

    Additionally, deep layer saturation of the upper soils suggests
    mud/landslides may become increasingly possible through this
    evening, especially given affects of strong winds acting upon the
    trees and therefore their roots. Remain aware of this potential
    and refer to local emergency managers and USGS reports/products
    regarding landslide concerns.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8L2D4ky7YUPIc_XTauE7f5mOBTS_tFcGMz7lVQIdQ_QXNey033P0XO5k-9kianVdLxxG= MzntNDwJCMC7cWkTFvSaRJ0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OTX...PDT...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 49092147 48632099 48032072 47612090 46942137=20
    46942189 47532210 47892184 48252199 48662228=20
    49002260 48782323 47892312 47002346 47192395=20
    47762440 48222461 48152365 48122326 49042328=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Dec 11 04:09:00 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 110408
    FFGMPD
    WAZ000-111530-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1261
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1107 PM EST Wed Dec 10 2025

    Areas affected...Western WA (including the Olympic Peninsula and
    Cascades)

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110407Z - 111530Z

    SUMMARY...Strong atmospheric river activity to continue overnight
    across much of western WA with a focus for additional heavy rain
    and locally significant areal flooding, including potential for
    debris flows, landslides and localized flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-W WV suite along with OSPO/CIRA ALPW
    data sets show a well-defined and strong atmospheric river
    continuing to advance inland across western WA, with an upstream
    orthogonal orientation of the deep Pacific moisture axis/plume
    relative to the Olympic Peninsula and the Cascades. Satellite and
    radar data continue to show areas of heavy rain impacting these
    areas with recent rainfall rates in the 0.25" to 0.40"/hour range.

    Much of the deeper layer trans-Pacific moisture transport into the
    region continues to be aided by the positioning of a strong
    subtropical ridge near and offshore of CA, and an elongated axis
    of mid-level troughing from the Gulf of AK southwestward to
    30N/40N and 160W. Offshore experimental CIRA LVT data is showing
    some gradual slackening of the low and mid-level moisture
    transport around the top side of the ridge axis, and this may
    allow for some of the more widespread heavier rainfall rates to
    gradually subside a bit going through the overnight hours.

    However, there will be the arrival of a new Pacific cold front
    across the region as shortwave energy moves into British Columbia,
    and this boundary should slowly push inland and become more
    oriented west/east across southern WA Thursday morning. IVT
    magnitudes along the front should remain elevated for the next 6
    to 12 hours, but by early Thursday morning, these values are
    forecast to drop down into the 600 to 800 kg/m/s range with the
    overall slackening of the low to mid-level kinematic wind field
    environment.

    The 00Z HREF guidance does continue to support rainfall rates in
    the Olympic Peninsula of around a 0.25"/hour, but with heavier
    rates occasionally reaching a 0.50"+/hour in the central and
    northern WA Cascades. Going through 15Z (7AM PST) on Thursday, an
    additional 1 to 2 inches of rain is expected for the Olympic
    Peninsula, but with an additional 2 to 4 inches in the central and
    northern WA Cascades.

    These additional rains will exacerbate ongoing areal flooding and
    especially to the river basins which are locally seeing
    significant impacts. Given the amount of rainfall that has
    occurred over the last few days in the Cascades in particular
    (with 12 to 15+ inches locally), the terrain is particularly
    sensitive, with the additional rains favoring concerns for debris
    flows, landslides and potential flash flooding around areas of
    steep terrain.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!71Jepf9yev7hmkJDrRvmtLMcUq8j50D7FgYNO7kSskSH7SKK20EaAmLtVqgpFTJ6kFC0= SGJjw80lHp4zyyPnh7ywKDw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OTX...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 49202170 49192044 48662002 47232051 46482165=20
    46642366 47412470 48122487 48372444 48112360=20
    48162268 48802244=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Dec 11 14:52:35 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 111452
    FFGMPD
    WAZ000-112048-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1262
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    951 AM EST Thu Dec 11 2025

    Areas affected...portions of western Washington State

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 111448Z - 112048Z

    Summary...Ongoing moderate to heavy rainfall will continue to
    foster excessive runoff and flood/flash flood issues through at
    least 20Z/noon Pacific time.

    Discussion...A persistent atmospheric river continues to spread
    areas of moderate to heavy rainfall across the discussion area.=20
    Recent rain rates ranging from 0.15-0.5 inch/hr have been noted -
    especially in terrain-favored upslope areas of the Cascades. The
    rainfall was tied to strong 700mb flow perpendicular to the
    Cascades and 1 inch PW values - supporting abundant orographic
    ascent and precipitation. Unfortunately, these rain rates were
    continuing to impact inundated areas that have experienced 6-10
    inches of rain over the past 72 hours, with widespread,
    significant riverine flooding being reported as a result.

    Rainfall could continue for another 4-6 hours across the region.=20
    Eventually, models depict a weakening of 700mb flow over the
    Cascades as mid/upper ridging builds northward into the region.=20
    This may reduce acute flash flood potential, though riverine
    issues will likely continue for some time.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-ImXPjaEKxXDP2MXZn5DlOqZ-jEGbNw9fZaPqxDHzK7LZF4ZyYLNeT4WwF3zvzlNd8sy= HiRwBZt23t60q5z8yF4V1K8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OTX...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 48592119 48222044 47562035 46522081 46302172=20
    46582328 47552397 48042403 48322289 48502243=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Dec 15 09:36:32 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 150936
    FFGMPD
    ORZ000-WAZ000-152135-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1263
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    435 AM EST Mon Dec 15 2025

    Areas affected...Western WA and Northwest OR

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 150935Z - 152135Z

    SUMMARY...A new atmospheric river will be arriving this morning
    across the Pacific Northwest. New rounds of heavy rain will be
    associated with this across especially western WA and northwest
    OR, and this will gradually pose a renewed threat of flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-W WV suite along with OSPO/CIRA ALPW
    data shows a new trans-Pacific atmospheric river approaching the
    Pacific Northwest. The source region of the long-fetch moisture
    transport is situated well southwest of Hawaii along 160W to 170W,
    with a northeast advection of it up along and ahead of a
    well-defined frontal zone that extends from Hawaii to offshore of
    the West Coast. Satellite imagery and surface data also shows
    additional northern stream energy and a reinforcing cold front
    approaching from areas near and south of the Gulf of AK.

    Over the next 6 to 12 hours, strong deep layer southwest flow with
    embedded shortwave energy will approach and begin crossing the
    Pacific Northwest which will drive the aforementioned offshore
    fronts gradually inland across the coastal ranges. Strong warm air
    advection and enhanced low to mid-level flow will drive increasing
    rainfall rates across the orographically favored coastal ranges
    from northwest OR up into the Olympic Peninsula and eastward into
    the foothills and higher terrain of the Cascades.

    Microwave-based CMORPH2 data shows heavy rainfall rates associated
    with the offshore shortwave energy focused along 130W, with some
    rates on the order of 0.75" to 1"/hour. This is associated with
    broken areas of convection as validated by GOES-W GLM data
    indicating intermittent lightning activity. Some of these heavier
    rates should arrive gradually throughout the morning, and the 00Z
    HREF guidance shows high probabilities (>60%) of rainfall rates
    exceeding a 0.50"/hour across the Olympic Peninsula and the
    foothills of the Cascades, with some low-end probabilities
    (approaching 30%) of seeing these rates max out near 1"/hour in
    the central and southern WA Cascades.

    These high rates will coincide with the arrival of high IVT
    magnitudes that will be on the order of 800 to 1000 kg/m/s into
    the coastal ranges, with an inland penetration of the core IVT
    plume into the Cascades. Some modest instability with MUCAPE
    values up around 250+ J/kg along and just ahead of the frontal
    boundaries will also be a contributor to these elevated rates.

    Expect as much as 3 to 5 inches of new rainfall over the next 12
    hours, with the heaviest totals over the Olympic Peninsula and the
    windward slopes of the WA Cascades. Lesser amounts will be noted
    over northwest OR with as much as 1 to 3 inches here involving the orographically favored terrain.

    The region is extremely sensitive given the residual impacts from
    the recent high-impact multi-day atmospheric river. Elevated/high
    streamflows and saturated ground will support the additional rains
    going into runoff that will be capable of driving renewed areas of
    areal flooding. Some localized burn scar flash flooding, debris
    flows and landslide activity also cannot be ruled out today.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8CSOBZPag-i-C1aXm6jQzW12n-4RBwiZpBMzlfmSn5drA27YKyMJLZE9060HaBqpt42K= 23iAiSQIlsvBBUL7myAJ6NQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OTX...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 49262217 49252090 48782034 47882038 46802093=20
    45402127 44392175 44302231 44662313 44682399=20
    45742427 47102424 48002466 48222357 47692293=20
    47822252 48592230=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Dec 15 21:57:21 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 152157
    FFGMPD
    WAZ000-160900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1264
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    456 PM EST Mon Dec 15 2025

    Areas affected...western Washington

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 152153Z - 160900Z

    SUMMARY...A subtle increase in rainfall intensity is expected over
    western WA through about 03Z with hourly rainfall peaking near 0.5
    inches. 12 hour accumulations of 1 to 2 inches will be possible
    through 09Z. While these higher rainfall intensities should remain
    isolated in nature across the Olympics and Cascades, the region
    remains saturated and quite sensitive due to last week's heavy
    rainfall event.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES West water vapor imagery showed the
    approach of a mid to upper-level vorticity max about 250 miles
    west of the mouth of the Columbia River, tracking toward the ENE.
    Total precipitable water values have come down since 12Z this
    morning as seen in recent blended TPW imagery with 0.6 to 0.8
    inches observed from the Washington coast to the Cascades at 21Z.
    850-700 mb mean layer winds were observed to be 50-60 kt via KLGX
    VAD wind data, forecast to decrease into the 30-45 kt range by 03Z
    via recent RAP forecasts. Hourly rainfall within the upslope
    regions of the Olympics and Cascades has peaked in the 0.2 to 0.3
    inch range over the past 2 hours with 2-4 inches (locally higher)
    observed over the past 24 hours in the Olympics and Cascades.

    The arrival of the offshore vorticity max has been preceded by
    cooling clouds tops on infrared satellite imagery and rainfall
    rates are likely to increase again over the next few hours over
    the Olympics and Cascades, at least locally, despite continued
    lowering of IVT values. This will be due to increased lift ahead
    of the vorticity max and the left-exit region of a powerful jet
    centered near 250 mb, centered ~1000 miles west of the WA/OR
    coastline. Recent GOES West DMVs measured a few points with 170 kt
    (10-15 kt higher than RAP forecasts). This jet max is forecast to
    continue strengthening as it translates eastward with left-exit
    ascent moving across western Washington tonight.

    Strengthening forcing for ascent coupled with weak elevated
    instability and mean WSW flow could support a couple of isolated
    hourly rainfall values near 0.5 inches and brief training of
    stronger echoes. The greatest probabilities for higher rainfall
    rates will occur with higher elevations/orographic lift which will
    be experiencing a transition to snow as freezing levels fall in
    the wake of a cold front which will limit contributions to
    additional flooding for the higher elevations above 5000 ft.
    However, where p-type will remain liquid, limited potential for a
    few hours of hourly rainfall in the 0.25 to 0.50 inch range
    through 06Z (locally higher) and additional rainfall totals of 1
    to 2 inches through 09Z within the windward slopes could result in
    additional flood concerns for the region.

    Due to the highly sensitive ground conditions, due largely in part
    to last weeks atmospheric river event, any additional rainfall
    will have the potential to renew or exacerbate flood concerns. The
    potential will also exist for isolated landslides/debris flows
    across the more sensitive regions of the Olympics and Cascades.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_ihbPIbF-hZ7NCZRjxSSeMKqV1C7qq5CnKKiK7KlcTB2BViBGIpgmm-d77a52eEHi0Iv= TvKo-4Ujjt6a7458NaeaiW8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 48992144 48882113 48732105 48482127 48352141=20
    48162144 47962132 47792125 47612136 47432143=20
    47192137 47092151 47042160 47032170 47012180=20
    46962186 46892188 46832185 46782179 46762164=20
    46732161 46542156 46422167 46342213 46392236=20
    46582254 46762263 46912265 47082312 47122349=20
    47292387 47592402 47922419 48092409 48102367=20
    47972318 48052273 48532226 48942185=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Dec 18 14:01:00 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 181400
    FFGMPD
    ORZ000-WAZ000-190200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1265
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    859 AM EST Thu Dec 18 2025

    Areas affected...Northwest Oregon...Far Southwest Washington...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 181400Z - 190200Z

    SUMMARY...Extreme surge of moisture flux into terrain as warm
    front passes will result in mid to upper slopes of coastal and
    Cascade Ranges to receive up to 1"/hr rates. Localized 5-7"
    totals are possible and may result in rapid rises and possible
    flooding in/along streams/rivers.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-W WV suite depicts a strong well
    anti-cyclonically curved ridge continue to dominate the eastern
    north Pacific with strong core of 150-180kt westerly 250 jet
    crossing the Juan de Fuca Strait attm. At the trailing edge
    increased divergence and subtle sheared shortwave is streaking
    through just west of 130W. This will focus surface to boundary
    layer cyclogenesis with a low 990mb low expected to lift northward
    toward the Strait by 21z. The energy through the atmospheric
    column is highly dynamic along and behind a surging warm front.=20
    This warm front has yet to reach the Pacific Coast, but is
    expected around 16-17z from south to north along the Oregon coast.
    Weaker southerly flow will quickly shift with 925mb flow swinging
    WSW to align through nearly the entire column to 500mb. Winds
    will increase to over 60kts with occasional speeds up to 70kt.=20=20

    CIRA LPW denotes the WAA aloft as just recently reached the coast
    though the 850-700mb layer with core of 99th and Maximum record
    values in this an 700-500mb layers (displaced further east over
    central OR attm due to the gentle slope of the deeper AR as a
    whole). As the warm front passes the total PWats will be over
    1.25" and fluxed on that strength of wind (50-80kts from
    925-700mb) will result in IVT values over 1000 kg/m/s with higher
    resolution guidance suggesting localized peaks nearing 1200 kg/m/s
    placing the surge toward the extreme range. While orientation to
    the terrain is not fully orthogonal, the magnitude of flux
    convergence and orographic ascent will support .75"/hr rates in
    the mid to upper slopes of the central to northwest Oregon Coastal
    Range and perhaps an hour later into the upper slopes of the
    Cascades north of Lane county. These rates are expected to surge
    and ebb through 00z, with an isolated 1"/hr rate possible. As
    such, rainfall totals will quickly total toward 5"+ in the terrain
    with rain-shadowed areas perhaps not even reaching .5". Early
    arriving 12z Hi-Res CAMs suggest isolated totals over 7" by 03z
    are not out of the realm of possibility. These values are pushing
    24hr ARI (Average Return Intervals) definitely into the 25 year
    range, with some suggestions of exceedance of 50 to 100 year
    values, in the upper slopes of the central Oregon Cascades. So
    the rainfall is highly atypical and therefore flooding is
    possible.

    FFG values in the region are static and are not likely to be
    exceeded at 1 or 3hr periods but may push the 6hr+ time range.=20
    Yet, NASA SPoRT LIS 0-40cm soil saturation remain above 70% given
    the connection to last week's event that was focused further
    north, and may result in above average run-off as upper profiles
    will quickly saturate. As such, even the glancing blow across into
    W WA could exacerbate ongoing flooding there and has been included
    in the area of concern, though rates/totals would be reduced to
    the core in central to northern Oregon. So any flooding is not
    necessarily going to be flashy in nature but notable surge in
    river levels will be noted. As such, please continue to monitor
    River Forecasts from local forecast offices, Northwest River
    Forecast Center, and products/discussion from the National Water
    Center.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!66DWPwXIdIRzihZ8KNWR2kFs3hqm9EhGdO2Y4CVe9gNTFathDiknnp_0mkOk5RDuyJAM= -pULRKiW904eJ5HzsifTnVs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 46812171 46592138 46062138 44512157 43922193=20
    43642242 43972308 44012371 44032419 44232423=20
    44802415 45412406 46042402 46202370 46122328=20
    45572281 45862238 46232230 46612213=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Dec 19 02:09:55 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 190209
    FFGMPD
    ORZ000-WAZ000-190807-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1266
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    907 PM EST Thu Dec 18 2025

    Areas affected...portions of western Oregon and southwestern
    Washington State

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 190207Z - 190807Z

    Summary...Flood/flash flood potential continues as a strong
    atmospheric river traverses the area through 08Z/midnight Pacific
    Time.

    Discussion...Flood/flash flood potential continues across the
    discussion area. A strong, landfalling atmospheric river
    continues to produce areas of 0.25-0.5 inch/hr rain rates across
    the region - highest across upwind, terrain-favored areas. This
    heavy rainfall regime has persisted for some time, resulting in
    around 1-3 inches of rainfall over the past 12 hours. These rain
    rates have contributed to at least isolated instances of excessive
    runoff and impacts in some areas. Soils are wet and streamflows
    are high across the region - especially where the heaviest
    rainfall has occurred.

    Models/observations suggest that at least another 3-5 hours of
    rainfall is expected across the discussion area, with 0.25+
    inch/hr rain rates and 1-1.5 inch totals potentially occurring
    through 08Z/midnight Pacific Time. Over time, a front will
    migrate from northwest to southeast across the discussion area,
    resulting in a gradual southeastward shift in the heaviest
    rainfall rates as peak low-level flow shifts toward central and
    southwestern Oregon. Areas of flooding/flash flooding remain
    possible given the sensitive ground conditions that are readily
    supporting excessive runoff.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_X7D6LBwyUIHGeozsPitQ2wTaN1VLJ2UMr87Cg64CYGoqaeZGBU2fXqJmKxikY9qKDSi= aP51iJ_xHhCZfbG7AsZ1cSk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...MFR...PDT...PQR...SEW...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 47402191 47322132 46512095 45332117 44172139=20
    43472199 43212283 43812402 43902436 46612426=20
    46422320 46132280 46082242 46922217=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Dec 21 06:16:08 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 210616
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-211812-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1267
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    113 AM EST Sun Dec 21 2025

    Areas affected...portions of northern and central California

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 210612Z - 211812Z

    Summary...Onset of a long-duration heavy rain hazard is underway
    as an atmospheric river makes landfall across central and northern
    California. Upwind regions of high terrain could experience
    periods of 0.5-1.0 inch/hr rain rates. Flash flooding is likely
    through the morning hours.

    Discussion...Recent radar/MRMS data depicts an uptick in heavy
    rainfall/rain rates across northern and central California
    currently. The greatest rates were occurring across coastal
    ranges north/northwest of San Francisco, where strengthening, west-southwesterly 850mb flow (around 40 knots) was oriented
    perpendicular to ridgelines/terrain in that area. The combination
    of orographic ascent and 1.5 inch PW values located just upstream
    of the area were supporting areas of 0.25-0.5 inch measured rain
    rates over the past hour or so.

    Models/observations suggest that the ongoing areas of heavy rain
    will only expand and increase in intensity with time. 850mb
    should increase into the 40-50 knot range over the next few hours
    while impinging upon upwind slopes of the Sierra and northern
    California coastal ranges. This will allow for areas of 0.5 to 1
    inch/hr rain rates to materialize in terrain-favored areas and
    persist for 6+ hours.=20

    USGS Streamflow and NASA SPoRT-LiS Soil Moistures suggest ground
    conditions can handle initial rainfall with somewhat dry initial
    soil conditions and modest flow in local streams. Multiple hours
    of heavier rainfall will likely make ground conditions more
    favorable for excessive runoff and flood/flash flood impacts over
    time. The greatest risk for flood/flash flood instances will
    occur from 09Z/1a Pacific Time, and multiple instances of
    excessive runoff are expected through 18Z/10a.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6UfaRemdCkGYpLIhlFPONIeYmwwruTOcraTfEqSSeTpLE3--jvLref83zgvivudYXlzW= v-lQ7zarJ1Nt1ckhghWBPRM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...HNX...MFR...MTR...REV...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41962247 41542157 40852066 39602031 37971979=20
    38042048 38322109 38922152 38772195 38162219=20
    37902249 38402334 39852421 41912439 41932330=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Dec 21 18:24:44 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 211824
    FFGMPD
    NVZ000-CAZ000-ORZ000-220620-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1268
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    123 PM EST Sun Dec 21 2025

    Areas affected...central to northern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 211820Z - 220620Z

    Summary...A long-duration heavy rain event will continue through
    tonight. 12 hour rainfall totals of 2 to 4 inches for the Coastal
    Ranges and 3 to 7 inches for the Sierra Nevada are expected
    through 06Z (locally higher possible). Peak hourly rainfall of
    0.50 to 0.75 inches is likely with isolated values up to 1 inch,
    likely translating into flood/flash flood impacts across the
    region.

    Discussion...Moderate to heavy rain was occurring as of 18Z from
    roughly Point Arena, CA to southern OR with peak hourly rainfall
    between 0.5 and 0.75 inches, but with values locally up to 1 inch.
    An atmospheric river containing PW values between 1.0 and 1.4
    inches along the northern CA coast and southwesterly 850-700 mb
    winds of 40-50 kt were present. 24 hour gauge reports of 3-6
    inches (King Range) and 4-7 inches (north-central Sierra Nevada)
    were observed through 18Z and the northern CA region has
    experienced 200 to 400 percent of normal over the past week. There
    have been several reports of flooding and landslides over the past
    few hours within the northern Coastal Ranges and a couple of
    landslides reported within the Sierra Nevada.

    The approach of a positively tilted shortwave trough axis off of
    the Pacific Northwest coast will continue to advance ESE over the
    next 12 hours, allowing for a slow southward movement to the axis
    of highest moisture transport down the CA coastline. As this
    occurs, PWs are forecast to lower slightly and 850-700 mb winds
    should weaken about 10 kt through 06Z with IVT values of 800
    kg/m/s lowering into the 600-700 kg/m/s range. Steady peak hourly
    rainfall values of 0.50 to 0.75 inches are likely to continue over
    the next 6-12 hours. 12Z HREF probabilities showed 40 to 80
    percent probabilities of exceeding 0.5 in/hr through 02Z for the
    central to northern CA Coastal Ranges north of San Francisco and
    40 to 90+ percent for the north-central to northern Sierra Nevada
    through at least 06Z. Meanwhile, hourly probabilities for 1+
    inches in an hour are near or less than 10 percent through the
    overnight.

    Given wet antecedent conditions over the past week, including 24
    hour rainfall, the addition of another 2 to 6+ inches is likely to
    result in additional flooding, landslides/mudslides and debris
    flows. Where overlap of high rain rates occurs with sensitive burn
    scars or urban areas, more rapid flooding/flash flooding can be
    expected.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-N3fonV1wnIiFTFf7U_Ok7Dt2UfKXjgzF4Wstna-jHDUM2PoHkO-k6Iapux8XqvGKO4P= j7M3a0cP32dAi1_XlY33J7s$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...MFR...MTR...REV...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...PTR...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42022284 41832164 41492099 40542042 39901995=20
    38651967 38301964 38142001 38202058 38022121=20
    37712152 37302170 36992188 36762237 37242297=20
    37532336 38612413 40252494 41812489=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Dec 22 07:30:21 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 220730
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-221529-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1269
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    229 AM EST Mon Dec 22 2025

    Areas affected...portions of central and eastern California

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 220729Z - 221529Z

    Summary...Areas of moderate to heavy rainfall will continue for
    several more hours across upslope/western sides of the Sierra,
    prompting flood/flash flood concerns.

    Discussion...Recent radar/observational data depict continued
    areas of moderate to heavy rainfall along upslope sides of the
    Sierra in central/northeastern California. The rainfall continues
    as part of a landfalling atmospheric river across the region, with
    40 knots of 850mb flow oriented perpendicular to the Sierra
    promoting abundant orographic ascent. Additionally, 1-1.3 inch PW
    values are continuing to enhance rainfall rates across the region.
    Furthermore, the persistence of the atmospheric river has
    resulted in a focused area of 3-6 inch rainfall totals over the
    past 12 hours especially in the Tahoe and Lassen National Forests
    (east of an axis from Chico to Sacramento). Some instances of
    flooding/flash flooding and landslides have occurred, which isn't
    surprising given moderate MRMS Flash outputs and elevated
    streamflows per the USGS Water Dashboard.

    Ongoing trends should continue for several more hours. 850mb flow
    should remain perpendicular to the Sierra through at least 15Z/7a
    Pacific Time, prompting continued rainfall and runoff. Models
    suggest that flow should gradually slacken into the 20-25 knot
    range during that time frame, which should decrease orographic
    ascent and rain rates with time. Nevertheless, ground conditions
    continue to be sensitive and additional 0.25+ inch/hr rates are
    likely to continue. Flooding/flash flooding, debris flows, and
    landslides continue to be possible.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5iyvhhDbMLgpO0wdYJ0o3ApbhFqsnmdhB0ihXtI6v_mJfBQI739WZFXdnVdpfWrLxa66= -c7qLMepHMB4TgFXu1YM5yk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...REV...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40692210 40622126 39852056 38821992 37971968=20
    37641982 37902072 39222187 40052233=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Dec 24 08:52:47 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 240852
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-242049-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1270
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    351 AM EST Wed Dec 24 2025

    Areas affected...portions of southern California

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 240849Z - 242049Z

    Summary...Heavy rainfall was beginning to develop across western
    portions of the Transverse Ranges. The rain will expand in
    coverage through 20Z/noon Pacific Time. Widespread 3-5 inch
    totals are expected, with isolated 8-inch amounts possible. A
    dangerous scenario is unfolding, with widespread and significant
    impacts from flash flooding and debris flows expected.

    Discussion...The onset of a landfalling atmospheric river was
    beginning to increase rain rates across the western Transverse
    Ranges over the past hour or so (per radar mosaic/MRMS). The
    rainfall was associated with an axis of very strong
    south-southwesterly low-level flow (50+ knots at 850mb) beginning
    to make eastward progress into the discussion area. This flow was
    oriented perpendicularly to the Transverse Ranges, promoting
    strong orographic lift/ascent of an abundantly moist airmass (PW
    values from 1-1.5 inch per SPC Mesonanalyses). Weak surface-based
    instability was evident near immediate coastal areas as well. The
    regime was already beginning to spread 0.5-0.8 inch/hr rain rates
    into Santa Barbara County over the past hour.

    The overall pattern will shift only slowly eastward across the
    discussion area as a strong low pressure area west of Eureka, CA
    migrates northeastward/inland toward the Pacific Northwest. Heavy
    rainfall will increase in coverage and intensity through the next
    6-12 hours as well. A few areas of 1 inch/hr rain rates can be
    expected, and 3-5 inch totals (with local amounts reaching 8
    inches) can be expected across the Transverse Ranges through
    20Z/noon Pacific time. This rain will fall on sensitive terrain
    (i.e., burn scars, low-lying areas) creating a potentially
    dangerous scenario for widespread rapid runoff, flash flooding,
    debris flows, and rock/land slides. Significant impacts are
    expected in this regime.

    Other areas displaced from the Transverse Ranges could experience
    heavy rain as well (1-3 inch amounts). Flash flooding could occur
    - especially in urban areas and over burn scars.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5v6fNz6JRQ5fk-0hyZxoJYFxEGoCCYMVkWJrrpQsthUeto2mTJiSOx38Ww8po5CA8mfd= Gm2Qv9XSl3e2HhlGEHt32pQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...MTR...SGX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37651974 37051892 36301813 35571804 35061803=20
    34731784 34541734 34251686 34061670 33921714=20
    33301749 33911887 34442054 35222101 35852150=20
    36312170 36322135 35922080 35371996 35431941=20
    36031933 36931957 37371990=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Dec 24 10:16:20 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 241016
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-241614-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1271
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    515 AM EST Wed Dec 24 2025

    Areas affected...portions of northern and central California

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 241014Z - 241614Z

    Summary...Areas of moderate to heavy rainfall will continue across
    the discussion area through around 16Z/8a Pacific Time.
    Flood/flash flood concerns could exist near sensitive ground
    conditions (urban areas, burn scars, and near flooded water sheds).

    Discussion...A strong area of low pressure was moving slowly
    northeastward toward northwestern California near Eureka this
    morning. Ahead of this low, strong low-level flow (50-70 knots at
    850mb) has developed across the discussion area that was advecting
    a very moist airmass (1-1.2 inch PW values) through much of the
    region. Additionally, weak surface-based buoyancy near coastal
    areas was noted per mesoanalyses. The result of this pattern has
    been several areas of moderate to heavy rainfall that has
    exhibited an uptick in intensity over the past 1-2 hours.=20
    Low-level flow against upslope areas has promoted localized
    0.2-0.4 inch/hr rain rates, and these rates are expected to
    continue (or perhaps increase into the 0.5 inch/hr range) through
    the overnight and early morning hours. Additionally, heavier
    convective development was noted just offshore of central coastal
    areas.

    These conditions are expected to continue through around 16Z or so
    as a front sweeps eastward across the discussion area. Ahead of
    this front, areas of 0.25-0.5 inch/hr rain rates should continue
    especially in terrain-favored areas. Additionally, deeper
    convective development approaching the central coastal ranges
    should eventually impact urban areas in/near San Francisco over
    the next 1-3 hours (through 13Z/5a Pacific) that could result in
    urban flash flooding. The ongoing threat of flooding and flash
    flooding should gradually end from west to east, but should also
    be most pronounced near 1) burn scars, 2) urban areas, and 3)
    watersheds that have already experienced heavier rainfall over the
    past week (upslope Sierra areas) that have wet soils and
    anomalously strong streamflows. Flash flooding is possible in
    this scenario.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!90s1Les1NlfJHKgB8Pm6TKIGfAJycEhNlKEi1VyWTlT_l0v2PlSAcKXbKz2Mfl29lBSY= abJ58tD_UjcTZnBlv5-zHDE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...HNX...LOX...MFR...MTR...REV...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41562233 41042137 40172081 38281986 37841933=20
    37111911 37472000 37942098 37052106 35942083=20
    35332100 36042177 37872288 40112426 40732426=20
    41032393=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Dec 24 15:17:54 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 241517
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-242215-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1272
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1015 AM EST Wed Dec 24 2025

    Areas affected...Central Valley into the Sierra Nevada Foothills

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 241515Z - 242215Z

    SUMMARY...Significant atmospheric river activity continues to ride
    up through the Central Valley and into the Sierra Nevada foothills
    with heavy rainfall rates. Areas of flooding and some flash
    flooding will continue to be likely.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-W IR satellite imagery shows an
    impressive fanning out of cold cloud tops across the Central
    Valley and into the Sierra Nevada as a full-latitude trough
    offshore of the West Coast continues to channel a strong deep
    layer atmospheric river inland across the region.

    A surface cold front has been making steady progress eastward this
    morning and has pushed east of the Bay Area and into the Central
    Valley. Radar imagery shows a well-defined and dynamically forced
    convective line just ahead of the cold front making its way closer
    to the Sierra Nevada foothills with rainfall rates that are on the
    order of 0.75" to 1"/hour. These rainfall rates are being
    facilitated by MUCAPE values of as much as 100 to 250 J/kg ahead
    of the cold front, but even more so by the very strong low-level
    moisture convergence riding up through the Central Valley and with
    impressively divergent flow aloft downstream of the offshore upper
    trough.

    Enhanced rainfall rates of up to 1"/hour will continue with these
    convective elements ahead of the cold front as it advances
    gradually eastward over the next several hours. The additional aid
    of orographic ascent into the Sierra Nevada foothills will further
    support the enhancement of rainfall rates. Given the strongly
    anomalous degree of moisture through the column including some
    tropical origins of the atmospheric river, the rainfall will be
    quite efficient, with additional totals through mid-afternoon of
    as much as 2 to 4 inches.

    Additional areas of flooding and some flash flooding will be
    likely, including portions of the Central Valley and into the
    Sierra Nevada foothills. Localized urban flooding impacts will
    continue to be a concern, and for areas in the terrain, localized
    burn scar flash flooding will be a threat. Can't rule out some
    landslide activity as well near areas of steep terrain.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!53-BwiZrl9T80oxjrbDTjD5St9EgADRAizby-f106X4xaimzSLI6Rng1qTi5hYs__yXH= NMi1oDBw2dNyDiht0mBs2c4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...MTR...REV...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40072068 39912039 39302013 38461984 37561932=20
    36731859 36231827 35571843 35281882 35281945=20
    35572006 35812034 36392080 37342095 39002111=20
    39862104=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Dec 24 19:51:24 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 241951
    FFGMPD
    NVZ000-CAZ000-250600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1273
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    250 PM EST Wed Dec 24 2025

    Areas affected...Southern and Eastern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 241950Z - 250600Z

    SUMMARY...Heavy rainfall with dangerous and locally
    life-threatening flash flooding impacts will continue to impact
    portions of southern and eastern CA going into the evening hours
    as strong atmospheric river activity continues.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-W visible satellite imagery shows a significant
    atmospheric river bringing heavy rain across large areas of
    southern CA including the Los Angeles Basin, the adjacent high
    terrain of the Transverse Range, the southern Sierra Nevada and
    also adjacent interior desert valley locations. A deep
    full-latitude trough offshore of the West Coast continues to shift
    gradually eastward and is allowing for a cold front to advance
    inland through southern CA.

    This continues to help focus deep and very moist south-southwest
    flow up out of the eastern tropical-Pacific and across the region
    with enhanced IVT magnitudes of near 1000 kg/m/s aimed into
    portions of Los Angeles, Orange and San Bernadino Counties. This
    also includes the southwest facing slopes of the San Gabriel and
    San Bernadino Mountains where enhanced orographic ascent coupled
    with deep layer forcing and frontal convergence is yielding high
    rainfall rates of locally over 1"/hour.

    Over the next several hours, the cold front will continue to
    settle south and east, which will allow for heavy rain to arrive
    over the Peninsular Range of southern CA while also overspreading
    interior areas of eastern CA including some of the desert
    locations adjacent to the high terrain of the southern Sierra
    Nevada.

    The greatest short-term rainfall impacts and flash flooding
    concerns will likely be over Kern, Ventura, Los Angeles, Orange,
    and San Bernadino Counties, with eventually areas of Riverside and
    San Diego Counties getting into heavy rainfall later this
    afternoon and evening. Some of the rates for the aforementioned
    southwest facing slopes of the high terrain will continue to be
    locally near or over 1"/hour which is supported by the
    experimental WoFS guidance which has a particular focus over the
    next 6 hours across eastern parts of Los Angeles County, southwest
    parts of San Bernadino County, and also Orange County.

    Additional rainfall totals of 3 to 5+ inches going through late
    this evening will be possible for the orographically favored high
    terrain of southern CA, with as much as 1 to 3 inches elsewhere
    including portions of eastern CA near the southern Sierra Nevada.
    Some interior valley locations away from the terrain may even see
    as much as 1 inch of rain.

    Dangerous and locally life-threatening flash flooding is expected
    going into the evening hours across southern CA which include
    concerns for not only urban flash flooding, but also mud and
    landslide activity, and debris flows near and adjacent to the more
    sensitive burn scar locations. Areas of flash flooding will also
    be a concern for eastern CA where heavy rains here also contribute
    to enhanced runoff. This will include some open dry wash areas.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7iaagVot710bq-Swn8BA3WE_eOkheyqa6GwSFP3zaElDXOGKFOhl3OT5u2VyvOUtC3bb= n5cnUe0YP-mJZyyxD3M1o1M$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...PSR...SGX...VEF...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37091767 36531652 35781566 35011537 34351558=20
    33801566 33051589 32591620 32511726 33451806=20
    33651851 34151951 34821971 35921915 36921862=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Dec 25 08:04:13 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 250803
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-251800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1274
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    302 AM EST Thu Dec 25 2025

    Areas affected...portions of northern, central and southern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 250759Z - 251800Z

    SUMMARY...Another round of heavy rain will approach central and
    southern CA tonight into Christmas morning. Peak hourly rainfall
    of 0.5 to 1.0 inches is expected, with isolated hourly totals over
    1 inch. Due to recent heavy rainfall and areas of ongoing
    flooding, renewed areas of flood/flash flooding are likely from an
    additional 1 to 3 inches of rainfall (locally higher) through ~18Z.

    DISCUSSION...GOES West water vapor/infrared satellite imagery from
    07Z showed a mid-level vorticity max near 39N 127W with a
    southward extending trough axis, advancing toward the northeast. A
    surface low was associated with the vorticity max containing an
    attached occluded/cold front extending to the south. Infrared
    imagery and lightning data showed a line of showers/thunderstorms
    just ahead of the front, advancing closer to the central CA coast.
    This feature was located ahead of a broader closed low aloft, with
    steepening lapse rates in the 850-500 mb layer edging eastward
    central to northern CA.

    While the primary moisture axis from Wednesday has moved into the
    lower CO River Valley, layered PW imagery from OSPO showed a
    secondary moisture axis just ahead of the offshore cold front with
    blended TPW values of 0.8 to 0.9 inches. Instability along the
    coast and within the Sacramento/San Joaquin Valley was less than
    500 J/kg and should stay that way over the next 6-12 hours with
    some fluctuations up/down over time via recent RAP forecasts. RAP
    guidance also showed 850-700 mb winds from the south to
    south-southwest increasing into the 60-65 kt range from near San
    Francisco Bay to the northern Sacramento Valley ahead of the front
    which will likely be accompanied by a band of
    showers/thunderstorms sweeping inland containing peak hourly
    rainfall of 0.5 to 1.0 inches. The band will impact central to
    northern coastal locations first, followed by inland locations
    across the Sacramental Valley into the Sierra Nevada foothills.
    The band of heavy rain will also begin to advance southward down
    the Santa Lucia Range into the western Transverse Ranges between
    12Z and 18Z. Post-frontal low level axes of convergence could
    support additional narrow bands of showers/thunderstorms with
    brief training across central to northern CA locations with peak
    hourly rainfall near 0.5 inches.

    Through ~18Z, peak additional rainfall of 1 to 3 inches is
    expected (locally higher) for the Coastal Ranges into the Sierra
    Nevada foothills (below snow levels of ~5000 ft). This additional
    rainfall, coupled with brief high rates, should allow for areas of
    renewed flooding/flash flooding across urban/terrain and low-lying
    locations through 18Z. Due to saturated soils, the potential for landslides/debris flows will exist, including any sensitive burn
    scar locations.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9Fy7N2vCbkgdsoukSqdAcxFlbzgguN4-zro9adZVuZDI_-2AgrwuRP_VHaaYvYkSzowB= F8uDF9qksst-8nX1MlQ43cs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...HNX...LOX...MFR...MTR...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41222225 40912174 40102152 39872122 39182064=20
    38632033 37621963 36411861 36311931 36131974=20
    35721981 35191938 34581808 34011806 33771847=20
    33841954 34132068 34802148 35772178 37082281=20
    38992416 40242462 40682433 40842312=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Dec 25 18:13:09 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 251813
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-260600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1275
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    110 PM EST Thu Dec 25 2025

    Areas affected...Portions of Central and Southern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 251810Z - 260600Z

    SUMMARY...Additional atmospheric river surge to impact central and
    southern CA going into the evening hours. Locally heavy rainfall
    rates coupled with extremely sensitive conditions on the ground
    from previous rainfall will promote additional areas of flash
    flooding with locally dangerous and life-threatening impacts
    possible.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-W visible satellite imagery shows a secondary
    cold front and associated atmospheric river surge advancing down
    across areas of central and southern CA with a particular focus on
    the Transverse Range and nearby areas of the Los Angeles Basin.
    While this surge of moisture is certainly more modest compared to
    yesterday, the additional rainfall associated with this will be
    falling on areas that have seen as much as 6 to 12+ inches of rain
    over the last 36 hours, and especially in the San Gabriel and San
    Bernadino Mountains.

    The latest CW3E IVT analyses suggest as much as 500 kg/m/s of IVT
    will be moving through the Transverse Range and Los Angeles Basin
    region going through this afternoon and into at least the early
    part of this evening. Lesser magnitudes will continue to impact
    areas farther north extending into the southern Sierra Nevada.
    There is some meaningful instability with MUCAPE values near 500
    J/kg situated along the offshore portion of the front, and the
    latest GOES-W and CMORPH2 microwave-driven data does show some
    convective showers with heavier rainfall rates offshore. These
    showers are likely to move inland over the next several hours, and
    the orthogonal orientation of the low to mid-level flow in general
    relative to the terrain should further support locally enhanced
    rainfall rates.

    A look at the 12Z HREF guidance and experimental guidance
    including the latest NSSL/MPAS and WoFS solutions suggests a slow
    southeast advance of shower activity down into the Los Angeles
    Basin along with the adjacent terrain. Some rainfall rates going
    through early this evening are likely to exceed a 0.50"/hour with
    some spotty, but stronger convective showers near the terrain
    potentially fostering rates as high as 1"/hour. Additional
    rainfall totals going through early this evening may reach as high
    as 2 to 4 inches over the higher terrain, with 1 to 2 inches in
    the lower elevations.

    Given the new rounds of heavy rainfall, and extremely sensitive
    antecedent conditions, additional areas of flash flooding are
    likely with potential for dangerous and life-threatening impacts.
    This will include localized urban flash flooding concerns, a
    threat for new mud and rockslide activity, and also debris flows
    near and adjacent to any burn scar areas.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9tCd1fNUm3drPEqqNgsb-dyEzZuFTsPMoi3SvR4sV8id1rDF_qoI-bDx33w-rZvHuMCg= pTnQ6c56bFOr857iq0_-lF0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...MTR...SGX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37191917 36801870 36261839 35631845 35031837=20
    34701782 34331738 33891750 33751824 33851892=20
    34211976 34382045 34732060 35202058 35902039=20
    36871969=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Dec 25 21:08:07 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 252108
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-260900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1276
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    405 PM EST Thu Dec 25 2025

    Areas affected...Portions of Central and Northern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 252105Z - 260900Z

    SUMMARY...New rounds of heavy showers and thunderstorms are
    expected this afternoon through this evening for areas of central
    and northern CA, including the Bay Area. Given the saturated soil
    conditions and high streamflows, additional areas of flooding and
    flash flooding are likely.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-W IR/WV suite shows a deep upper
    trough and associated closed low offshore of the West Coast.
    Shortwave impulses continue to round the base of the trough and
    take aim on central and northern CA, with each impulse effectively
    driving renewed atmospheric river activity into the state.

    Solar insolation has facilitated sufficient levels of boundary
    layer heating across the northern portions of the Central Valley
    to result in SBCAPE values as high as 500 to 750 J/kg. This
    heating coupled with relatively divergent flow aloft downstream of
    the deep offshore upper trough/closed 500 mb low center will
    facilitate an increase in convective showers in the near-term
    across sizable areas of the Central Valley. Some locally organized line-segments will be possible given the elevated bulk shear
    parameters (30 to 50 kts), and this actually may become aligned
    with the deep layer flow for some periodic instances of
    cell-training.

    However, of greater significance will be the approach of a
    well-organized shortwave impulse rounding the base of the upper
    trough heading into the early evening hours. This shortwave energy
    which is well-depicted by the axis of cold convective cloud tops
    in IR satellite imagery along 125W to 130W will be ejecting
    northeast toward the northern CA coastal ranges in the 00Z to 03Z
    time frame, including the Bay Area. Thereafter, this new surge of
    energy and related Pacific-moisture transport should eject into
    the Central Valley and Sierra Nevada foothills. The coastal ranges
    and Sacramento Valley in particular will see the greatest IVT
    magnitudes. The 12Z GFS/ECMWF solutions suggest IVT values
    reaching into the 500 to 600 kg/m/s range with the aid of stronger
    low to mid-level southwest flow.

    The combination of this along with large-scale forcing/shear and
    at least modest boundary layer instability should set the stage
    for more organized bands of convection to approach the coastal
    ranges and then advance inland going into the evening hours. Heavy
    rainfall rates of 0.50" to 1"+/hour will be likely with these new
    rounds of heavy shower and thunderstorm activity.

    Additional rainfall totals by late this evening of 2 to 3 inches
    will be possible locally for the coastal ranges and especially the
    upslope areas of the northern Sierra Nevada foothills. Lesser
    totals of as much as 1 to 2 inches cannot ruled out in at least
    parts of the Sacramento Valley. By late this evening, this latest
    surge of energy and moisture should settle farther south into
    coastal ranges south of the Bay Area and adjacent areas of the
    Central Valley.

    Given the saturated soil conditions and high streamflows, these
    additional rains are likely to result in more areas of areal
    flooding and flash flooding, which will include urban flooding
    impacts (San Francisco, Sacramento, Chico and Redding all at risk)
    along with localized mud and landslide activity near areas of
    higher terrain.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-ottk6EO9X3DhmXLkaq_LhrYqExDpVA8k2z7-Xyqo_Zc6oWbZCMKZU6FtSSO45tk8kVr= vCEtkGhTo7CKh2iK1cj_1jE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...HNX...LOX...MFR...MTR...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41192196 40352163 39952136 39572073 39012031=20
    38592000 37901945 37291920 36791979 35902040=20
    35112065 35182118 35912190 37202260 37972308=20
    39012405 39682433 40372428 40802375 40872295=20
    41122238=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Dec 26 06:14:43 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 260614
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-261000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1277
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    113 AM EST Fri Dec 26 2025

    Areas affected...western Transverse Ranges / southern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 260612Z - 261000Z

    SUMMARY...Localized flash flooding is likely to continue across
    the western Transverse Ranges through 10Z (2 AM PST). Peak hourly
    rainfall of 0.5 to 1.0 inches and additional rainfall over the
    next 4 hours of 1 to 2 inches is expected, mainly from eastern
    Santa Barbara into Ventura counties.

    DISCUSSION...MRMS reflectivity and local gauge reports showed
    moderate to heavy rain continued to track across the Channel
    Islands into the western Transverse Ranges. Hourly rainfall has
    varied between 0.5 and 1.0 inches since 00Z and 3-hr totals ranged
    from roughly 0.75 to 1.5 inches ending 06Z, mainly within central
    Ventura County. This region of the western Transverse Ranges has
    been situated within a relative max in precipitable water values
    between 1.0 and 1.2 inches with a localized max observed on OSPO
    Layered PW imagery from the surface to ~500 mb pointed into the
    western Transverse Ranges. 850-700 mb layer winds were from the S
    to SSW at 25-40 kt with little change over the past few hours. The
    00Z VBG sounding and more recent aircraft-derived soundings showed
    instability was weak (MLCAPE less than or equal to 250 J/kg) and
    shallow, limiting lightning potential.

    Nearly stationary to perhaps slow eastward translation is forecast
    for the moisture axis through 10Z, out ahead of a larger scale
    mid/upper level trough axis over the eastern Pacific. Therefore,
    similar ingredients should remain in place for the region with
    850-700 mb winds between 25-40 kt supporting IVT values between
    300-500 kg/m/s. Weak/shallow instability combined with orographic
    ascent into the terrain will continue to favor peak hourly
    rainfall of 0.5 to 1.0 inches. Additional rainfall through 10Z of
    1-2 inches is expected (mainly within eastern Santa Barbara into
    Ventura County) which is likely to maintain localized flash
    flooding due to saturated soils and the majority of additional
    rainfall becoming runoff.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7xdk377ew3-HfJXl6wWFOeZ5TCj1i389a59mUWjUuYeZNMCESE3gRtvArR_MIkdiH-sG= PqIOgdVI09d7-rdd3wKjnfM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35222013 34881960 34961930 34941907 34771869=20
    34691858 34181855 33921903 34241965 34402042=20
    34842055=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Dec 26 08:59:15 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 260859
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-261800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1278
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    358 AM EST Fri Dec 26 2025

    Areas affected...eastern Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys into
    Sierra Nevada Foothills

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 260856Z - 261800Z

    SUMMARY...A localized concern for additional flooding/flash
    flooding will exist across portions of the Sacramento and San
    Joaquin Valleys into the Sierra Nevada foothills through roughly
    18Z. Peak hourly rainfall of 0.25 to 0.5 inches will be possible,
    along with isolated hourly rainfall in excess of 0.5 inches.

    DISCUSSION...Area radar imagery from 0845Z showed scattered
    showers extending from the southern Sacramento Valley into the
    northern San Joaquin Valley and eastward into the Sierra Nevada.
    RAP analysis data and GPS-derived PWs ranged from 0.5 to 0.9
    inches and 850-700 mb winds were 30-50 kt from the southwest. Low
    level convergence has helped to focus a couple of SW to NE
    oriented axes of showers with brief training and hourly rainfall
    locally in excess of 0.5 inches per MRMS data. However,
    surrounding gauge data and a vast majority of the region contained
    peak hourly rainfall in the 0.25 to 0.50 inch range.

    As a longwave upper level trough axis over the eastern Pacific
    continues to translate eastward over the next 12 hours, total PW
    values and 850-700 mb wind speeds are forecast to gradually lower
    through 18Z which should have the effect of reducing higher hourly
    rainfall potential. Snow levels varied from 5000 ft (northern
    locations) to 8000 ft (southern locations) across the Sierra
    Nevada and lowering of these values will occur as the upper trough
    and colder air moves inland today. Until then however, localized
    potential will remain for brief areas of heavy rain with an
    additional 1-2 inches expected for some locations through 18Z. Due
    to largely saturated soils in many locations from recent heavy
    rainfall, additional heavy rainfall may lead to isolated
    flood/flash flooding including the possibility of
    landslides/mudslides.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!45fiue6QPyLVEwXtDh44fVO0rFR_8ROvcippO1XrAHZq_0Qqenz0GymvvfOdP477gfGz= 6QOztOkgmfg_Ye0ShoHvXw8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39552097 39132068 38832050 38532036 38082008=20
    37741980 37371944 36931893 36101864 35491856=20
    35401886 35721919 36281965 37002024 37722093=20
    38682127 39302143=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Dec 26 09:37:47 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 260937
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-261900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1279
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    437 AM EST Fri Dec 26 2025

    Areas affected...northern CA coast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 260935Z - 261900Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated pockets of showers containing hourly rainfall
    in the 0.25 to 0.5 inch range will continue a limited threat for
    flooding/flash flooding across portions of the northern CA coast
    through about 19Z.

    DISCUSSION...0930Z water vapor imagery from GOES West showed a
    mid-level low/vorticity max ~150 miles west of Cape Mendocino,
    slowly advancing easGPS PWstward toward the northern CA coast.
    GPS-derived PW values along the northern CA coast were 0.4 to 0.6
    inches with 850-700 mb mean layer winds peaking near 40 kt from
    the southwest. Increasing ascent ahead of the approaching low to
    mid-level low and a subtle increase in IVT values (up to ~350
    kg/m/s) are expected to bring yet another round of locally heavy
    rain to the region through the remainder of the night into the
    late morning.

    Peak hourly rainfall of 0.25 to 0.50 inches will be possible as
    the low approaches where weak and shallow MLCAPE up to ~500 J/kg
    will be present per recent RAP forecasts. While these rates are
    not typically a problem for the climatologically wet northern CA
    coast, 7-day rainfall values are well above average and saturated
    to nearly saturated soils could be sensitive to additional
    rainfall. There will be potential for an additional inch or so of
    rain through 19Z which may result in isolated landslides/mudslides
    and/or urban flooding through the rest of the morning hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9Vw0XqGFU03csV-wfMBmpT0d0WXdFw0HrhGqWokZzyE-GZOTnBx0SSfHr-uFvB6MrfzX= sbgMD0ba3LMH2B4sF7Hvwd4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...MTR...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41252417 41232369 40852368 40352349 40052341=20
    39722325 39282297 38762261 38562324 38892388=20
    39392423 40222470 40722458 41112433=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Dec 26 09:43:49 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 260943
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-261900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1279...Corrected
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    443 AM EST Fri Dec 26 2025

    Corrected for typo and addition within first paragraph

    Areas affected...northern CA coast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 260935Z - 261900Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated pockets of showers containing hourly rainfall
    in the 0.25 to 0.5 inch range will continue a limited threat for
    flooding/flash flooding across portions of the northern CA coast
    through about 19Z.

    DISCUSSION...0930Z water vapor imagery from GOES West showed a
    mid-level low/vorticity max ~150 miles west of Cape Mendocino,
    slowly advancing eastward toward the northern CA coast.
    GPS-derived PW values along the northern CA coast were 0.4 to 0.6
    inches with 850-700 mb mean layer winds peaking near 40 kt from
    the southwest. While the corresponding surface low (992 mb) is
    expected to weaken over the next 6-12 hours, increasing ascent
    ahead of the approaching low to mid-level low and a subtle
    increase in IVT values (up to ~350 kg/m/s) are expected to bring
    yet another round of locally heavy rain to the region through the
    remainder of the night into the late morning.

    Peak hourly rainfall of 0.25 to 0.50 inches will be possible as
    the low approaches where weak and shallow MLCAPE up to ~500 J/kg
    will be present per recent RAP forecasts. While these rates are
    not typically a problem for the climatologically wet northern CA
    coast, 7-day rainfall values are well above average and saturated
    to nearly saturated soils could be sensitive to additional
    rainfall. There will be potential for an additional inch or so of
    rain through 19Z which may result in isolated landslides/mudslides
    and/or urban flooding through the rest of the morning hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7cUis92kCnAv1SYIX1BnkZfC8PO2z0muo6pS5fcSJJR-u8sv3L0rZAz7Zy5cTv2v7Azu= HfhxekhLcAPq-eldFmJi8x8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...MTR...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41252417 41232369 40852368 40352349 40052341=20
    39722325 39282297 38762261 38562324 38892388=20
    39392423 40222470 40722458 41112433=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Dec 26 10:35:47 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 261035
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-262000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1280
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    535 AM EST Fri Dec 26 2025

    Areas affected...Transverse Ranges to southern CA coast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 261034Z - 262000Z

    SUMMARY...Areas of flash flooding will continue to affect portions
    of the Transverse Ranges to the coast overnight into the late
    morning hours. Hourly rainfall values of 0.5 to 1.0 inches
    (locally higher) are likely which will maintain concerns for
    impacts including landslides/debris flows and urban flooding.

    DISCUSSION...1015Z radar imagery combined with local mesonet and
    personal weather observations out of southern CA continued to show
    areas of heavy rain within a narrow axis from the offshore waters
    into mainly Ventura County. Hourly rainfall over 1 inch has been
    observed in Ventura County with 3-hour totals of 1 to 2+ inches.
    Local Wunderground gauges showed a couple of 30 minute rainfall
    values over 0.5 inches within the past 2-3 hours near Ojai. These
    rains were associated with a slow moving low level convergence
    axis (remnant frontal boundary) that was oriented SSW to NNE
    across Ventura County with PW values of 1.0 to 1.2 inches along
    the coast and SSW 850-700 mb winds of 25-35 kt. Enhanced
    divergence aloft may also be contributing to increased rainfall
    intensity over the region, within the right-entrance region of a
    150 kt jet streak aloft located over the Sierra Nevada.

    Short term forecasts from the RAP show the low level convergence
    axis and localized max in IVT values (up to 500 kg/m/s) slowly
    advancing eastward over the next 6-9 hours. The result will be
    localized high rain rates into the terrain, slowly shifting east,
    given the favorable orthogonal orientation of the low level winds
    to the axis of terrain. Hourly rainfall of 0.5 to 1.0+ inches
    should advance eastward from Ventura County into Los Angeles
    County through 15Z, possibly clearing Los Angeles County after
    roughly 17Z. While the greatest potential for these higher rates
    will be in the upslope favored terrain, shallow/weak instability
    up to ~250 J/kg and short term training could support 0.5+ inch
    hourly rainfall into the lower elevation urban areas as well.
    Additional rainfall of 1 to 3 inches will be possible through 20Z
    with potential for higher impact localized flash flooding over
    sensitive burn scar locations in and around the Los Angeles metro.
    Given heavy rain over the past 2 days, many locations contain
    saturated soils with additional rainfall likely translating
    directly into runoff. With this rainfall, there will be the
    potential for dangerous travel and life-threatening impacts from
    flooding.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-LZMtVUrN3iB_BZn50erNlgWuVFx2Gz-S7kpwOFNwFuPHWglkqMScRyfzLUyJeQPHOuE= N6Uq6vXg3BsEMf321O9Vt3M$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...SGX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34811863 34471778 34201694 33671672 33361764=20
    33471824 33761916 34071955 34451952 34761922=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Dec 28 10:03:15 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 281003
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-MOZ000-IAZ000-281600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 1281
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    502 AM EST Sun Dec 28 2025

    Areas affected...northern MO/southeastern IA/north-central
    IL/northwestern IN

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 281000Z - 281600Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated flash flooding will be possible from portions
    of northern MO, southeastern IA into north-central IL and
    northwestern IN through 16Z (10 AM CST). Rainfall of 1 to 2 inches
    in an hour will be possible with isolated 3 to 6 hour totals of
    2-3 inches.

    DISCUSSION...0945Z radar imagery Midwest showed scattered showers
    and embedded thunderstorms from northern MO, southern IA and
    central IL, located north of a quasi-stationary front that
    extended eastward from a 998 mb low just west of Salina, KS. SW to
    WSW 850 mb winds of 30-50 kt were in place to the east of the
    surface low with overrunning occurring atop the frontal boundary.
    OSPO ALPW imagery showed low level moisture rapidly advecting
    northward into the central U.S. beneath a plume of mid to upper
    level moisture with origins in the tropical eastern Pacific. Total
    PW values were estimated to be between 1.1 and 1.4 inches (SPC
    mesoanalysis) from eastern KS into western IN, which equate to +4
    to +5 standardized anomalies. The low level moisture return was
    allowing for the northward advection of instability and erosion of
    low level CINH amid 700-500 mb lapse rates of 7.0 to 7.5 C/km,
    supporting MUCAPE of 500-1500 J/kg from eastern KS into
    western/central MO via 09Z SPC mesoanalysis data. This change in
    the thermodynamic environment has been reflected in recent
    infrared satellite imagery showing bursts of colder cloud tops
    over northern MO and far southern IA.

    As the surface low over central KS moves eastward early this
    morning, strengthening low level flow will translate into MO and
    IL with 850 mb speeds locally exceeding 50 kt. Convergence at the
    nose of 925-850 mb moisture transport will align WSW to ENE or
    parallel to the mean steering flow. This will set up narrow axes
    of heavy rainfall with training and potential for hourly rainfall
    between 1 and 2 inches. The best overlap of low level convergence
    with moisture/instability will be from northern MO into
    north-central IL and northwestern IN through 16Z. Isolated
    flash/urban flooding may result from 2-3 inches of rain in 2-3
    hours. However, a lack of precipitation for this region of the
    U.S. over the past couple of weeks (lower than average soil
    moisture) and warmer than average temperatures (no/negligible
    frost depth) should limit runoff. Therefore, any flash flood
    concerns will likely be minor and remain limited to urban or
    sensitive low lying areas.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_YG17WL1A4Ubdi67KFfO43e18ICjEG2HKhTFDp5vHXyUA4EeS62zo9t6AgrSOJoLIuD2= e1GJtSo6yTGe-RHU4VJf4oo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DMX...DVN...EAX...ILX...IND...IWX...LOT...LSX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42178726 41658634 40918612 40448688 40038825=20
    39629015 39199219 39289312 39699398 40409379=20
    41329161 42118904=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jan 1 09:58:17 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 010958
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-011800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0001
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    457 AM EST Thu Jan 01 2026

    Areas affected...Southern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 011000Z - 011800Z

    SUMMARY...Flash flooding is possible from the Coastal Range to the
    Transverse Ranges where soils remain sensitive and saturated.
    Localized urban flash flooding around the greater Los Angeles
    metro area is also possible this morning.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-19 satellite imagery shows a compact 500mb low
    embedded within an increasingly negative 200-500mb mean trough
    located west of CA. This upper trough is working in concert with a
    700mb ridge near Cabo San Lucas to direct a highly anomalous plume
    of moisture into not only CA but much of the western U.S.. PWATs
    along the CA coast this morning are topping 1.25" and are above
    the 99th climatological percentile. IVT is also topping 500 kg/m/s
    and winds are out of the SW, which is supportive of some upslope
    enhancement along orthogonally-oriented terrain from the Coastal
    Range on south and east through the Transverse Ranges. As the
    triple point of an occluded low approaches, so will the nose of a
    500mb jet streak and low-level winds will strengthen off the
    coast. Steepening mid-level lapse rates are expected as the
    upper-low approaches and 00Z HREF guidance does show as much as
    250 J/kg of MUCAPE potentially available as far north as Big Sur
    this morning as a result.

    06Z HREF guidance shows high chance probabilities (>70%) for 6-hr
    rainfall totals >2" between 12-18Z along the San Bernadino
    Mountains and low-to-moderate chances (30-50%) along the San
    Gabriel. These are the mountain ranges most susceptible to
    potential flash flooding in wake of last week's significant flood
    event and lingering burn scars. As the the dry slot quickly moves
    in by 18Z, the core of the heaviest rainfall should move north and
    east with only lingering upslope flow keeping periods of rain
    around the Transverse and Peninsular Ranges. Given the low FFG's
    and sensitive soils in the higher terrain, as well as locally
    heavy rainfall rates around the highly urbanized Los Angeles metro
    area, flash flooding is possible this New Year's Day morning. Note
    that rock slides and debris flows are also possible in the
    Transverse Ranges where soils and burn scars are highly sensitive.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-pdJyxrIMrPLOD6igfuFQaU8Rv3UjlFuGAZequATOa06undIguDAQQi2SQYpTIG3hqbn= eJxporhP2q85F16qxrDgius$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...MTR...SGX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36632190 36542164 36222137 35922107 35642076=20
    35252039 35022004 34881962 34851903 34941860=20
    34781831 34491824 34481790 34491738 34371706=20
    34221696 34061748 33891770 33651837 33821908=20
    34241954 34332017 34392067 35062099 35792164=20
    36092200 36412207=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jan 1 15:21:51 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 011521
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-012120-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0002
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1020 AM EST Thu Jan 01 2026

    Areas affected...portions of southern California

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 011520Z - 012120Z

    Summary...Deep convection along and ahead of a surface cold front
    located about 85 miles west of San Diego will continue to foster a
    flash flood risk across the discussion area through 21Z/1p Pacific
    Time.

    Discussion...Areas of deep convection persist especially in/near terrain-favored upslope regions of the discussion area currently.=20
    The convection was being supported by mid-level cooling (which has
    fostered a pool of ~250 J/kg SBCAPE over Pacific and near-coastal
    regions of the discussion area), orographic ascent (sponsored by
    25-30 knot 850mb flow against Transverse and Peninsular coastal
    ranges), and 1-1.3 inch PW values - supporting efficient rainfall
    processes in/near convective activity. Recent MRMS/observational
    data depicts an uptick of rain rates in both Los Angeles Metro
    (into the 0.4 inch/hr range) and across San Diego County (where
    0.5-0.8 inch/hr rates were estimated). These rain rates were
    occuring over urban areas and near sensitive terrain from prior
    flash flood impacts, burn scars, and terrain. Flash flooding
    remains possible in these areas in the short term.

    Models/observations suggest that the aforementioned Pacific cold
    front will traverse the region from west to east and bring a
    substantial decrease in flood/flash flood potential over time.=20
    For the Los Angeles area and Transverse Ranges, this risk will
    likely extend into the 18-20Z timeframe before decreasing some.=20
    The front will take a bit longer to cross San Diego and adjacent
    Peninsular Ranges (around 21Z or so). Flash flooding will remain
    possible through the aforementioned timeframes.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6E_IiCTFWyRPvFYk288JNEQ4usNjEugJcYFb_BEOQMvQUtQtZ-envxiDu0hzGaAhh2h-= leCiEekM3pcilfnc8-zSexU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HNX...LOX...PSR...SGX...VEF...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35241857 35091802 34771717 34251662 33621619=20
    32831597 32531613 32461695 32551746 33081815=20
    33981872 34691879=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 3 09:01:14 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 030901
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-031800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0003
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    400 AM EST Sat Jan 03 2026

    Areas affected...The Western Transverse Ranges of Southern
    California

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 030900Z - 031800Z

    SUMMARY...Flash flooding is likely across the Western Transverse
    Ranges this morning as rainfall rates to 1 inch/hour lead to flash
    flooding and landslides, especially around burn scars.

    DISCUSSION...A highly dynamic weather pattern has set up across
    portions of California. A deep upper level low and associated
    upper level shortwave are approaching the West Coast. The
    shortwave is tapping into a moisture plume set up off the coast of
    Mexico and advecting some deeper tropical moisture towards the
    coast. PWATs will be increasing to over 1 inch, which is 2.5 sigma
    above normal for this time of year. Thus, as a series of surface
    fronts (not shown) approach, the addition of upper level energy
    from the shortwave and abnormal moisture will allow for rainfall
    rates to increase to up to 1 inch per hour into the western
    Transverse Ranges this morning.

    850 mb southerly flow of 20-30 kts will support increasing upslope
    enhancement of the rainfall, which will support the heavier
    rainfall locally from Lompoc east through Oxnard, including Santa
    Barbara. NASA Sport imagery shows soils are above the 90th
    percentile compared to climatology across the area. Thus, a brief
    period of heavier rain rates, expected later this morning, should
    be all that is needed to fully saturate the soils. Additional
    rainfall from there will quickly convert to runoff. This runoff
    will fill small streams and creeks, as well as increase the
    potential for landslides. Downstream flash flooding, particularly
    below the numerous burn scars in the area, is likely through this
    morning. The area of heavy rainfall, while progressive, will still
    be slow to track eastward down the coast. Any one area should see
    anywhere from 3 to 6 hours of rain, heavy at times, before the
    plume moves off to the east.

    The latest CAMs guidance suggests that by the time the area of
    heavy rain arrives into the heart of the Los Angeles basin this
    afternoon, it should both be weakening and narrowing. Thus, while
    Los Angeles is expected to pick up some rain later this afternoon,
    rainfall rates are not expected to be quite as heavy, so impacts
    should be somewhat limited.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-sz0p95xYO4NyQz7eawzmC7FC3Xcj-GxL5rzwc8o3o2CAHu5PvVWlLlY6cl-vNBdB_cr= QJlP1sRs0SX0ITy5ulgmzI4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LOX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35572092 35572058 35572025 35462016 35311989=20
    35091962 34861946 34751915 34641845 34521835=20
    34121866 34001899 34161953 34392077 35432121=20
    35492116=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 3 17:52:48 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 031752
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-040200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0004
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1251 PM EST Sat Jan 03 2026

    Areas affected...Southern CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 031750Z - 040200Z

    SUMMARY...Excessive Rainfall rates around 1"/hr will likely lead
    to additional flash flooding along the Coastal Range and Topatopa
    Mountains today where soils are sensitive due to recent heavy
    rainfall. Burn scars in the area are also prone to flash flooding
    and debris flows. Localized urban-induced flash flooding may occur
    in the suburbs north and west of Los Angeles

    DISCUSSION...Doppler Radar shows a narrow band of
    moderate-to-heavy rain oriented SW-to-NE over the Santa Ynez and
    San Rafael Mountains. A narrow squall line ahead of the cold front
    is also analyzed just west of Santa Barbara where a couple rain
    gauges southeast of Solvang have reported ~1"/hr rainfall totals.
    Aside from the squall, most 1-hour rainfall observations show
    0.5" totals as the band of heavy rain marches east towards Santa
    Barbara. Some 3-hr totals have reached 1.75", which also coincides
    with 1-hr averaged rainfall rates just over 0.5". This ribbon of
    rainfall is embedded just ahead of an approaching cold front with
    the warm sector approaching the Santa Barbara Channel. As the warm
    front collides with the western Transverse Ranges, a sliver of
    100-250 J/kg of MUCAPE will become available within a highly
    saturated atmosphere. Latest RAP forecast soundings near Oxnard
    show PWATs approaching 1.25" (above the 97.5 climatological
    percentile) and a fully saturated warm-cloud layer that is 9,000ft
    deep. Latest 12Z HREF probabilistic guidance does show moderate
    chances (40-60%) for 6-hour rainfall totals >3" over the Topatopa
    Mountains in Ventura County with similar probabilities along the
    Santa Ynez just north of Santa Barbara.

    As the frontal system moves east, so will the shield of heavy
    rainfall as it heads for the L.A. metro area. However, PWATs
    approaching 1.25" will retreat over off the coast and 850mb winds
    south of L.A. will tend to be weaker than the >30kt winds farther
    west. Therefore, rainfall rates should struggle to get much higher
    than 0.5"/hr except for the mountain ranges to the north and west
    where upslope enhancement will play a big role. In terms of
    impacts, the Santa Ynez, San Rafael, and Topatopa are of greatest
    concern given their lingering high soil moisture content (>95th
    soil moisture percentile in sfc-100 cm layer) and burn scars in
    these ranges. Debris flows and rock slides cannot be ruled out,
    particularly within burn scars. As for the urbanized communities,
    recent heavy rainfall has made soils sensitive and the greater
    concentration in hydrophobic surfaces naturally provides some
    flash flood concerns. Given the decreasing rates this afternoon,
    however, any flash flooding would generally be ponding on roads
    that could pose a hydroplane threat for motorists. In summary, the
    mountains north and west of L.A. are likely to witness additional
    flash flooding today, although localized flash flooding in more
    urbanized settings north and west of L.A. cannot be fully ruled
    out.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-7HaO-2_1JAsI4qeaTRyryPz2LAxCyYFSoB0xzT6DK0BMumMO9tgiqjxmTRaGq3lfeD3= Kt9uO69SZ7BkF6l3r30Lzy4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LOX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35201980 34861950 34741920 34761878 34731841=20
    34471830 34191839 33971867 34151933 34281964=20
    34331992 34402043 34712047 35142022=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Jan 4 20:35:33 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 042035
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-050400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0005
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    334 PM EST Sun Jan 04 2026

    Areas affected...Southern CA Coastal Mountains

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 042030Z - 050400Z

    SUMMARY...Narrow squall of heavy rain and embedded thunderstorms
    may produce rainfall rates up to 1"/hr. Given the highly saturated
    and sensitive soils along the Coastal Range and Santa Ynez
    mountains, flash flooding and mudslides are possible again this
    afternoon.

    DISCUSSION...Doppler Radar showed a potent squall line approaching
    Vandenberg AFB at 20Z moving east ahead of a weakening cold front.
    Compared to yesterday, PWATs are generally topping out between
    0.9-1.0" within the squall, a little less than yesterday. However,
    these values are still above the 90th climatological percentile
    and RAP mesoanalysis also shows the southern CA coast has >250
    J/kg of MUCAPE at these storms disposal. In addition, these
    squalls have upper-level support as the are located beneath the
    right-entrance region of a 120kt 250mb jet streak located over the
    central Sierra Nevada. Lastly, 925-700mb winds remain out of the
    SW and generally between 20-30kts, which is just strong enough and
    oriented favorably enough to support some upslope enhancement into
    the Coastal Range and Santa Ynez. With anomalous moisture,
    sufficient instability, beneficial synoptic-scale ascent, and
    topographic enhancement, these storms are likely to produce
    locally heavy rainfall as they move east.

    The soil sensitivities in the region have only grown worse since
    yesterday. MRMS CREST soil saturation over southern Santa Barbara
    County is over 85% and most locations within the highlighted
    at-risk area are over 50%. A recent FFW near Ventura referenced an
    LSR that mentioned more issues along highway 101 with one vehicle
    stuck in mud. That band of rainfall produced roughly 1.3" in under
    3 hours near Red Mountain and prompted flash flooding/mudslide
    issues. This approaching squall is more potent, however it is also
    progressive, which should help limit the extent of the flash flood
    potential. That said, the recent FFW near Ventura captures the
    most notable concern-- soils and burn scars in the area are highly
    sensitive and even hourly rates of 0.50-0.75" in an hour could
    prompt flash flooding and mud slides in the Santa Ynez. Expect
    rainfall totals to surpass 1" in the mountains which could be
    enough to trigger more flash flooding in southern Santa Barbara
    county this afternoon. Given the lingering instability and forcing
    aloft, additional cells could flare up over the Santa Barbara
    channel this afternoon and pose a flash flood threat into this
    evening.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5Qm--u4W-pSVK6xYxIwpTyDdgOjKxMsGhyoJ2zRpUOLE5MDP6Vdh9MaSfyAvfcYSvvwp= xwMHw3UfdSvE1h9YTlIJdRg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LOX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35682058 35402035 35091995 34881962 34761913=20
    34721859 34521867 34291923 34271965 34241980=20
    34311997 34412060 34552073 34962083 35222099=20
    35542098=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Jan 5 18:56:45 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 051856
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-060400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0006
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    156 PM EST Mon Jan 05 2026

    Areas affected...north-central CA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 051854Z - 060400Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated flood/flash flood impacts will be possible
    across portions of central to northern CA through the late
    evening. Peak hourly rainfall of 0.50 to 0.75 inches and peak
    additional total rainfall of 2 to 3 inches (locally higher
    possible) can be expected through 06Z.

    DISCUSSION...GOES West 6.9 micron imagery showed a mid-level
    vorticity max/closed low centered near 36.6N 127.0W at 18Z,
    embedded within a larger scale trough axis off of the West Coast.
    At the surface, low pressure was located ~70 miles northwest of
    Point Arena, with a cold front extending south and southwest. Over
    the past few hours bands of moderate to heavy rain have been
    observed moving across the northern CA Coastal Ranges with current
    radar imagery showing an axis of locally heavy rain oriented SSW
    to NNE into the North Bay region of San Francisco. In addition,
    infrared imagery showed a band of colder cloud tops just ahead of
    the cold front where weak MLCAPE values up to ~250 J/kg were
    estimated by short term RAP forecasts and SPC mesoanalysis data.

    850-700 mb winds were from the southwest at 30 to 40 kt ahead of
    the offshore trough axis into north-central CA with PWAT values
    ranging from 0.6 inches within the northern Sacramento Valley to
    about 0.9 inches just west of San Francisco Bay. Short term
    guidance is in good agreement with the track of the mid-level
    vorticity max/closed low slowly advancing toward the CA coast
    between Point Arena and San Francisco through about 03Z at which
    point stalling and eventual southward translation are forecast.
    The effect of these larger scale features will translate at the
    surface to a SSW to NNE band of heavy rain advancing eastward
    toward the central CA coast with embedded peak hourly rainfall
    between 0.5 and 0.75 inches (locally higher possible) through the
    afternoon and evening. Hourly rainfall up to about 0.5 inches in
    an hour will be likely for the northern Sacramento Valley where
    weak MLCAPE values up to 250 J/kg area forecast by the RAP from
    about 00Z-04Z.

    Recent heavy rainfall has left this region of CA more susceptible
    to heavy rainfall compared to normal, and there will be the
    typical enhancement of heavy rain impacts in and around the San
    Francisco Bay region to contend with. Within areas of higher
    terrain, localized landslides/rockslides will be possible and
    flooding of creeks, streams, urban areas and other
    low-lying/flood-prone locations will remain possible through about
    04Z. Beyond 04Z, low level winds are likely to weaken and orient
    more parallel to the coastline, diminishing the potential for
    flooding impacts across the region.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5yfdRhNsr5-w98AcBLIkgKfg5dwl82xgBx00_2ai_nPnbtaLIKpLyJFPncQgplhC3Gld= GFEcRSBOU4e1ZIqU2XZx8Rg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EKA...MTR...STO...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41122240 41062196 40692174 40362164 39812141=20
    39542172 38992204 38132212 37402214 36942223=20
    36952281 37572330 38122362 38962364 39842330=20
    40422311 40932275=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jan 9 09:13:41 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 090913
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-091501-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0007
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    412 AM EST Fri Jan 09 2026

    Areas affected...Central Mississippi...Eastern and Northeastern
    Louisiana...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 090911Z - 091501Z

    SUMMARY...Flattening steering flow to support segmented training
    corridors across the Lower Mississippi River Valley.=20
    Strengthening convergence and modestly unstable and seasonably
    moist air should support rain rates to 1.75" and localized streaks
    of 2-4" in 1-3hrs. Suggesting localized flash flooding is
    possible this morning to start a longer day of repeat
    thunderstorms.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV suite shows mature/decaying shortwave
    rapidly elongating and sliding northeast through the central Great
    Lakes with a well defined broadly anticyclonically curved
    subtropical jet streak across Texas through KY/TN with a stronger
    base of the northern stream synoptic trough well upstream emerging
    into the southern High Plains. The strong flow and upper-level
    dynamic support has resulted in well above normal moisture flux
    across the Mississippi River Valley into the Great Lakes; CIRA LPW
    denotes core of higher moisture/theta-E air over the West Gulf is
    advancing into the entrance of the eastern US atmospheric river
    stream. Surface to 850mb values are nearing 1" and is noted with
    surface Tds in the upper 60s to even spots of 70 across the Lower
    MS Valley.=20

    The overall orientation of the upper-level flow is supporting a
    pre-frontal confluence zone across E LA at this time, providing
    sufficient deep layer convergence to tap the weakly unstable air.
    MLCAPEs are analyzed from 500-1000 J/kg through the Sabine River
    Valley into the Delta Region of SE AR and W MS. Flux convergence
    of 30-35kts at about 30 degrees of convergence overlaps with the
    core of the moisture axis with TPW near 1.7". As such, RADAR
    denotes a few clusters of thunderstorms developing across NE LA as
    well as further north across NE LA into W MS, the latter deeper
    into the more ideal unidirectional flow and may support some
    training elements as the overall convective development expands
    and intensifies over the next few hours. The strong moisture flux
    convergence mainly below 700mb will support rates of 1.75"; and
    while the forward speeds will limit any specific core, the
    upstream divergence aloft and strength of low level flow
    convergence will support back-building and redevelopment upstream
    through central LA throughout the morning.

    Localized storm outflows may be the key to establishing the most
    ideal training profiles, but even 1-2 hours of these rates could
    support 2-3" totals and locally higher values to 4" would then
    begin to exceed the high (3"/3hrs) FFG values in the area.=20
    00z/06z HREF Probability of 3"/3hrs peak around 30% in SW to
    central MS. Still even with dormant ground conditions, these
    rates/totals will have the greatest potential for flash
    flooding/rapid inundation conditions where intersecting urban
    centers. In any case, these cells will saturate the upper soil
    profiles prior to further convective activity expected throughout
    the day and evening. As such, flash flooding is only considered
    possible and limited to widely scattered in coverage through the
    early morning period.=20=20=20=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9acKgA_eVUQUbWukkTDJ3cwSbuwKek4CYWoR60Ef7vNo7XSoV4CCLFqlziyioqp90ODj= KtIhNIYw04qxDKJ-RKVXHog$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LCH...LIX...MEG...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34138908 34058839 33498829 32868864 32288915=20
    31568980 30709050 30919161 30929254 31469279=20
    32169248 33289103 33719020=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jan 9 15:16:14 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 091516
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-092000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0008
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1015 AM EST Fri Jan 09 2026

    Areas affected...southeastern LA, southern MS, western AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 091514Z - 092000Z

    SUMMARY...Peak rain rates of 2 to 3 in/hr are expected to produce
    at least Isolated flash flooding from northern portions of
    southeastern LA into southern MS and parts of western AL through
    20Z. 6-hr rainfall of 3 to 5 inches will be possible, through
    these higher end totals should remain rather isolated should they
    materialize.

    DISCUSSION...Radar imagery from 15Z showed a axis of heavy rain
    oriented ENE from the LA/MS border across the I-55 corridor into
    south-central MS and portions of western AL. This axis was located
    within an area of pre-frontal low level convergence, augmented by
    rain-cooled outflow that extended from near Baton Rouge, LA to
    Hattiesburg, MS to Thomasville, AL. 925 mb winds of 25-35 kt were
    observed over southeastern LA into southern MS, converging along
    this axis which was oriented parallel to the mean steering flow,
    supporting training. Hourly rainfall near and just over 2 inches
    has been observed near the LA/MS border within the past 2 hours
    where MLCAPE of 500-1000 J/kg and PWATs of 1.7 to 1.8 inches were representative of the environment, reported on the 12Z soundings
    from LIX and JAN.

    Short term guidance from the RAP shows similar low level flow
    continuing over the next few hours with the establishing cold pool
    likely serving as a focus for renewed convective development
    through 18Z to 19Z from the LA/MS border into southern MS. ENE
    steering flow is likely to support cells moving downstream into
    western AL while some upstream development occurs back to the WSW.
    The environment is capable of supporting hourly rainfall in the
    2-3 inch range, although 1 to 2 inches per hour will be more
    common. Localized potential for 3 to 5 inches over the next 6
    hours will exist with at least localized flash flooding appearing
    likely, especially within any urban areas and as high rain rates
    overcome dry antecedent conditions.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_TyiPQgtr4G0Ii50gtuvjxeex8vVdO5evYOP54YZtWf02QDLtAIGPEdd-TkMEu8RjjIG= d01F8d6HGazeOuastO5EijM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32848772 32518711 31988718 31498776 30978897=20
    30569019 30009159 30399210 31319161 32108995=20
    32618877=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jan 9 20:05:18 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 092005
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-100100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0009
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    304 PM EST Fri Jan 09 2026

    Areas affected...south-central LA into south-central MS and
    western/central AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 092003Z - 100100Z

    SUMMARY...Relatively narrow axes (or a single axis) of heavy rain
    appear likely to maintain an increased flash flood potential into
    the early evening from south-central LA into south-central MS and western/central AL. 2 to 4 inches and areas of flash flooding will
    be likely within portions of this corridor with locally higher
    rain totals possible.

    DISCUSSION...Radar imagery from 1945Z showed a persistent axis of
    moderate to heavy rain from near the southeastern LA/MS border
    into south-central MS and western AL which has been in roughly the
    same location over the past 3-4 hours. Embedded hourly rainfall
    has been observed in the 1-2 inch range at times and roughly 2 to
    4 inches have fallen from near Baton Rouge into south-central MS
    as far east as Waynesboro, MS since early this morning. A
    combination of rain-cooled outflow and a slightly elevated axis of
    convergence located within 925-850 mb layer have helped to focus
    these areas of heavy rain over the past few hours where MLCAPE has
    increased into the 500-1500 J/kg range from the southern MS/AL
    border toward Lake Pontchartrain (via SPC mesoanalysis data).
    Additional rainfall was occurring farther north in AL along the
    elevated convergence axis where 2 to 3 inches was reported over
    the past 6 hours, but a lack of instability has tempered rainfall
    rates across northern locations. Radar imagery also showed
    additional thunderstorms building over the I-10 corridor of
    south-central LA, rooted near the surface within weaker/more
    subtle axes of near surface convergence.

    RAP forecast guidance suggests an inflection point along the
    convergence axis (currently over the south-central MS/AL border)
    will advance northeastward in the short term while the axis of
    convergence to its west lifts slightly north. Meanwhile, the WSW
    to ENE oriented outflow boundary in place over south-central MS is
    likely to continue to serve as a focus for additional thunderstorm
    development. Therefore, expectations are for continued
    thunderstorms over the region through early evening, initiating
    along and just north of the surface outflow and farther north on
    elevated convergence with training via mean movement off toward
    the ENE. Embedded short term training may also occur with the
    thunderstorms moving northward through south-central LA.

    Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches, but localized hourly rainfall in
    excess of 2 inches is expected through early evening from southern
    portions of the Lower Mississippi Valley into western/central AL.
    The better instability is forecast to remain situated west of the
    MS/AL border but pockets of locally higher instability into
    portions of AL may also support flash flooding to the east as
    well. Given dry antecedent conditions leading up to this event,
    flash flooding potential will be greatest over urban areas and
    where heavy rain has fallen over the past 12 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9m4qxItj-dnwomeDGXhQp86jHguqhmSXSAAR6bEQjaMBomi8lsV-t-Am1_0oAWUcpSxH= eCihXcSKifpS29MX2Hrx8sk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33568684 33488628 33168594 32648596 32198649=20
    31858711 31258872 30868957 30379076 30359177=20
    30639220 31179203 31969105 32449012 32698924=20
    33208778=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 01:47:19 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100147
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-100545-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0010
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    846 PM EST Fri Jan 09 2026

    Areas affected...Parts of Southern MS into western-central AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 100145Z - 100545Z

    SUMMARY...A relatively narrow corridor of cell training will
    maintain the potential for isolated areas of flash flooding
    through the remainder of the evening. Additional rainfall totals
    of 2 to 3 inches are expected across many locales within this
    corridor through midnight CST, though isolated amounts of 4-5
    inches areas are expected.

    DISCUSSION...Latest GOES-E longwave IR imagery showed a well
    developed, rather expansive west-to-east Warm Conveyor Belt (WCB)
    of higher/colder cloud tops from northern Mexico northeast through
    eastern TX and into the Mid-South and TN Valley. Robust upper
    trough over the southern Rockies-High Plains and attendant upper
    level jet streak on the eastern flank is helping to enhance the
    deep-layer forcing and low-level frontogenesis ahead of the
    approaching cold front, which will coincide with the boost in the
    low-level moisture transport from the Gulf as 850 mb winds
    increase to 30-40 kts later this evening.

    Meanwhile, a narrow axis of higher deep-layer CAPE (1000-1500+
    J/Kg) will also nudge northeastward from the Gulf Coast into
    southern MS and southern-central AL, coinciding with PWs climbing
    between 1.8 and 2.0" in the expanding pre-frontal convective
    environment. Multiple, quasi-linear convective segments will tend
    to train within this narrowing corridor of more optimal
    instability and available PW. The mesoscale (CAM) guidance has
    struggled a bit handling the current setup, compared to the radar
    mosaic over the past few hours. Recent HRRR and RRFS runs have
    caught up a bit however. High res ensembles (HREF and RRFS)
    probabilities of hourly rainfall rates exceeding 1-2" are a bit
    lower than reality (especially the 2"/hr probabilities),
    indicative that the event may only just now be getting better
    handled by the guidance. Much of the CAM guidance show the
    heaviest rainfall south of BHM through midnight CST, however with
    notably lower FFG over northeast MS and northern AL, it would not
    take as much rainfall to cause additional runoff issues,
    especially considering what has already fallen.

    Hurley

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6j7wsjsHr8ga0tgXnpJ4FOHJWysiSmMEDaIqyT_p8lovh63Ekd-FfvWNITKFWu9QqJ3u= x9ZuW_d7bZj_84atsYa08l0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HUN...JAN...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34198699 32868611 31658789 30709029 31699073=20
    33308893=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 04:44:22 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100444
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-TXZ000-101000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0011
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1142 PM EST Fri Jan 09 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast to East Texas...Western and Northern
    Louisiana...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 100445Z - 101000Z

    SUMMARY...Strengthening scattered to widely scattered
    thunderstorms capable of 1.5"/hr and localized 2-3" totals given
    some short-duration training potential for flanking cell
    development. Greater soil saturation/lower FFG, north and
    proximity to Houston metro/urban runoff to south pose localized
    possible incident or two for flash flooding through overnight
    period.

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR mosaic and 10.3um IR loop depict a few
    stronger thunderstorm clusters extending from near Victoria
    northeastward across Southeast TX toward a weak surface low near
    KOCH. East of the low, a west to east stationary front crosses
    near I-20 and recently saturated upper soil profiles given broad
    1-2" totals throughout the day. Surface to boundary layer
    southerly flow continues to advect upper 60s/low 70s Tds with
    modestly unstable air mass in the warm sector with MLCAPE values
    remaining at or above 1000 J/kg with spots of 2000 J/kg near the
    Upper TX coast. Upper level jet streak continues to expand and
    strengthen across the Ozark Plateau though broad right entrance
    ascent is providing strong divergence aloft and supporting the
    slightly backed and 20-25kts of low-level jet flow to obliquely
    intersect the slowly eastward advancing cold front.=20

    While mid to upper levels remain dry, the anomalous moisture
    remains though 700mb with over 1.5" and spots nearing 1.75" within
    the warm sector. This results in solid moisture flux convergence
    and solid instability to maintain/expand the convective coverage
    though likely still in a scattered nature over the next few hours.
    Flux convergence is supporting moderately efficient rainfall
    production with 1.5-1.75"/hr rates. Forward progression will
    continue to be a limiting factor toward 2-3" streaks of rainfall
    totals across the area of concern, especially as the core of the
    jet (and therefore the right entrance divergence) shift
    northeastward and direct circulation allows for faster progression
    of the cold front through the TX Coastal Plain.=20

    Overall totals are not a tremendous concern across the Coastal
    Plain, with a solid exception of the hydrophobic urban/suburban
    corridor of Houston. The sheer rates would be the greatest
    potential and even slight probability of localized 2"/hr rates may
    be sufficient to result in localized flooding concerns. Further
    north across the northern Piney Woods of E TX into Northern LA,
    the recent rainfall will locally result in above normal runoff,
    and compromised FFG values of less than 2"/hr and 3"/3hr remain
    capable of being exceeded again. As such, a few incidents of
    localized flash flooding will remain possible through the
    overnight period as the front presses through from west to east.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5e45rP2JunIuVcPEhh0jU35Epu8JkIn1Nkw9iyBplNfFJrna5KVV_1R27PiPw8ZbzmRa= 2_o7E4DnM3kcR0t4xyG5GNM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HGX...JAN...LCH...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32959190 32879118 32299104 31379165 30549283=20
    29959426 29399553 29649617 30229584 30649558=20
    31419478 32189422 32789339 32919271=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 05:36:51 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100536
    FFGMPD
    GAZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-101100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0012
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1236 AM EST Sat Jan 10 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast MS...Central AL...Northwestern GA...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 100535Z - 101100Z

    SUMMARY...Rainfall intensity is reducing though there remains a
    continued favorable training environment and persistent warm air
    advection for additional upstream development to maintain training
    through the overnight period. Already wetted/saturated soils
    with additional 2-3" may result in localized possible flash
    flooding.

    DISCUSSION...04z Surface analysis depicts main synoptic front
    bisects Middle TN into eastern MS before it starts to bend back
    westward across central MS to near Vicksburg and along I-20 under
    the influence of the upstream DPVA from the shearing upper level
    trough and strong 130kt+ jet over the Ozark Plateau. Still, the
    influence of the initial shortwave and atmospheric river/stream
    out of the western Gulf yesterday continues to slide northeastward
    across central AL toward the Southern Appalachians later this
    morning. VWP shows broad 25-40kt LLJ from SE LA across AL into
    western GA; which aligns with the core of enhanced moisture per
    CIRA LPW sfc-850 and 850-700mb layers with .75-.9" and .4-.5" in
    each layer respectively. RAP analysis and GPS network confirm
    1.75" core in central AL sliding northward.

    The flow through this layer remains strong and nearly
    unidirectional from 850 upward to support a narrow training
    profile for ongoing/weakening convection and anything that would
    redevelop upstream. The surface to boundary layer does still have
    some additional southerly component and surface
    analysis/instability axis denotes an effective rain-cooled
    isentropic ascent plain/front extending from the main front near
    Vicksburg to Jackson to south of Meridian to near Montgomery. As
    such mildly unstable air with 500-1000 J/kg of MUCAPE south of the
    boundary will isentropically ascend to provide some scattered
    thunderstorm activity upstream. This should help to maintain some
    training profile across central AL with occasional 1.5-1.75"/hr
    rates and localized 2-3" streaks, eventually extending toward W GA
    with slowly diminishing rates and therefore totals.

    However, given the prolonged nature, short term FFG values may not
    be exceeded except for areas already compromised across Southeast
    MS and far SW AL and urban centers along the way. However, add
    this 1-3" totals to the 1-2" totals already fallen across AL into
    GA and longer term exceedance is possible, suggesting localized
    flash flooding conditions remain possible through the overnight
    period into early morning.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!435-j2SzxdSRBUw-cE0OMsONPir6gcMUx4lDPm-ZmspqOtZkTROIgK4FzQEfJoUP2Gal= mFisCP7jRcMnc0sYzE9_uBw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...JAN...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34408506 34308429 33678411 33238444 32488549=20
    31648728 31158841 31198950 31919077 32649045=20
    33158827 33538722 34128572=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 08:30:24 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100830
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-101330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0013
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    329 AM EST Sat Jan 10 2026

    Areas affected...Eastern Louisiana...Southern Mississippi

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 100830Z - 101330Z

    SUMMARY...Pre-frontal confluence band activating within narrow
    remaining instability axis in proximity to moisture axis enough to
    support 1.75-2"/hr rates. Cell motions support some short-term
    repeating though already saturated/flooded areas. As such,
    localized flash flooding is likely to occur again through early
    morning.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E 10.3um and Regional RADAR depict an area of
    increasing convective development along a low level confluence
    line extending from near Marsh Island across Baton Rouge, LA
    toward McComb MS before intersecting with a broader west to east
    rainfall reinforced outflow or effective isentropic boundary. RAP
    analysis depicts a narrow instability axis with 1500-1750 J/kg of
    MLCAPE and generally aligns with the western edge of slightly
    higher low level moisture where Tds climb above 70 a few degrees.=20
    VWP also note an increase in low level wind speeds toward 40+kts
    and remain fairly unidirectional through 500mb well ahead of the
    frontal zone. As such, there remains a favorable training
    orientation for the convection. SPC MCD 18 alludes to favorable
    shear environment for some rotating cells as well, further
    increasingly moisture flux convergence allowing for rates to reach
    1.75-2"/hr potentially. Upstream cold front is starting to press
    eastward, but there remains a few hours of potential training of
    these cells. This matches most closely to the 00z ARW solution as
    well as recent RAP runs though other rapid refresh guidance
    provides some increased confidence to this evolution.

    Unfortunately, the orientation appears to intersect locations that
    had received over 4" yesterday afternoon. This has resulted in
    compromised FFG values below 2"/hr for solid portion of the MPD
    area of concern and with 1-2 hours of training spots of additional
    2-3" are probable and would likely result in localized flash
    flooding to occur once again across far northern East Louisiana
    into Southern MS. Combine this with any remaining convective
    cells along the cold front passing through by 14-15z, consider the
    potential for flash flooding to once again be likely across this
    area into the early morning hours.=20=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4aacJg2RqFJ5V8-2vwdZ2lKcSM8fYZxP72KCyyCnUC5vlx1yoCazj4zpzWsinq-zZNFh= viusEplqvv9jnVIymFAi_pU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33058867 32998809 32558766 31878777 31448828=20
    31178870 30878924 30549032 30359117 30689162=20
    31319135 31909091 32838963=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 08:34:58 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100834
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-101330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0013...Corrected
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    334 AM EST Sat Jan 10 2026

    Corrected for Concerning line: Flash Flooding Likely

    Areas affected...Eastern Louisiana...Southern Mississippi

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 100830Z - 101330Z

    SUMMARY...Pre-frontal confluence band activating within narrow
    remaining instability axis in proximity to moisture axis enough to
    support 1.75-2"/hr rates. Cell motions support some short-term
    repeating though already saturated/flooded areas. As such,
    localized flash flooding is likely to occur again through early
    morning.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E 10.3um and Regional RADAR depict an area of
    increasing convective development along a low level confluence
    line extending from near Marsh Island across Baton Rouge, LA
    toward McComb MS before intersecting with a broader west to east
    rainfall reinforced outflow or effective isentropic boundary. RAP
    analysis depicts a narrow instability axis with 1500-1750 J/kg of
    MLCAPE and generally aligns with the western edge of slightly
    higher low level moisture where Tds climb above 70 a few degrees.=20
    VWP also note an increase in low level wind speeds toward 40+kts
    and remain fairly unidirectional through 500mb well ahead of the
    frontal zone. As such, there remains a favorable training
    orientation for the convection. SPC MCD 18 alludes to favorable
    shear environment for some rotating cells as well, further
    increasingly moisture flux convergence allowing for rates to reach
    1.75-2"/hr potentially. Upstream cold front is starting to press
    eastward, but there remains a few hours of potential training of
    these cells. This matches most closely to the 00z ARW solution as
    well as recent RAP runs though other rapid refresh guidance
    provides some increased confidence to this evolution.

    Unfortunately, the orientation appears to intersect locations that
    had received over 4" yesterday afternoon. This has resulted in
    compromised FFG values below 2"/hr for solid portion of the MPD
    area of concern and with 1-2 hours of training spots of additional
    2-3" are probable and would likely result in localized flash
    flooding to occur once again across far northern East Louisiana
    into Southern MS. Combine this with any remaining convective
    cells along the cold front passing through by 14-15z, consider the
    potential for flash flooding to once again be likely across this
    area into the early morning hours.=20=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8A94cu_2EwIsReGlPc-3vX9yAGxP4uM-DkHqQ9QnUZE7dddVxb0_aR_v2XJ7MMiUV3RH= ZqruWZkdv7CYjxwdXzJPM8o$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33058867 32998809 32558766 31878777 31448828=20
    31178870 30878924 30549032 30359117 30689162=20
    31319135 31909091 32838963=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 13:55:58 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 101355
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-GAZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-101954-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0014
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    855 AM EST Sat Jan 10 2026

    Areas affected...portions of southeastern Louisiana, southern
    Mississippi, and southern/central Alabama

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 101354Z - 101954Z

    Summary...Flash flood potential continues across southern
    Mississippi this morning. This threat will shift eastward while
    gradually becoming more isolated through 19Z/1p Central.

    Discussion...Recent radar mosaic imagery depicts an extensive,
    linear convective complex extending from near Gadsden, AL through
    Birmingham, AL and southwestward to near Hammond, LA. Convection
    has trended toward more forward propagation over the past several
    hours, but remain capable of 1-2 inch/hr rain rates - especially
    across southern Mississippi and southeastern Louisiana where
    forward motions are slower (around 20-30 knots) and quality
    pre-convective moisture exists. The storms are in an environment
    characterized by moderate surface-based buoyancy (around 1000-1500
    J/kg - highest from central Alabama through the New Orleans area)
    and 1.4-1.6 inch PW values - both characteristic of typical
    profiles supporting deep moist convection and heavy rainfall
    rates. Additionally, some of the activity was falling on areas of
    southern Mississippi that have received 5-8 inches of rainfall
    over the past 24 hours (particularly near Hattiesburg, Waynesboro,
    MS and surrounding areas). FFGs are near zero in those areas,
    supporting an imminent and ongoing flash flood threat there.=20
    Farther northeast and southeast of the Hattiesburg area, FFGs are
    a bit higher (around 1 inch/hr in Alabama - closer to 2-3
    inches/hr in Louisiana), suggestive of more scattered flash flood
    potential in those area in the short term.

    The forward-propagating nature of this complex will result in
    storms gradually moving out of the most sensitive, water-logged
    areas of the discussion area through the morning and early
    afternoon. The downstream airmass is still supportive of
    occasional areas of 1-1.5 inch/hr rain rates, promoting flash
    flood potential especially in urban and sensitive areas of the
    discussion area. Flash flooding remains most likely in
    southeastern Mississippi this morning, with a lesser-concentrated
    risk throughout the remainder of the discussion area.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7OGoiGqj85_Vesa1ojoKLDKhAaPxWV1B9qkkhqgPTdSo7FDat7FsdJY3lqM0RO53_it5= 34zevUAZFeSLoq2RL78HvGc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34318457 33968412 32578415 31058531 30358760=20
    29228947 29239063 29609114 31409039 32788822=20
    34228567=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 10 14:11:54 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 101410
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-GAZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-101954-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0014
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    909 AM EST Sat Jan 10 2026

    Areas affected...portions of southeastern Louisiana, southern
    Mississippi, southern/central Alabama, and western/northern
    Georgia

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 101354Z - 101954Z

    Summary...Flash flood potential continues across southern
    Mississippi this morning. This threat will shift eastward while
    gradually becoming more isolated through 19Z/1p Central.

    Discussion...Recent radar mosaic imagery depicts an extensive,
    linear convective complex extending from near Gadsden, AL through
    Birmingham, AL and southwestward to near Hammond, LA. Convection
    has trended toward more forward propagation over the past several
    hours, but remain capable of 1-2 inch/hr rain rates - especially
    across southern Mississippi and southeastern Louisiana where
    forward motions are slower (around 20-30 knots) and quality
    pre-convective moisture exists. The storms are in an environment
    characterized by moderate surface-based buoyancy (around 1000-1500
    J/kg - highest from central Alabama through the New Orleans area)
    and 1.4-1.6 inch PW values - both characteristic of typical
    profiles supporting deep moist convection and heavy rainfall
    rates. Additionally, some of the activity was falling on areas of
    southern Mississippi that have received 5-8 inches of rainfall
    over the past 24 hours (particularly near Hattiesburg, Waynesboro,
    MS and surrounding areas). FFGs are near zero in those areas,
    supporting an imminent and ongoing flash flood threat there.=20
    Farther northeast and southeast of the Hattiesburg area, FFGs are
    a bit higher (around 1 inch/hr in Alabama - closer to 2-3
    inches/hr in Louisiana), suggestive of more scattered flash flood
    potential in those area in the short term.

    The forward-propagating nature of this complex will result in
    storms gradually moving out of the most sensitive, water-logged
    areas of the discussion area through the morning and early
    afternoon. The downstream airmass is still supportive of
    occasional areas of 1-1.5 inch/hr rain rates, promoting flash
    flood potential especially in urban and sensitive areas of the
    discussion area. Flash flooding remains most likely in
    southeastern Mississippi this morning, with a lesser-concentrated
    risk throughout the remainder of the discussion area.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8Hlcy_JkIVC_spif7StIjfVMqKja9sq8Gg9rt_MmTn0QKzEocsUt4og8AxJVfmfAPSGm= Rp1xHZW4-kpUSY8JUQ28y5o$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34318457 33968412 32578415 31058531 30358760=20
    29228947 29239063 29609114 31409039 32788822=20
    34228567=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 24 03:24:29 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 240324
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-240922-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0015
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1023 PM EST Fri Jan 23 2026

    Areas affected...portions of central Texas and the Hill Country

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 240322Z - 240922Z

    Summary...Flash flooding is possible on a localized basis through
    09Z/3a Central. Areas of thunderstorms are developing and will
    move slow enough to provide 1-2 inch/hr rain rates at times.

    Discussion...Recent radar mosaic imagery depicts an uptick in
    scattered convection across the Texas Hill Country just north of a
    surface cold front extending from near Del Rio to near San
    Antonio. The storms were embedded in a strongly sheared
    environment, with elevated instability just north of the front
    (500-1000 J/kg MUCAPE) supporting the uptick in convection. Weak
    mid-level shortwave troughs were approaching from the higher
    terrain of northern Mexico, also helping to ignite convection. A
    close inspection of both point forecast soundings and RAOBs depict
    updrafts rooted at around 850mb, with wind fields supporting local
    right-moving storm motions of 10-15 knots. These slow storm
    motions were combining with 1-1.4 inch PW values to support
    estimated rain rates of around 1.5 inch/hr with convection that
    has become established near Kerrville. These rates are enough to
    prompt localized flash flood concerns given sensitive/varied
    terrain and low spots across the region.

    The ongoing forecast scenario will continue for at least the next
    6 hours. Deeper, slower-moving convection (potentially with right-moving/supercellular characteristics despite being elevated
    above the shallow stable layer) will continue to develop
    occasionally, but also remain tied to the slow southward progress
    of the cold front. Spots of 1-2 inch/hr rain rates will gradually shift/develop southward and eastward toward the I-35 and I-10
    corridors over time. Isolated instances of flash flooding are
    possible where these locally heavier rain rates can materialize
    over/near sensitive terrain.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-cXGI7RBYXOKdL9gC7Nr8Jofd7VtdRre4M3b0gjXeET4JN2gues8uAti2K-cBKlFviZ2= w3_uxdIeaSVqXw3hk73w5cU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30819890 30559786 29929754 29189767 28489889=20
    28780009 29360103 29810147 30460160 30790051=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jan 24 10:33:04 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 241033
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-241431-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0016
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    531 AM EST Sat Jan 24 2026

    Areas affected...southeast Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 241031Z - 241431Z

    Summary...Flash flood potential will increase over the next 2-4
    hours near Houston Metro and surrounding areas.

    Discussion...Persistent warm advection across southeast Texas has
    maintained elevated buoyancy atop a frontal zone draped
    east-to-west across the discussion area. This buoyancy, combined
    with isentropic upglide and a weak mid-level disturbance
    approaching the region has triggered increasing deep convection
    about 60 miles west/southwest of Houston Metro. These cells were
    slightly elevated, but were also in an environment with ~1.5 inch
    PW values, supporting locally heavy rainfall. Recent MRMS data
    suggests 1 inch/hr rates beneath the stronger activity.

    On their current trajectory, these cells will migrate toward areas
    near Houston Metro and points south over the next couple hours or
    so. 1 inch/hr rain rates could contribute to urban
    ponding/excessive runoff especially if localized training can be
    established. Flash flooding is possible in this scenario.

    The flash flood threat in this region will likely last for about
    2-4 hoursor so. A strong cold front was surging southeastward
    along a line from near Victoria to Cotulla. This front will
    eventually undercut ongoing convection as it approaches the Gulf
    Coast through 13-14Z (7-8am Central). Any flash flood threat
    should decrease some behind this front as colder air filters in
    and contributes to stabilization.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_1NuyYPZ4es-I3lma45_GvQgXOYkNnYwgeBrX0QG7FE3UUPqpMC_QW6qIfL4d563QYlE= QeUPL8lo4eilv0gXvbb0KjM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...HGX...LCH...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30509549 30309452 29749446 28879538 28459699=20
    28869758 29829739 30299658=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Feb 14 03:51:24 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 140351
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-NMZ000-140949-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0017
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1049 PM EST Fri Feb 13 2026

    Areas affected...Northwest TX northeast to the MO/KS/AR/OK border
    junction

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 140349Z - 140949Z

    Summary...Widely scattered to scattered thunderstorms are
    developing from western TX into western OK at this time. Hourly
    rain amounts to 2", with local totals to 4", could lead to
    continued isolated to widely scattered flash flooding.

    Discussion...An upper level low is progressing east-northeast
    across NM, leading to regional difluence aloft. Precipitable
    water values have surged to 1-1.25", which considering the
    coolness of the atmosphere, has led to saturation. SPC
    mesoanalyses indicate 500-1500 J/kg of MU CAPE across the region,
    with the broadest instability pool across central OK. This is
    helping to explain the backbuilding convection near the southern
    border of KS/MO. Effective bulk shear of 40-60 kts exists
    regionally, which has manifested itself across portions of the
    Rolling Plains, Caprock, and Permian Basin of northwest TX.=20
    Fairly unidirectional flow from the southwest is leading to
    training attempts near the mesocyclones across Northwest TX.

    The guidance indicates a general broadening of the instability
    field (when using the 500+ J/kg MU CAPE region) with time, with
    the greatest persistence across the Trans-Pecos region of western
    TX. This should continue to lead to a general broadening of the
    convective pattern which could increase bouts of training and
    possibly cell mergers between more organized convection clusters
    and disorganized thunderstorms. However, the broad pattern should
    attempt to progress eastward as 850 hPa flow veers. The best
    mesoscale model signal for heavy rainfall over the next six hours
    in the vicinity of the stationary front across OK. Hourly amounts
    to 2" and local totals to 4" are possible over the next six hours.
    Flash flood guidance is variable across the MPD area, with some
    areas more sensitive than others. These sort of amounts would
    compromise the relatively lower flash flood guidance values across
    northwest TX and the irregular MO/KS/AR/OK border junction.=20
    Isolated to widely scattered flash flooding is possible.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_a6eAtseqa0om1E8gkgzPFR1_L6Sgdn7CoE2FmTbkzeqVO6GgexZW10lmq9rsvIVN0g2= HKxQMYGgt-Bc18Z1u42P2cA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AMA...DDC...EAX...FWD...ICT...LUB...LZK...MAF... OUN...SGF...SJT...TOP...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...KRF...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 38589714 38019342 36539264 35739489 35349581=20
    32060045 31030356 32290359 33740150 34740112=20
    36610057 37709955=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Feb 14 09:13:56 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 140913
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-141512-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0018
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    412 AM EST Sat Feb 14 2026

    Areas affected...portions of northern TX & southern OK

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 140912Z - 141512Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms are expected to invigorate and
    solidify into a slowly progressive line this morning. Hourly rain
    amounts to 2" with local totals to 4" remain possible, which could
    lead to isolated to widely scattered flash flood concerns.

    Discussion...Water vapor satellite imagery shows an upper level
    trough from CO south-southwest into northwest Mexico with two
    centers -- a weakening center lifting across southern CO and a
    more potent center moving just south of the NM/AZ border junction
    with Mexico. Difluence aloft remains downstream across the
    Southern Plains/TX; new convection is forming southeast of Midland
    at this time. Precipitable water values are 1-1.3" per GPS data.=20
    Gulf inflow continues to be best channeled up the Lower Rio Grande
    Basin then upward across west-central TX towards southwest OK.=20
    After initially dropping off after the evening convection, MU CAPE
    is back on the rise across west-central TX, in the range of
    500-1500 J/kg. Effective bulk shear is 50-75 kts regionally. The
    flow remains fairly unidirectional with height out of the
    southwest.

    The expectation is for a broad convective uptick into the late
    morning across portions of west-central and northern TX into
    southern OK as the mid-level low across far northwest Mexico
    approaches, which could back the mean winds somewhat more out of
    the south-southwest initially, possibly holding up convection for
    a short time. Once the line solidifies, convection should show
    some progression. The main concern from a heavy rainfall
    perspective is the possibility of embedded mesocyclones holding up
    segments of the line for an hour or two, leading to locally heavy
    rain that would locally exceed the three hour flash flood guidance
    (~2.5"). Issues would also be possible in urban areas. Flash
    flood issues could be isolated to widely scattered in nature.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_jNl3xZkw7WJLJXqFtOzbQ20pOidvGgFDz9eSsEuouRQhfO8muctXC1-uFwKLrvrwlK2= pUIXVs6oTQ4iMBdU9Gi0tIs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...LUB...MAF...OUN...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35269728 34219634 31949880 30340135 29700289=20
    30420352 31310324 32770109 34519946=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Feb 14 17:36:32 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 141736
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-142335-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0019
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1235 PM EST Sat Feb 14 2026

    Areas affected...Northeast TX into the Arklatex

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 141735Z - 142335Z

    SUMMARY...Increasingly organized areas of heavy showers and
    thunderstorms with some localized cell-training concerns may
    foster isolated to scattered areas of mainly urban flash flooding
    going through the afternoon hours.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-E IR/WV suite shows a strong southern
    stream shortwave trough ejecting east across the southern Plains
    which is interacting with a moist and modestly unstable airmass
    downstream across much of eastern TX.

    Strong forcing aloft with DPVA and a gradually increasing
    south-southwest low-level jet of 30 to 40 kts ahead of a cold
    front is facilitating a fairly expansive area of heavy showers and thunderstorms across central and northern TX and into the Red Red
    Valley.

    Recent radar trends has been showing a gradual increase in
    convective organization with the activity near the DFW
    metropolitan area, but with a generally progressive movement off
    to the east and northeast as the shortwave dynamics interact with
    the modestly favorable thermodynamic environment.

    MUCAPE values are generally only on the order of 500 to 1000 J/kg
    with PWs upwards of 1.5 inches. However, some uptick in these
    parameters can be expected over the next few hours as the
    low-level jet reaches 40 to 50+ kts and PWs increase locally to
    near 1.75 inches. This should help favor rainfall rates well into
    the 1 to 2 inch/hour range with the stronger and more organized
    cells which are being aided by much as 30 to 50 kts of effective
    bulk shear.

    Upscale convective growth is expected with at least the early
    stages of a QLCS evolution likely going through the mid-afternoon
    hours. The northern end of this convective mass will tend to focus
    across northeast TX and into the Arklatex region where there will
    be some localized cell-training concerns. A more progressive
    convective line is expected farther south. The 12Z HREF guidance
    suggests potential for some localized 3 to 4+ inch totals by later
    this afternoon around the Arklatex.

    The antecedent conditions are notably dry, but given the
    increasing rates and cell-training concerns, some isolated to
    scattered areas of mainly urban flash flooding will be possible.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5OUdtSYdwrifFZh_oEhT4OdhjIrhD4SEk6mtJ91CiUWM6k2tdiTTWeHidzgbtHRVgux2= uP243a-rpWdt2NZVMiTqjwg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...LZK...OUN...SHV...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34549428 34299311 33509314 32719423 32119559=20
    32029649 32239723 32699745 33319705 34129585=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Feb 16 13:04:03 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 161303
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-162100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0020
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    802 AM EST Mon Feb 16 2026

    Areas affected...Southern California...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 161300Z - 162100Z

    SUMMARY...Strong dynamics/ascent will support strengthening
    moisture flux across Southern California and the Transverse Ranges
    this morning with pivoting cold front allowing for slightly
    increased duration of moderate rainfall with hourly rates of
    .5-.75"/hr with isolated potential to 1" locally. Totals of 1-2"
    along the coast and 3-5" in the terrain may result in increased
    runoff for possible flash flooding and or mudslides, especially
    near recent burn scars.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-W depicts a compact inner core of the deep upper
    low/trof continuing to dig southward near 36N129.5W with a broad
    diffluent region in the northeast quadrant where the exit of a
    130kt 250mb jet speed max is providing solid diffluence/divergence
    aloft for expansive upper-level cirrus shield with enhancing
    perpendicular transverse banding. A subtle but important embedded
    shortwave along the left exit of the jet shows a the developing
    baroclinic leaf just northeast of the 35N125W benchmark. This
    approaching wave coupled with the digging upper-level core is
    supporting surface cyclogenesis along the cold front in the
    vicinity of the SLO/Monterey county offshore waters, allowing for
    backing and strengthening low level flow off the California Bight
    through Santa Barbara county. VWP has seen an increase of
    925-850mb winds over 35kts while veering from SSE to SSW to over
    50kts at 700mb. This solid WAA profile has a bit of low level
    lapse rates as well to support 500-650 J/kg of MUCAPE in proximity
    to the cold front toward Point Conception.=20

    The overall interplay of the upper-level low and shortwave will
    allow for solid negative tilting of the upper-trof providing
    strong 75-90 degrees of low level directional convergence along
    the front while the confluence of 850 and 700mb moisture streams
    will align for enhanced moisture flux convergence bringing the
    slightly below average moisture values up toward something more
    average or slightly above average around 1" in total PWAT, with
    CIRA LPW animations denoting this trend is on track mostly in the
    surface to 850mb layer.

    So with the combination of increasing flux convergence and minor
    instability, pre-frontal showered and possible weak/narrow shallow thunderstorms convective cores of .75" to possible 1"/hr rates may
    occur over the next few hours as the front rounds the Cape and
    gets that extra bump due to steepening orographic ascent as well,
    though coastal showers will still be intense capable of a quick
    .5"+ rainfall total too, making urban style flooding problematic.=20
    The cold front will begin to press eastward, but in the short-term
    as surface low deepens, the pivot/fulcrum of rotation may allow
    for overrunning showers to persist across SBA into the TROWAL
    across SLO and Monterey counties for the next few hours keeping
    localized totals of 2-4" possible, with some continued higher
    runoff and possible localized flooding risk.

    Flash flooding risk will increase, as IVT values steadily increase
    from the 400 range toward 600 kg/m/s, likely peaking as the cold
    front and warm conveyor belt moisture stream flow orthogonally
    intersects the Transverse Range of Ventura county with HREF
    probably of 1"/hr near 30% between 18-20z, with 3-5" totals
    expected through 00z. As such, flash flooding is considered
    possible through the remainder of the morning and into the
    afternoon as it reaches the Los Angles Metro proper after 18z.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!95dfXy5F6loNRbNt-tcBUWF77z-5_cLiTGcwDMX-mJQ-THiN2tqReSdy2vY1Q0yF6ruy= SwLb9Vo1twaJhU1n4a2w99Y$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LOX...MTR...SGX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36482138 36142073 35402021 34891962 34551875=20
    34521780 34001755 33261777 33361890 33732006=20
    34142075 34802105 35642182 36142185=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Feb 16 19:30:06 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 161930
    FFGMPD
    CAZ000-170130-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0021
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    228 PM EST Mon Feb 16 2026

    Areas affected...Southern California...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 161930Z - 170130Z

    SUMMARY...Progressive cold front with strong pre-frontal southerly
    moisture flux will continue to shift eastward into the eastern
    Transverse and Peninsular Ranges through this evening. Less
    orthogonal ascent along terrain will reduce rainfall totals but
    intense sub-hourly totals up to 1" that may cause urban flooding
    and issues in and downstream of recent burn scars.

    DISCUSSION...RADAR and GOES-W visible imagery show a narrow band
    of intense showers/weak convective cores exiting Ventura county
    into S Los Angeles county extending southward through the eastern
    Channel Islands and starting to approach the southward turn of the
    coast across Orange and San Diego counties. Very strong moisture
    flux of 40-50kts of 925-850mb flow and steadily increasing
    moisture per CIRA LPW nearing .75" in that layer. Veering post
    frontal flow continues to be stark, with directional convergence
    remains between 75-90 degrees. Given the strength over 30kts (up
    to 50kts), it will continue to result in strong moisture flux for
    the convective elements supporting hourly rates of .75-1". This
    will continue what has been have observed moving through
    southward facing terrain of the Transverse Range including the
    Santa Monica Range, where totals of 2-3+" have been observed
    resulting in localized flash flooding.

    The strength of flow even below 850mb will continue to intersect
    the San Gabriel and San Bernardino Ranges lower to mid slopes with
    similar rates near .75-1"/hr though highest peaks will start
    converting over to moderate/heavy snowfall. However, with
    reducing southerly fetch, the Peninsular Ranges will see a quick
    pick up, but with less orthogonal convergence/orographic ascent
    will also see diminishing rates and therefore totals between
    22-00z tonight. The lack of moisture flux off the California
    Bight will also reduce the effective ascent through the TROWAL
    further back west across the central Transverse Ranges where
    lighter rain will continue to slowly add to the totals through 00z
    as well. With the loss of orographic ascent/convergence and
    deeper moisture availability, rates will reduce but increased
    westerly flow and steepening lapse rates aloft before the main
    cold front will allow for a few rounds of scattered upslope
    showers with .1-.25"/hr rates/totals adding to the initial
    mainline. Still, the overall risk for flash flooding will be
    limited to urban and recent burn scars east and South of the LA
    Basin.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_T2sFFPP0svERanV2yHB5IoA9mN_NCu8DjDbOL9-ENK0iN6I0_prGm9oGnmsdshK2Oz6= ETz3Y0zf0H5_pg1kbUamKeY$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LOX...SGX...

    ATTN...RFC...RSA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34701850 34251725 33811664 32841626 32471628=20
    32451709 32971743 33471782 33621834 33831850=20
    33981871 34221933 34601910=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Mar 5 16:12:59 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 051612
    FFGMPD
    ARZ000-OKZ000-051730-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0033
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    800 AM EST Thu Mar 05 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast OK...Far Western AR

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 051300Z - 051730Z

    SUMMARY...Heavy showers and thunderstorms across southeast OK are
    expected to persist through mid-morning. Given high rainfall rates
    of up to 2 inches/hour and the slow cell-motions, some areas of
    mainly urban flash flooding will be possible.

    DISCUSSION...The early morning GOES-E IR satellite imagery shows a
    rather compact, but slow-moving cold-topped MCS over southeast OK.
    Some cloud-top cooling has been noted over the last couple of
    hours which suggests some deepening/strengthening of the
    convective updrafts and this has been corresponding to an uptick
    in rainfall rates.

    In fact, the latest MRMS data shows rainfall rates near 2
    inches/hour with the stronger storms over portions of Pittsburg
    and Latimer Counties, and there have been some clear signs of
    back-building cell activity around the southwest flank of the
    convective mass. The early-morning satellite imagery is showing
    some increasingly agitated CU/TCU across southern OK to the
    southwest of the convection, and this is correlated with a
    convergent low-level jet of around 40 kts in close proximity to a
    stationary front.

    The thermodynamic is generally modest with PWs of around 1.3 to
    1.4 inches and MUCAPE values of only 500 to 1000 J/kg. However, a
    wave of low pressure is noted in surface observations along this
    front near the area of most organized convection. Given the
    focused area of moisture convergence around this low center and
    the low-level jet aiming into the southwest flank of the MCS,
    there appears to be an environment to at least sustain the
    convection in the near-term.

    Morning CAMs are not doing the greatest with this MCS, but the
    latest RRFS guidance is generally the best with overall placement.
    However, it does suggest some convective persistence through at
    least the mid-morning hours. Given the convective trends, an
    additional 2 to 4+ inches of rain may be possible locally across
    areas of southeast OK, and especially with a favorable environment
    for back-building and training convective cells. The RRFS and some
    06Z HREF guidance suggest some parts of far western AR may
    eventually see some of this activity as well.

    Expect a concern for mainly urban flash flooding as a result over
    the next few hours.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4R6iCeI4LmUCaA5NzmFE9j-z2RPshOwLEWmKlicx_OB1_aZJ1YiUdTOF3ArjrFdHW0hV= Ywwb_p2vB3ikXFsa4onSyOM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LZK...OUN...SHV...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35279546 35269464 34999407 34489415 34329513=20
    34419639 34779679 35139644=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Mar 5 23:44:05 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 052344
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-060542-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0034
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    642 PM EST Thu Mar 05 2026

    Areas affected...portions of northwest TX & western OK

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 052342Z - 060542Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms should become more numerous
    with time from Northwest TX across portions of western OK. Hourly
    amounts to 2.5" with local totals to 4" are possible, which could
    lead to isolated to widely scattered flash flooding.

    Discussion...A deep layer trough lies across the West, with a
    subtle preceding shortwave just ahead of the main feature across
    portions of West TX, southeast NM, and the TX Panhandle. The
    combination of these incoming features is attempting to break a
    weak mid-level cap across the region, which has led to isolated
    shower and thunderstorm development. Precipitable water values
    are ~1.25", ML CAPE is 1500-2500 J/kg, and effective bulk shear is
    35-45 kts.

    With time, the cap breaks which should lead to increased shower
    and thunderstorm development near and poleward of where an area of
    850 hPa confluence intersects a warm front, with the zone of
    low-level confluence slowly veering with time. The 12z ARW and
    18z hi-res NAM are amongst the wettest guidance, showing a 3-4"
    maximum somewhere near the border of northwest TX and southwest
    OK. Given the ingredients above, hourly amounts to 2.5" with
    local totals to 4" are possible, lending some credence to their
    solutions. Cell training, cell mergers between more and less
    organized convective activity, and mesocyclone formation are
    expected to be the drivers for heavy rainfall. These amounts
    would exceed flash flood guidance on an isolated to widely
    scattered basis, and be more problematic in urban areas within the
    region. Used the 12z REFS & 18z HREF heavy rain signal to help
    define the MPD outline.=20

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!67chU8hr6wglojF9XFQcZQZ5f9RgUFP6UaatT-G40IV2BLK7d0_fXfjDMO7OIFxTB6fM= CRPmLUTn0hyH2IY20_YBaEM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AMA...DDC...LUB...OUN...

    ATTN...RFC...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37019878 36389723 34339850 33749996 34510128=20
    35760070=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Mar 6 09:16:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 060916
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-061500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0035
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    415 AM EST Fri Mar 06 2026

    Areas affected...IA into northern IL and far southern WI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 060911Z - 061500Z

    Summary...Isolated to widely scattered coverage of mainly minor
    flash flooding will be possible across central/eastern portions of
    IA into northern IL and the IL/WI border through 15Z (9 AM CST).
    Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches will be likely where training of
    heavy rain occurs with isolated rainfall totals of 2 to 3 inches
    possible.

    Discussion...Regional radar imagery at 0845Z showed elevated
    thunderstorms over central and southern IA, with a general motion
    toward the northeast. The storms were located at the nose of a
    50-60 kt 850 mb jet seen on area VAD wind plots over central to
    eastern KS, located north of a wavy warm front which extended from
    southeastern NE into north-central MO and south-central IL. The
    low level jet was rapidly transporting low level moisture into the
    region, along with MUCAPE values of 500-1500 J/kg toward the
    northeast. Brief training of cells has supported observed rainfall
    of 0.75 to 1.25 inches in 30 minutes near the central MO/IA border
    between 07-08Z, showing the potential for locally high rainfall
    totals if cell training is able to maintain over a location for 30
    to 60 minutes. A strengthening 90-100 kt upper level jet streak
    was also observed on GOES East DMVs centered over southern MN,
    placing IA within the favorable right-entrance region.

    While the magnitude of the low level jet is likely near peak and
    RAP forecasts show some weakening through 12Z across eastern KS,
    continued warm advection driven thunderstorms are likely to
    advance downstream into portions of southern WI and northern IL
    over the next 3-6 hours as low level moisture continues to advect
    downstream and upper level support increases. Low level
    convergence axes at the nose of the low level jet are not
    favorably aligned to support longer duration training of cells
    with the mean steering flow from SW to NE (roughly at right angles
    to larger convergence axes), but increasing cell coverage could
    allow for some brief training from SW to NE or WSW to ENE this
    morning. The potential for 1 to 2 inches of rain in an hour and 2
    to 3 inches in 2 to 3 hours would surpass area-wide flash flood
    guidance values which are relatively low.

    Therefore, a couple of instances of lower-end/minor flash flooding
    will be possible over the next few hours with impacts mostly
    likely where overlap of heavy rain occurs with urban locations or
    other poorly draining areas.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8D9mYBbu0Iq8zqihAoDjR-bFNkrufn_JFv79UQULt56TOnftIXCqBoWPO1IsavPTsjBc= DUeLvMO8mcRND-sJY_TvDLY$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...DVN...FSD...ILX...LOT...MKX...OAX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43049341 42899151 42709019 42548867 41818832=20
    41308877 40739090 40779355 41449517 42199543=20
    42869482=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Mar 6 22:12:52 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 062212
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-070410-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0036
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    510 PM EST Fri Mar 06 2026

    Areas affected...northeast TX into eastern OK, western AR, &
    central MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 062210Z - 070410Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms are broadening in coverage
    across southeast OK. Hourly rain amounts to 2.5" with local
    totals to 4" are possible, which could lead to isolated to widely
    scattered flash flooding.

    Discussion...Showers and thunderstorms are increasing in number
    across southeast OK and southwest MO as mid-level capping erodes.=20
    The OK activity in particular is near the intersection of a
    surface trough and an effective warm front. ML CAPE is 1000-2000
    J/kg, effective bulk shear is 40-55 kts, and precipitable water
    values are ~1.4". Water vapor imagery implies a weak disturbance
    is over the convection at the present time, with other shortwaves
    aloft approaching from the west and southwest. Thunderstorms are
    occurring on both sides of a cool wedge of air across central to
    northeast OK left behind by morning stratus/rainfall. The
    mesoscale guidance is struggling with the breadth of the coverage
    and the location, with the 12z REFS a few hours too delayed and
    the 18z HREF 1-2 hours delayed in this area.

    The GFS-based Galvez-Davison Index implies a convective uptick in
    coverage and intensity most centered in northeast TX, eastern OK,
    and northwest AR through 00z before activity wanes at 03z or so,
    which also matches the timing of the HREF/REFS convective
    evolution. Considering the parameters above, mesocyclones are
    expected. Hourly rain amounts up to 2.5" should be possible near
    mesocyclones and where convection of different levels of
    organization haphazardly merges, with local totals up to 4"
    possible. Cell training is also possible as the deep layer flow
    is fairly unidirectional out of the south-southwest. This flow
    veers slightly with time which should allow for a slight eastward
    shift and would theoretically limit even higher totals. The 18z
    hi-res NAM and 12z ARW are on opposing sides of the guidance
    spread, but at the moment, the 18z NAM appears to be doing
    somewhat better. The guidance all appears too wet in northeast TX
    at the present time, but given the incoming shortwaves from the
    west and southwest, additional convection is possible in that area
    at some point. Isolated to widely scattered instances of flash
    flooding are possible, particularly in urban areas.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5hXn_qD-Chh8OyMtbaonMLdCxO41R6d7gNxlB2gNo1GmXoX83zp-vlXgwgPFLCDSp6aR= x6q6_iWDZP02x1MvXegThV0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...FWD...ICT...LSX...LZK...OUN...SGF...SHV...
    SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...KRF...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39029383 38769202 36599238 33899435 32109697=20
    31739900 33089868 34639827 35959795 36139782=20
    37599547=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Mar 6 22:30:23 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 062230
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-070128-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0037
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    529 PM EST Fri Mar 06 2026

    Areas affected...northeast IL, northwest IN, and southwest Lower
    MI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 062228Z - 070128Z

    Summary...A mesoscale wave is attempting to hold up convection
    from in and near Chicagoland into southwest Lower Michigan.=20
    Hourly amounts to 2" and local totals to 4" are possible, which
    could lead to flash flooding in urban areas.

    Discussion...A mesoscale convective wave across central IL is
    beginning to hold up convection in northeast IL rather close to
    Chicago. Precipitable water values are near 1.3", ML CAPE is
    1000-1500 J/kg, and effective bulk shear is 35 kts.

    The concern is that heavy rainfall will occur over a portion of
    Chicago's urban area, which includes far northeast IN. Some of
    southwest MI may see cell training as well. This situation does
    not appear to be handled well by recent mesoscale guidance. The
    parameters suggest hourly amounts to 2" with local totals to 4"
    are possible, which would be a problem in urban areas from a flash
    flooding perspective over the next several hours.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5wtNSRhaJZ0b-AkHJXJPRJ-g52HW4bwZseH-lj-Q-xnH-Roh6js4fiYsVibky7S7LO4F= 2MsfA3vV46HJbvhEzA2vAMk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...GRR...ILX...IWX...LOT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42598593 41578648 40758845 40648918 40878939=20
    41018930 41548830 42178709=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Mar 6 22:56:21 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 062256
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-070152-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0038
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    555 PM EST Fri Mar 06 2026

    Areas affected...portions of Central IL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 062252Z - 070152Z

    Summary...A weak wave across western IL is holding up convective
    progression across central IL. Hourly rain amounts to 2" with
    local totals to 4" are possible, which would be a problem in urban
    areas.

    Discussion...In the wake of a mesoscale convective wave moving
    into north-central IL, the system's convective tail is being held
    up by a weak wave seen in the thermal field across western IL.=20
    Hourly rain amounts are up to 1.5" per radar estimates. ML CAPE
    of 1000-1500 J/kg lies to its south, effective bulk shear is ~35
    kts, and precipitable water values are ~1.4".

    It appears cell training in this region could last for 2-3 hours.=20
    In this time, hourly amounts to 2" with local totals to 4" are
    possible, which would be most problematic in urban areas.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_cu3PDWDwuxUiKwxwzpex5n8GbOkxAy35vzo6ex4qu-gnai0fFMgebW8YOLYV_NLTWJN= BYzCADTNScwVUB8N0-NjP98$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ILX...LOT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40828877 40488805 39888912 39629031 40388936=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 00:55:52 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 070055
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-ILZ000-MOZ000-MNZ000-IAZ000-NEZ000-070654-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0039
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    754 PM EST Fri Mar 06 2026

    Areas affected...in and near Iowa

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 070054Z - 070654Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms are developing across portions
    of Iowa which have recently received heavy rainfall. Widely
    scattered occurrences of flash flooding are possible over
    partially saturated soils and in urban areas.

    Discussion...The leading edge of an upper low over the West is
    pushing across portions of Nebraska and southeast SD at this time.
    Elevated showers and thunderstorms have begun to blossom near a
    surface low due to the difluent flow aloft ahead of this feature.=20 Precipitable water values are just over 1". MU CAPE of 500-1500
    J/kg lies across IA along with effective bulk shear of 30-65 kts.

    Moisture should increase further across IA with time, with
    precipitable water values eclipsing 1.25" in some areas.=20
    Sufficient instability should be available to keep convection
    going well into the overnight period. Hourly rain amounts up to
    2" are possible where mesocyclones form, cell training occurs, and
    where lesser and greater organized convection merges. Local
    totals should stay at or below 3". The flow noticeably veers as a
    front progresses eastward, which should limit overall totals.=20
    However, given recent saturation, hourly rain amounts could be
    sufficient to exceed the low flash flood guidance values seen
    across a good portion of IA. Widely scattered flash flood
    occurrences are possible through 07z, both over partially
    saturated soils and within urban areas.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8t-DVljKG8AePntYFJXiFaWqOUul6m6NleTEz-6TA7k68JCDan_Ut9hsSHGs-VWS4Bj3= Z1QII3DY3X-BNzoIM31_5yM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...DVN...EAX...FSD...MKX...MPX...OAX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43709310 43369042 41699019 40319259 40109486=20
    40619596 42499611=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 04:30:24 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 070430
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-071000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0040
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1129 PM EST Fri Mar 06 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern OK, southeastern KS, northwestern AR
    into southwestern/central MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 070428Z - 071000Z

    Summary...Training of thunderstorms from northeastern OK into
    central MO and adjacent portions of southeastern KS and
    northwestern AR is likely to result in at least isolated to widely
    scattered areas of flash flooding over the next 3 to 6 hours.
    Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches is expected, but isolated 2+ inch
    per hour rainfall will be possible.

    Discussion...At 04Z, a line of thunderstorms was observed on area
    radar imagery from northeastern OK into southwestern and central
    MO, with a history of training and peak MRMS-derived hourly
    rainfall just over 2 inches between Tulsa and Pryor, OK, just
    south of I-44. This line has been established for a few hours now
    and has resulted in a region of rain-cooled air being overrun by a
    40-60 kt low level jet. The SW to NE orientation of the line,
    matching deeper layer steering flow has resulted in areas of
    training, but the line of storms has shown some eastward
    translation over the past hour or so. Farther south, additional
    convective development has increased over southeastern OK, within
    weakly confluent low level flow, and is advancing northward into
    the southern extent of the aforementioned line in northeastern OK.

    Areas of training are ongoing from northeastern OK into
    southwestern MO, and this is likely to continue in the short term.
    While overall eastward movement is expected, the most likely area
    for training storms will be along the southwestern flank where the
    low level jet intersects the line. Meanwhile, 1000 to 2000 J/kg
    MLCAPE extended from the MOKSAROK intersection into central OK,
    ahead of a cold front/dryline extending SSW from eastern KS into
    west-central OK. A line of thunderstorms is expected to become
    better established as the cold front continues to sweep
    southeastward through 09Z, eventually bringing another round of
    locally heavy rain to portions of northeastern OK. While this
    second round of storms is expected to remain progressive, up to an
    additional inch or so of rain will add onto locally heavy totals
    from the initial round of thunderstorms ongoing. At least isolated
    instances of flash flooding will be possible with locally
    scattered coverage possible.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9_C8PkJrA_Owm1xEsyOiWlev0uastmEwoOXMM7o6CzP4SIXhGqA7dVgZGWKsVHZsllej= U5my1FNm5afr5JQ-qT0xemg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ICT...LSX...LZK...SGF...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 38429281 38409202 38259130 37739134 37089182=20
    36399277 35569413 35209490 35179550 35409584=20
    35779609 36279599 36849542 37479443 37879367=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 05:51:24 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 070551
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-070920-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0041
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1250 AM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...IA/IL/WI junction into southern WI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 070547Z - 070920Z

    SUMMARY...Training of heavy rain with 1-2 inches per hour may
    produce localized flash flooding from the IA/IL/WI tri-state
    region into southern WI through 09Z.

    DISCUSSION...Local radar imagery over southern WI showed the
    presence of an MCV or at least a northern bookend vortex about 30
    miles NW of Madison, WI. The motion of this feature was toward the
    ENE at a rapid pace of 40-50 kt. A strong low level jet of 40 to
    70 kt (70 kt @ KDVN at 0504Z) was helping to rapidly transport
    rich low level moisture to the north where it intersected a
    southwestward extending line of storms from near the MCV center.

    Forecast motion of the MCV takes it into central Lake Michigan
    within the next 3-4 hours but there could be areas of training
    along the axis of thunderstorms flanking the southwestern quadrant
    of the circulation, with 1 to 2 inches per hour despite limited
    MUCAPE of ~500 J/kg. While recent hires models do not have a good
    handle on this feature, short term observational trends and
    extrapolation indicate the best potential for training from the
    IA/IL/WI tri-state region into southern WI with potential for 1 to
    2 inches of rain in about an hour through about 09Z. Given 3-hr
    flash flood guidance values below 2 inches across the region,
    minor flash flooding will be possible, especially if there is
    overlap with any urban locations.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_CbYSD-aj5mdLKSEPKlqZHichx8ffHHTjA6qAX6Jpx9_NZ16baOGfYA71z2Dj4NN2LoQ= znJ-AGHq9Ali2DPmnbzgfoY$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DVN...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43858844 43808755 42798771 42398875 42168975=20
    42249059 42509082 42869048 43508957=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 09:56:58 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 070956
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-071530-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0042
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    455 AM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern TX/southeastern OK into AR and
    southeastern MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 070955Z - 071530Z

    SUMMARY...Flash flooding will be possible across portions of
    northeastern TX, southeastern OK into AR and southeastern MO
    through 15Z. Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches will be common
    within cell training, but isolated 2+ inch per hour rainfall
    cannot be ruled out.

    DISCUSSION...The coverage of showers and thunderstorms has been
    gradually increasing from northeastern TX into western/central AR
    over the past hour, ending 0940Z. The continued transport of low
    level moisture into the region and perhaps some weak low level
    confluence has contributed to the recent increase as low level CIN
    decreases. Meanwhile, a line of thunderstorms was located to the
    west, along a NE to SW oriented cold front, analyzed from a GMJ to
    ADH to DYS line at 09Z. The environment from southeastern OK into
    central AR consisted of 1000-2000 J/kg MLCAPE, 1.4 to 1.6 inch
    PWATs and sufficient effective bulk shear values for organized
    storms, per SPC mesoanalysis data.

    At least a modest increase in the coverage of cells is expected to
    continue from far northeastern TX into western/central AR over the
    next few hours with some degree of continued moisture advection
    beneath diffluent flow aloft. The environment will continue to
    support a line of thunderstorms along and ahead of the cold front
    as it continues to advance southeastward, reaching southeastern OK
    by 12Z and central AR by 15Z. As thunderstorm coverage fills in
    from southeastern OK into central AR, cell mergers and training
    potential will increase. Hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches will be
    common where cell training occurs and isolated 2+ in/hr rainfall
    values will also be possible. Peak storm total rainfall of 2 to 4
    inches should be expected through 15Z which could produce isolated
    to widely scattered instances of flash flooding. Below average
    precipitation experienced over much of the region over the past
    few weeks may act to mitigate flash flooding to urban overlap or
    otherwise poorly drainage locations.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!572Q3M5-9eW4h4Gdt6dqk8Vs-JAifHlJSFikncaokp8cFUECJNgx_bLRNBSaimpMRnR2= _ZLxbaqeT_K0mBGqvi_BF_A$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...LSX...LZK...MEG...OUN...PAH...SGF...SHV...
    TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37099014 36168967 35189033 33709311 33439515=20
    33819637 34829581 36089355 37029134=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 19:44:35 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 071944
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-080100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0044
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    243 PM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...Northern LA...Central MS...Adj. Portions of SE AR
    & E TX...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 071945Z - 080100Z

    SUMMARY...Progressive convective line likely to be limited in
    duration but will intersect/merge with precursory slower moving
    cells along the western Gulf return moisture axis. Widely
    scattered 2-3.5" in 2-3 hours pose low-end possible incident or
    two of localized flash flooding through evening.

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR mosaic and GOES-E imagery suite depict
    a forward propagating convective line with numerous cells
    developing along the forward flanks sliding east-northeastward
    through the deeper layer steering flow allowing for some stronger
    thunderstorms to linger for near an hour before pressing southeastward/redeveloping. Solid mid to upper 60s Tds and near
    .8-.9" of PW through the lowest layer and totaling near 1.7"
    across the Lower MS Valley; and solid lapse rates given 2000+ J/kg
    of MLCAPE support fairly efficient rainfall production given
    strength of flux (on 30kts of southerly inflow). This helps to
    support 1.5-1.75"/hr rates and similar totals, but again, also
    supports solid forward propagation vectors to limit duration.=20

    Overall FFG values (2-2.5"/hr 3"/3hrs), especially given dry
    recent conditions are not likely to be eclipsed by this alone;
    though intensity forecast by the HRRR of 1-1.25"/15 minutes would
    not likely infiltrate the harder upper soil column, greater
    rainfall totals still are needed to result in even localized flash
    flooding conditions.

    CIRA LPW along with VWP notes, strong low level moisture return
    off the western Gulf into along a sharp western edge of the 850
    ridge axis over the US Southeast. This has resulted in a fairly
    consistent pre-frontal convergence axis along this western Gulf
    moisture stream. RAP moisture convergence shows a weaker but
    sufficient moisture convergence axis in the vicinity of the
    Mississippi River. Remote sensing shows this convergence has been
    successful in developing scattered thunderstorms across E LA/W MS
    with a slower northeast cell motion likely to intersect with the
    approaching boundary. These will eventually merge, likely
    broadening the updraft, moisture flux and therefore rates in the
    short-term result in enhanced spots or streaks of 2-3.5" total
    rainfall in 1-2 hours as they pass. This still remains on the
    lower end of the FFG, so resultant flash flooding will be remain
    widely scattered and likely lower-end remaining possible across
    the area of concern through evening.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!49yzUqznTyi1UYmqoEk1AtTQlzvgALOEibaJmiq4eAEASUmVdZ-PmMN60cXl1m_Dr3Jv= 7T659iZnAQoypftrDRTPYng$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LCH...LIX...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33688954 33598878 33238852 32768843 32108876=20
    31408948 31059057 30979114 30999241 31259380=20
    31789434 32479385 32789329 33199171 33399093=20
    33579029=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 14:20:33 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 071420
    FFGMPD
    TNZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-MOZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-072000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0043
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    919 AM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...Northeast TX...Northern LA...Southern & Eastern
    AR...Western TN...Northwest MS...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 071420Z - 072000Z

    SUMMARY...Scattered to widely scattered streaks of 2-3" totals in
    1-2 hours along favorable confluence and training convective lines
    suggest localized flash flooding is possible through late
    morning/early afternoon.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV suite depicts a highly dynamic environment
    across the central U.S. with and exiting stronger northern stream
    wave across the Great Lakes providing a broad entrance region
    through the Mid-MS River Valley while a more subtle wave over the
    Big Country of TX has provided a subtle split jet feature
    providing solid downstream divergence aloft across the area of
    concern stretching from NE TX through the Delta Region. A stream
    of mid-level moisture is exiting from this shortwave along a
    surface to boundary layer WAA regime across the Red River Valley.=20
    GOES-E Visible imagery shows some breaks along/ahead of the
    shortwave and weak surface reflection with best backed low level
    flow providing strong moisture flux convergence and convective
    development near KTKI/KGVT moving south-southeastward slowly.

    Solid 1500-2000 J/kg of MLCAPE exist through eastern TX to
    maintain/feed these cells and with 35-40kts of southerly flow
    intersecting the outflow boundary, isentropic ascent may allow for
    downstream cells developing eastward. Deep layer flow should
    allow for some short-duration repeat/training. A slight reduction
    in overall moisture may limit overall rates, but over 1.5"/hr
    should support some localized spots/streaks of 2-3" in 1-2 hours
    before propagation southward limits overall totals. Slightly
    higher FFG across E TX/N LA may further limit overall coverage but
    localized flash flooding remaining possible.

    Further northeast, the window appears to be closing for longer
    duration, multiple rounds of thunderstorms as cold front is
    starting to make a push eastward through the MS Valley; one,
    cutting off the overall moisture totals along the 50+ LLJ streak
    but two, reducing duration of heavy rainfall. Still, regional
    RADAR mosaic and GOES-E Visible still shows a few southwest to
    northeast moving showers/thunderstorms pre-frontally across E AR
    with some TCU across north-central LA where the western edge of
    the western Gulf moisture stream is occurring.

    RAP/HRRR analysis shows deep layer convergence remains on this
    axis before becoming confluent with the surging convective line.=20
    The combination rapidly increases convective cooling as noted in
    central AR over the last hour or so, shows the merger/combination
    supports an hour or two of enhanced 1.5-2"/hr rates and localized
    streaks of 2-3" in less than 2 hours. These intersections are
    fleeting in duration but newer ones will be expected downstream
    into W TX/NW MS and N LA as the overall system slides eastward and
    convective line has positive southeasterly propagation vectors.

    Any intersection with urban centers will likely present the
    greatest flash flooding risk, but overall scattered to widely
    scattered flooding remains possible through the late morning/early
    afternoon across the area of concern.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!545MGXyZ_Ssl0BwFngKQPyaPOyUKXGCDNCyBov6WUEtoGs63xVol7-GKwX4uoJ6LGlZp= 3j5rXkygC2DvKdJg_MpFBI4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...JAN...LZK...MEG...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36219006 36128862 35228840 34138878 33228950=20
    32689032 32199196 31999355 31919515 31929641=20
    32209683 32869673 33259606 33399536 34529244=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 20:49:07 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 072049
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-TXZ000-080247-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0045
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    348 PM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...portions of Southeast TX & Southwest LA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 072047Z - 080247Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms are expected to become more
    numerous across southeast TX and southwest LA over the next
    several hours. Hourly amounts to 2.5" with local totals to 4" are
    possible, which would be most problematic in urban areas.

    Discussion...A frontal wave is becoming more pronounced in the pressure/wind/thermal pattern across southeast TX, which has been
    shifting southward as of late. It is tapping a corridor of higher
    dewpoints between the Middle TX Coast and Southeast LA, where
    there are in the lower 70s. Precipitable water values of 1.5-1.7"
    lie in and just south of this region. ML CAPE of 500-2500 exists
    in this area. Effective bulk shear is 25-40 kts, and increasing.

    The combination of higher dewpoints in the region and increasing
    effective bulk shear should result in convection with increasing
    coverage and increasing organization, which will ramp up hourly
    rain amounts. The frontal segment east of the frontal wave is
    likely to propagate slower than other segments of the boundary,
    which is expected to be the more likely focus for the heaviest
    rains. The main threats from a heavy rain standpoint are cell
    mergers between convection of various levels of organization,
    mesocyclone formation, and short periods of cell training as the
    flow is nearly unidirectional with height from the southwest.=20
    Hourly rain amounts up to 2.5" with local totals to 4" appear
    possible in this environment. The RRFS, which can bias high,
    shows a 10-20% chance of 5" amounts in the 21z-03z window. Due to
    ongoing drought, widely scattered instances of flash flooding are
    possible, more likely in urban areas.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8y-uNwIF0JZLmrqRcYDFGhiCq7zaQew6VfU_eEyPWTLoxZfoOHqdnVXpWd8_XUzItEVx= oKzK7k_hNNWECZysLs6MTHU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...LCH...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32059397 31349310 30019400 29609587 29889696=20
    31169596=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 21:20:38 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 072120
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-080048-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0046
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    419 PM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...portions of South-Central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 072118Z - 080048Z

    Summary...An incoming mesocyclone and elevated thunderstorms out
    ahead of it with some backbuilding character could yield hourly
    amounts to 2.5" and local totals to 4" across South-Central TX
    over the next few hours. Flash flooding is more probable in urban
    areas.

    Discussion...A frontal boundary is edging southward across the
    region, with more southward sag east of San Antonio than from the
    city westward. Showers and thunderstorms with occasional
    backbuilding character are near and behind this front. To the
    west, northwest of Sabinal, a mesocyclone is progressing eastward
    elevated over the front. Precipitable water values of 1.4-1.7"
    lie here. ML CAPE is ~ 2000 J/kg, and effecitve bulk shear of
    30-50 kts is helping to sustain the mesocyclone.

    Radar reflectivity trends indicate the possibility of backbuilding
    and cell mergers with the incoming mesocyclone as the main causes
    for heavy rainfall over the next few hours. Hourly amounts to
    2.5" with local totals to 4" appear possible here given the
    available ingredients, which would be most problematic in urban
    areas due to ongoing drought conditions.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!95fFyTL52dXOxSaiUekZeNloeGDcLbzhxoPwcUc5rXUAcYdhD3gVJ53nK76zuXCBB5W6= QtPNf0JkpsockHL8hCfeISY$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30089917 29859665 28959664 28989790 29169900=20
    29469982 29849988=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 7 23:50:10 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 072350
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-TXZ000-080600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0047
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    649 PM EST Sat Mar 07 2026

    Areas affected...northwest & north-central Gulf Coast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 080000Z - 080600Z

    Summary...Heavy rainfall concerns continue in the vicinity of a
    front sinking through the region. Hourly amounts to 2.5" with
    local totals to 4" could lead to flash flooding, primarily in
    urban areas.

    Discussion...A wavy front continues to settle southward towards
    the north-central and northwest Gulf Coast. Precipitable water
    values in the region are 1.3-1.7" per GPS data. Effective bulk
    shear is generally 25-50 kts, with the associated field sinking
    southward with the boundary. ML CAPE is 1000-3000 J/kg. The deep
    layer flow is generally out of the southwest. The above
    parameters support organized convection, and at times
    thunderstorms have organized into a linear or clustered
    appearance. Cell mergers have been common where 850 hPa inflow
    has shown some confluence in the Lower Mississippi Valley, while
    attempts at cell training have occurred north of Houston as of
    late. Mesocyclones have been present at times within the
    convective pattern. Backbuilding has also been seen at times.

    The mesoscale guidance suggests two main areas where heavy
    rainfall is preferred through 06z -- from far southeast TX through
    southern LA into southern MS, with a secondary maximum across the
    Brush Country of interior South TX. Based on the ingredients
    present, hourly rain amounts to 2.5" and local totals to 4" remain
    possible in these areas wherever cells merge, train, backbuilding
    occurs, or mesocyclones track. Much of the region is in long term
    drought so the three hour flash flood guidance values are rather
    high, in the 3-4" range. Urban areas appear most threatened by
    upcoming heavy rains. Flash flooding is considered possible.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6_31B0A2GaDp9yCuMrNtL1m7q3KSwVjiLETYDH5rg0VPMfyao5QAgd6DbBitCdCKZlUb= hTOn8LQy_SPD5O7JrtCkJ7Y$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...BRO...CRP...EWX...HGX...JAN...LCH...LIX...
    MOB...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33128827 32318749 30788773 29878893 29439145=20
    29329399 28539567 26859715 26289912 27299997=20
    28349995 29679852 31229470 32299144 33048981=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Mar 8 06:02:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 080602
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-TXZ000-081000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0048
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    101 AM EST Sun Mar 08 2026

    Areas affected...Gulf Coast from Galveston Bay to western FL and
    southwest AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 080559Z - 081000Z

    Summary...The threat for flash flooding will linger across
    portions of the central Gulf Coast from near Galveston Bay to the
    western FL Panhandle and southwestern AL for at least another 3-4
    hours. Hourly rainfall of 1-2 inches will be most common within
    axes of training, but localized 2+ in/hr rates are also expected.

    Discussion...0530Z radar and surface observations showed a wavy,
    elongated outflow boundary that extended from Galveston Bay into
    southwestern AL. MRMS showed the highest hourly rainfall values
    from south-central LA into southwestern AL with a range between 1
    and 3 inches. 05Z SPC mesoanalysis showed MLCAPE along and south
    of the outflow boundary of 500-1500 J/kg and PW values of 1.5 to
    1.9 inches where cold tops continued to periodically cool on
    infrared satellite imagery. 850 mb winds varied across the Gulf
    Coast region but were generally between 15-25 kt from the S to SW,
    supporting overrunning. Aloft a low to mid-level shortwave trough
    axis was seen from central AL into south-central LA, tracking
    eastward beneath strongly diffluent and divergent flow aloft,
    within the right-entrance region of a 120+ kt upper level jet over
    the MS Valley to the north.

    The elongated outflow boundary is likely to continue slowly
    advancing south and southeast over the next few hours, eventually
    pushing south of a majority of the LA/MS coast while warm/moist
    air continues to overrun it from the south. Areas of training are
    likely to continue in the short term, but should become less
    widespread through time. This will be as the low-mid level
    shortwave and the upper level jet max advance toward the E/ENE,
    weakening and shifting large scale ascent away from the LA/MS
    coast. Diffluence will remain pronounced over the Gulf Coast
    however, so there is some potential for more isolated thunderstorm
    development back to the west, near the upper TX coast where the
    outflow boundary may continue to linger just inland of the Gulf
    Coast.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4nu5WEY2EOHy9lm9_7pVs8y7KZABMIuguyQaAk-lfeCccbqg5K9lhz5T_Xf26cuwoZUi= eeDl8XTGzGH9ED8YkRwGY9w$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HGX...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32618773 32518715 31938687 30888711 30108764=20
    29828838 29708944 29539053 29469202 29429360=20
    29109447 29279516 30029517 30359423 30739214=20
    31049025 31378932 31988841=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Mar 8 10:02:19 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 081002
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-TXZ000-081400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0049
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    501 AM EST Sun Mar 08 2026

    Areas affected...Upper TX Coast into Southwestern LA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 081000Z - 081400Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated flash flood potential will exist along the
    upper TX coast into southwestern LA through 14Z. Training of heavy
    rain could support 1 to 3 inches per hour

    DISCUSSION...Area radar imagery at 0945Z over TX/LA continued to
    show scattered thunderstorms from near Galveston Bay into portions
    of southwestern LA. 09Z surface observations showed these storms
    were located north of an outflow boundary that extended from
    Galveston Bay into the northern Gulf, south of the TX/LA border,
    and then eastward, hugging the LA coast into southeastern LA.
    Stronger, quasi-organized cells, were located along the northern
    extent of MLCAPE, estimated to be 500-1000 J/kg via 09Z SPC
    mesoanalysis data. The instability was present from the middle to
    upper TX coast to just south of I-10 in southwestern LA.

    850 mb winds were from the SSW to SW via area VAD wind plots at
    10-20 kt and are forecast by the RAP to maintain a similar
    intensity over the next few hours. Low level flow overrunning the
    outflow boundary with cell motions oriented roughly parallel to
    the boundary were allowing for a locally increased training
    potential. Flow aloft remain rather diffluent which will aid lift
    across the region. The environment is capable of supporting hourly
    rainfall of 1 to 3 inches per hour which could result in a
    isolated flash flooding, however, low coverage of these higher
    rainfall rates should limit the flash flood threat.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4IA2jrZhvNStomp_AhBZ8AQvQrtrc0aoxCuonFMDq7iY9EuCAfyQcm__EMm6XPiSUR1H= pDe3-TDmu6LMs3JBUF9qU1M$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HGX...LCH...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30729289 30489231 30129198 29509200 29329247=20
    29409357 29189442 29059518 29539561 30279496=20
    30649372=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Mar 8 12:37:49 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 081237
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-081700-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0050
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    736 AM EST Sun Mar 08 2026

    Areas affected...South-central Texas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 081235Z - 081700Z

    SUMMARY...Slow moving cells capable of 1.75"/hr rates near the
    Southern Balcones Escarpment/San Antonio Metro may pose localized
    flash flooding concerns through mid-morning.

    DISCUSSION...EWX RADAR and GOES-E 10.3um EIR continue to show
    increasing coverage and cooling top/intensifying thunderstorms
    across south-central Texas. Return weak southerly moisture flux
    over the shallow cold front across Deep South Texas combined with
    favorable divergence in the exit/diffluence of upper-level jet max
    has enhanced scattered early morning shower activity into
    deeper/broader updrafts capable of intense rainfall. VWP at EWX
    combined with RAP analysis suggests a recent uptick in 850-700mb
    flow to 15kts, but generally into the northern limit to the weak
    isentropic ascent providing this additional convergence to
    generate/expand convective activity. CIRA LPW shows sfc-850 and
    850-700mb tight moisture gradient indicative of the shallow front
    with values near .8-.9 and .5" respectively. The loading of this
    1.5 to 1.75" total PWat into the cells has increased rainfall
    efficiency to support 1.5-1.75"/hr rates, especially the broader
    cell in Bexar county, which also shows solid suggestion of upwind redevelopment.=20

    Deep layer steering driven mainly below 700mb has more of a slow
    northward shift within broadly westerly flow, which is also nearly
    parallel to the moisture/flux gradient. This may allow for short
    periods of repeating to allow for hour plus duration or random training/repeating from upstream cells too. Spots of 2-3" are
    possible in 1-2 hours though the mid-morning (through 15-17z)
    until favorable jet divergence slides further eastward/weakens as
    well.=20

    Proximity to San Antonio Metro/broad urban center and Balcones
    Escarpment will likely be the greatest driver of flash flooding
    potential. Naturally low FFG along/north of the city with hourly
    values between 1.5-2" are well within the potential of low-end
    exceedance and suggestive of localized possible incident or two of
    flash flooding, especially if combined with hydrophobic urban
    setting, further compounding run-off potential. Though south of
    the escarpment across the sandier Coastal Plain, FFG values
    increase rapidly and therefore flooding risk would be considerably
    lower, but still non-zero.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9tzj-zTZ90x2te8mwPXgbDHtrsqYx0S_4Cjxoj7kTw-4gQaI7vWu40Z0j9hJOpsjHCDG= UFRr_SquB34e9DYxpbqy-ek$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 29999741 29759663 29389614 28909595 28569640=20
    28349786 28389910 28619953 28919971 29259965=20
    29649922 29919843=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Mar 8 17:02:52 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 081702
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-082130-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0051
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1201 PM EST Sun Mar 08 2026

    Areas affected...South-Central Texas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 081700Z - 082130Z

    SUMMARY...Risk of low-end, widely scattered incidents of possible
    flash flooding continue for a few more hours. Localized rates up
    to 2"/hr

    DISCUSSION...Surface to 850mb analysis shows the shallow cold air
    remains in place across the Coastal Plain of South Texas with
    surface north/north-easterlies across nearly all of the state.=20
    However, onshore flow has veered a bit toward southeast continues
    to isentropically ascend across the front which is banked up along
    the coast itself. Northeasterly flow through 925mb at EWX
    combined with recent CIRA LPW in the Surface to boundary layer
    level align to denote the moisture gradient aligns with
    directional convergence. MUCAPEs have modified slightly since
    this morning, but remain with pockets of values nearing 1500 J/kg
    to support the stronger vertical ascent for these scattered
    thunderstorms. Divergence aloft continues to be fairly solid in
    the weak split in the upper-level sub-tropical jet streak; but the
    upstream ridging is increasing and advecting eastward in WV
    showing the favorable environment will continue to shift and
    eventually diminishing through the evening as it reaching the
    central TX coast toward Victoria, TX

    Longer trend animation shows the 925 to 850mb just east of Rio
    Grande River near/centered around Cotulla; though WAA extends
    through 700mb before veering sufficiently for nearly west to east
    steering flow. This effective bulk shear nearing 50+kts along
    with RADAR animation shows updrafts have modest rotation to
    further isallobarically increase moisture flux convergence to
    broaden the updrafts increasing rainfall efficiency. Bunker's
    right mover propagation vectors allow for the more eastward
    deflection and slowing of forward motions to allow for increasing
    overall rainfall duration. Given total flux of the 1.75" at
    10-15kts through the low levels as increased rainfall efficiency
    in these cells toward 2"/hr with occasional localized upticks to
    2.5". As such localized streaks of 2-4" are starting to form and
    near the longer/higher FFG values (3-4"/3hrs). As such,
    localized flash flooding remains possible though likely remain
    widely scattered to scattered in overall coverage with overlap
    into urban centers resulting in the greatest flash flood
    potential.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!87kuqhY-PHOB8lpVdiEFATdF6AtIQzNEIP7IVPmpoLZjcG8lbRy0R0e63zzRLJHC7FVb= a5iY9d4hrVl9oZFkS6e-Snc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 29749720 29629635 29379606 28989601 28599622=20
    28279687 28189739 28099840 28169892 28469928=20
    29019937 29509900 29739809=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Mar 9 17:13:40 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 091713
    FFGMPD
    TNZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-ARZ000-092230-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0052
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    112 PM EDT Mon Mar 09 2026

    Areas affected...Central & Eastern AR...Southwest TN...Northern
    MS...Northwest AL...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 091715Z - 092230Z

    SUMMARY...Broadening upstream redevelopment of
    showers/thunderstorms with potential for increased
    training/repeating through afternoon. Rates increasing from 1 to
    1.5"+/hr with 2-3" totals over wet upper-soils posing localized
    possible flash flooding risk this afternoon.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-WV suite depicts a small and fairly compact
    roll-up vortex/shortwave over north-central OK shifting ENE along
    interface of strong zonal westerlies to the north and increasingly
    flattening sub-tropical stream across TX. This sub-tropical jet
    speed max at 70kts has left exit divergence favorably aligned over
    AR at this time helping to support/maintain initial convective
    activity into a broader complex. RADAR and EIR shows the leading
    edge of the convection has seen an uptick in activity/cooling as
    the cluster further expands into a weak bow like forward
    propagating MCS. The positive dPVA from the approaching shortwave
    is maintaining solid 40+ kts of west-southwesterly LLJ that slowly
    continues to veer with bulge of enhanced total PWats up to 1.7"
    interfacing with the upwind edge of the cluster. This will
    continue to support upwind flanking redevelopment on the
    isentropic moisture flux convergence (as noted with some weaker
    elevated development across Yell/Logan and Johnson counties at
    this time.

    RAP analysis along with GOES-E Visible imagery shows increasing
    clearing downstream east of the MS River and with slightly higher
    surface moisture; instability is starting to climb over 1000 J/kg
    perhaps reaching 1500 J/kg over the next few hours to further fuel
    the leading convective cells. Given the strength of moisture
    convergence, rain-rates will increasing from near 1"/hr currently
    toward 1.5"-1.75"/hr over the next few hours. As the inflow
    veers, and some weak divergence in the deeper layer steering flow
    across MS into AL, propagation should deflect southeastward a bit
    increasing the potential for the flanking development to
    repeat/train across east-central AR along and south of the TN/MS
    border (in proximity to an old eroding stationary front).

    As such, an axis of 2-3" totals are probable. Recent moderate to
    heavy rainfall has increased soil saturation over the last few
    days with current NASA SPoRT LIS 0-40cm ratios around 60-65% or
    slightly above normal. As such, increased run-off is possible and
    may result in possible localized flash flooding (as FFG values
    1.5-2"/hr; 2-3"/3hrs).=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7dAQwJKs4_u-8TvD6FLNcw5R__R8vOGlBxm4jPVMHErZbzOT0GBX90SS_B4FdjH9Z3XP= 52NByVPw9jnWkB0J219ny5k$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HUN...JAN...LZK...MEG...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35629295 35619178 35439024 35058830 34578749=20
    33778780 33468887 33619089 34059281 34709372=20
    35369357=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Mar 9 21:31:14 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 092131
    FFGMPD
    GAZ000-TNZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-100329-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0053
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    529 PM EDT Mon Mar 09 2026

    Areas affected...portions of northern MS and AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 092129Z - 100329Z

    Summary...Backbuilding/training showers and thunderstorms are
    showing some increase in hourly rain amounts as of late. Hourly
    amounts to 2.5" with local totals to 4" are possible, which could
    lead to widely scattered flash flooding.

    Discussion...Showers and thunderstorms have been showing some
    backbuilding and training character across portions of northern MS
    and northern AL, as new activity forms near an instability/thermal gradient/pseudo front and then propagates east, downstream. This
    is occurring within an axis of some low-level confluence and ahead
    of a very positively tilted shortwave moving across southern MO
    and northwest AR, which is adding upper level diffluence.=20
    Precipitable water values are 1.4-1.8". ML CAPE to the south is
    1000-2000 J/kg.

    The 18z GFS-bases GDI implies further increase in cell coverage
    and intensity through at least 00z, which is seen at times within
    the 18z HREF and 12z REFS guidance. The area of low-level
    confluence is expected to shift east with time along with the
    parent upper level shortwave. Given the available ingredients,
    hourly amounts to 2.5" with local totals to 4" are possible.=20
    Given the somewhat lowered flash flood guidance from recent rains,
    flash flooding is expected to be widely scattered in coverage,
    with urban areas most sensitive.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7T4DzFEPuF-viri77kXj2gMO2pn24WoR5Kz3a6HYAWivFfTzypaIbnI3GhL9c0flkEnF= EZ2s8ND0UgNI7BCoUoSLLno$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...HUN...JAN...MEG...OHX...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35138808 35058686 33908502 33328546 32348783=20
    33459038 34388969 35048869=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 10 03:23:16 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100323
    FFGMPD
    GAZ000-ALZ000-100715-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0054
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1121 PM EDT Mon Mar 09 2026

    Areas affected...central AL into west-central GA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 100320Z - 100715Z

    Summary...A localized risk of flash flooding will persist across
    central AL into west-central GA through 06Z to 07Z. Training with
    peak rainfall rates of 0.5 to 1.0 inches in 15 minutes and up to
    2-3 inches total rainfall may occur.

    Discussion...03Z radar imagery from KFFC showed an MCV just
    northwest of Atlanta, associated with a weakening convective
    cluster over the AL/GA border. The MCV was tracking steadily
    toward the east and cloud tops have been warming on infrared
    imagery over the past 1-2 hours as instability weakens. However, a
    remnant outflow boundary was analyzed from western GA into central
    AL, and was aligned WNW to ESE or parallel to mean storm movement.
    MLCAPE has been lowering per SPC mesoanalysis trends between 00Z
    and 03Z but 500-1000 J/kg likely remained along and south of the
    outflow boundary.

    Some ascent will remain across the region ahead of a mid-level
    shortwave located over the MO Bootheel at 03Z, with 20-30 kt of
    southwesterly 925-850 mb flow overrunning the outflow boundary
    from MS into AL and GA. While the window for flash flooding is
    shrinking, there will remain some limited potential for an
    additional 1-3 inches of rain from portions of central AL into
    west-central GA.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8cb38SomtAxAHQ4y82lrqMJ0hKANJTS6kQvBRMpFHDlf8E51PDWUYt1xclqDrxVXj8sO= Hl2LrorvMmZK8mizs5DebHw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...HUN...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34078419 34008362 33598306 33148295 32628342=20
    32388406 32398492 32608646 33028760 33638818=20
    34038770 33848674 33768601 33738512=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 10 21:05:00 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 102104
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-110300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0055
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    503 PM EDT Tue Mar 10 2026

    Areas affected...Hill Country into Central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 102103Z - 110300Z

    SUMMARY...Heavy showers and thunderstorms will be developing and
    expanding in coverage going through the evening hours. High
    rainfall rates capable of exceeding 2 inches/hour along with some
    periodic cell-training concerns will support a threat for some
    areas of flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-E WV suite shows a well-defined
    southern stream closed low and associated mid-level trough
    ejecting across northern Mexico. This energy will be gradually
    crossing the Rio Grande Valley going into the evening hours, but
    will be interacting with a very moist and unstable airmass pooled
    across large areas of central TX, including the Hill Country.

    MLCAPE values of 2000 to 3000 J/kg are already in place across the
    region with effective bulk shear values of as much as 40 to 50
    kts. Already CI appears to be underway based on the latest
    satellite and radar data west of a line from Del Rio to San
    Angelo. As the upstream shortwave energy gradually arrives, and
    what is left of the warm mid-level CAP erodes, convection should
    expand rather rapidly near and to the east of a dryline.

    A combination of multicells and supercells are expected within an
    anomalously moist environment characterized by PWs of 1.25+
    inches, with these values running about 1 to 2 standard deviations
    above normal for this time of the year.

    Rainfall rates will be capable of locally exceeding 2 inches/hour
    with the stronger and more organized convective cells, and some
    upscale growth into an elongated MCS is generally expected by
    later this evening. This will be supported by a convergent
    low-level jet reaching 30 to 40+ kts. Some cell-mergers and
    periodic cell-training can be expected, with some localized swaths
    of 2 to 4 inches of rain possible.

    These rains will pose a threat for isolated to scattered areas of
    flash flooding given the high rainfall rates and locally sensitive
    terrain.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-lC1A621pQswQp_M-xmUpnsH_VOPGMbO157Q0JLugxibBst1mQP3Sm5pQQiUFwjHJWHG= cimM2CDb3vHpCd6zyBWqsG8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...MAF...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33039909 32909793 31959754 30329885 29430014=20
    29290111 29920205 30890183 32310052=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 10 21:31:31 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 102131
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-110330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0056
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    530 PM EDT Tue Mar 10 2026

    Areas affected...Extreme Southeast WI...Northern IL...Northwest
    IN...Southwest Lower MI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 102130Z - 110330Z

    SUMMARY...Strong to severe thunderstorms will develop and increase
    in coverage this evening. High rainfall rates of 1 to 2
    inches/hour coupled with cell-training concerns will drive a
    threat for flash flooding, including for the Chicago metropolitan
    area, going into the evening hours.

    DISCUSSION...The latest RAP analysis along with surface
    observations shows a quasi-stationary front draped from southeast
    IA through northern IL and into southern Lower MI. Multiple waves
    of low pressure are transiting the front. Meanwhile, the boundary
    layer along and south of the front continues to rapidly
    destabilize with MLCAPE values of 2000 to 3000 J/kg seen nosing up
    across northeast MO through central IL. This is also occurring
    ahead of a wave of low pressure over southern IA.

    Upstream shortwave energy along with the eastward advance of this
    surface low will drive the development and expansion of strong to
    severe thunderstorms across sizable areas of the Midwest over the
    next several hours. This convection is then expected to gradually
    evolve into a couple of larger scale MCS clusters this evening.
    The 18Z HREF guidance and recent special RAOB soundings shows a
    strongly sheared kinematic environment, including along the
    aforementioned front, which coupled with the available instability
    should strongly support supercell thunderstorms at least
    initially. Cell-mergers and upscale growth of MCS activity will
    favor heavy rainfall totals in addition to the severe hazards.

    Rainfall rates of 1 to 2 inches/hour are expected which will be
    aided by a strong low-level jet of 40 to 50+ kts. This enhanced
    moisture and instability transport into the front should persist
    well into the evening ahead of the approaching low center which
    will favor convective sustenance. Cell-training concerns will
    exist in time given nearly parallel alignment of the deeper layer
    steering flow with the front. This will support concerns for as
    much as 2 to 4 inches of rain locally which will drive a threat
    for areas of flash flooding.

    This threat will extend across the more urbanized locations
    including the Chicago metropolitan area. The primary concern for
    excessive rainfall totals for this period will be across northern
    IL, but expect northwest IN and southwest Lower MI to also see
    this threat materialize late this evening and into the overnight
    period.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4tkbRv6AWfHvB_Pfak0CkgURwQLo4u8dMnTMDSaPAgHKgx0kTTqrTSpdB9DQhfin_EFR= f-PCtqkDF8E4XGzveS7td40$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DVN...GRR...ILX...IWX...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42718717 42588590 41908557 41268601 40648747=20
    40488904 40759037 41419074 42089016 42548857=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Mar 11 02:16:06 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110216
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-MOZ000-IAZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-110700-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0057
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1014 PM EDT Tue Mar 10 2026

    Areas affected...southeastern KS into central MO/western IL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110212Z - 110700Z

    SUMMARY...Training of thunderstorms is likely to produce a SW to
    NE oriented stripe of heavy rain from southeastern KS into
    central/northern MO. Flash flooding will be possible in a few
    areas with 1 to 2 in/hr rates at times over the next 3-5 hours.

    DISCUSSION...Radar imagery from 0150Z showed thunderstorms
    expanding in coverage near Wichita, KS, which was the location of
    a surface low and attendant cold fronts. Another group of
    thunderstorms was located near a surface low in northern MO while
    additional thunderstorm development was expanding between the two
    surface lows along the frontal boundary from eastern KS into
    north-central MO. SPC mesoanalysis and area 00Z soundings within
    the warm sector showed PW values of 1.0 to 1.3 inches and MLCAPE
    of 1000 to 2000+ J/kg from southeastern KS into MO.

    The cold front is forecast to slowly by steadily advance toward
    the southeast over the next few hours but a strengthening low
    level jet with 850 mb wind speeds increasing in coverage and
    magnitude into the 50-60 kt range from southeastern KS into MO,
    will support increasing convergence of storms along the boundary.
    Mean storm movement parallel to the boundary will allow for
    training of cells and 1 to 2 in/hr rainfall rates as the
    cluster(s) of thunderstorms advance eastward with time. Storm
    total rainfall through 07Z of 1 to 3 inches is expected, but much
    of that could fall within 1 to 2 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7bKxiNe35-zdAn05yFCfxvJMNpMjns8sui7UVs8Igzc1H0RcQ9HeB3pmsvKrA6aQ_GWE= JyQD74mTWjIZ3B7e4U5yxeo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DMX...DVN...EAX...ICT...ILX...LSX...OUN...SGF...
    TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41239017 40708960 39628964 38639149 37709417=20
    37089624 36969803 37449813 38119730 39309487=20
    39849352 40659244 41159108=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Mar 11 03:27:06 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110327
    FFGMPD
    OHZ000-MIZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-110900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0058
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1125 PM EDT Tue Mar 10 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern IL into northern IN, northwestern OH
    and southern MI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 110324Z - 110900Z

    SUMMARY...Training thunderstorms are likely to result in a few
    areas of flash flooding from northeastern IL into northern IN,
    northwestern OH and southern MI through 09Z. 1 to 2 in/hr rates
    and 2 to 4 inches of storm total rainfall can be expected.

    DISCUSSION...Scattered to numerous coverage of thunderstorms was
    ongoing over portions of the Midwest at 03Z with a training axis
    of cells from west to east through south-central Lower Michigan
    (locally 2+ in/hr), a forward propagating segment from southern
    Lake Michigan into northeastern IL and additional thunderstorms
    upstream. These storms were a combination of surface based and
    elevated with sufficient instability and moisture to produce 1 to
    2 in/hr rain rates where training was occurring.

    Ahead of the approaching upper trough, strengthening 850 mb winds
    of 40-50 kt will spread northward through the Midwest into Lower
    Michigan with overrunning of the front and rain-cooled boundaries
    within the warm sector. These storms will propagate overall in an
    eastward fashion, ahead of large scale ascent associated with an
    amplifying northern stream mid-level trough over the northern High
    Plains. However, areas of training are likely where cells orient
    with the mean steering flow from the west to southwest. A second
    round of convection is expected to approach northern IL from the
    southwest in the 07-10Z time frame tied to thunderstorms moving
    across the mid-MS Valley. 1 to 2 in/hr rain rates will be common
    within areas of training and storm total rainfall of 2-4 inches is
    expected where cell training maximizes through 09Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_YXQzp0WBLGmq37RbsyrVGLD9nd4E_oCY6E_eeiefE_GPYR8u8X96yci7Mb734hL8dC0= IIqkh2POK96yvvxoPpY5ee8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...APX...CLE...DTX...DVN...GRR...ILX...IWX...LOT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 44198346 44028268 43358224 42558233 41758268=20
    41128434 40858614 40758764 40878921 41898928=20
    42468705 43528596 43958454=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Mar 11 05:28:08 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110528
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-111000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0059
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    127 AM EDT Wed Mar 11 2026

    Areas affected...central to northeastern TX, southeastern OK and
    southwestern AR

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110526Z - 111000Z

    SUMMARY...Training of heavy rain from SW to NE is becoming
    increasingly likely from portions of central/northeastern TX into
    southwestern AR and possibly southeastern OK. Rainfall rates of
    1-2 in/hr and storm totals of 2-4 inches through 10Z along with
    isolated flash flooding will be possible.

    DISCUSSION...05Z infrared satellite imagery showed two regions of
    colder cloud tops over the Southern Plains, one over eastern OK
    and another over south-central TX. Radar imagery and surface
    observations showed an outflow boundary between these two regions=20
    of convection which extended from just west of Clarksville, TX to
    near Corsicana and southwestward to near Gatesville where the
    boundary intersected an eastward advancing line segment over
    central TX.

    A 50-60+ kt 850 mb low level jet (sampled via VAD wind data from
    KEWX and KGRK) will help to slow the southward advancement of the
    outflow over northeastern TX, and will likely support increasing
    thunderstorm development along and north of the boundary. Low
    level moisture transport will also act to reduce a relative dry
    layer between 850-700 mb as seen on OSPO LPW and RAP analysis
    point soundings across the northern Piney Woods section of
    northeastern TX. Mean steering flow oriented parallel to the low
    level axis of convergence will likely support areas of training as
    the advancing convection presently over central TX makes its way
    eastward. Additional, more discrete convective development will
    also be possible over portions of east-central and northeastern
    TX, out ahead of the advancing convective line, but this potential
    is a bit uncertain. With or without the development of discrete
    cells out ahead of the main cluster, it is appearing more likely
    that areas of training will occur through 10Z from northeastern TX
    into southwestern AR with 1 to 2 in/hr rain rates from training.
    Localized flash flooding will be possible with 2 to 4+ inches of
    peak storm total rainfall expected.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4fbnMO9VYH8iZH3LBiBz9oypgjNWu-931qlX_Mi7QkuuYxAras5dIugajCII3BK1K8LK= O87OCJH8M8shVaHD2v452IE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...HGX...LZK...SHV...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34779291 34469230 33709240 33309280 32509363=20
    31679442 30919577 30989736 31349792 31629802=20
    32099777 32729687 33229614 33829530 34609432=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Mar 11 08:53:12 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110853
    FFGMPD
    OHZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-111400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0060
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    452 AM EDT Wed Mar 11 2026

    Areas affected...eastern IL, central IN into northern OH

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110851Z - 111400Z

    SUMMARY...Areas of training will increase the potential for
    localized flash flooding from portions of eastern IL into central
    IN and northern OH through 14Z. Rainfall rates of 1-2 in/hr and
    storm total rainfall of 2 to 4+ inches can be expected.

    DISCUSSION...0830Z regional radar imagery showed a broken and
    elongated axis of thunderstorms from near St. Louis into central
    IL and western IN, followed by another linear segment over
    northeastern IN into northwestern OH. These convective axes were
    located within the warm sector of a WSW-ENE oriented frontal
    boundary, represented by 500 to 1500+ J/kg MLCAPE from
    south-central IL into northwestern OH along with PWs of about 1.0
    to 1.5 inches (08Z SPC mesoanalysis).

    Some minor strengthening of 925-850 mb southwesterly flow (up to
    ~60 kt) is expected to advance from southern IL into IN and
    eventually western OH over the next few hours, helping to focus
    one more more axes of convergence near convectively induced
    outflow boundaries which will at times be in general alignment
    with the mean steering flow from the WSW to SW. This setup will
    support training of heavy rain at times with 1 to 2 inches per
    hour likely within any axes of training.

    Forecasts of instability from the RAP are for a gradual reduction
    through 14Z across IL/IN/OH which will act to decrease rainfall
    intensity but strong divergence within the right-entrance region
    of a powerful 150+ kt upper jet max to the north may help to
    compensate for the forecasts of lessening instability. Therefore,
    a chance for localized flash flooding seems plausible across the
    Midwest over the next 3-6 hours with potential for storm totals of
    2 to 4+ inches.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_Z8cFphTvW_N8XFRMYwpQkbaXxErJGIprrWPEANPT9DQhVwQmEJMv9LGPheKZYpsmAo5= hBXdZ-oVJ1wK-8GuROINSvE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...ILN...ILX...IND...IWX...LOT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42108112 41728081 41108194 40548310 39458592=20
    39148846 40248901 41158743 41688553 41668451=20
    41668360 41718284=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Mar 11 09:56:42 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110956
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-111500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0061
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    555 AM EDT Wed Mar 11 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern TX into central/southern AR and
    northwestern LA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110954Z - 111500Z

    SUMMARY...A continued increase in thunderstorm intensity and
    potential training appears likely over the next few hours from
    northeastern TX into central/southern AR and northwestern LA.
    Training of thunderstorms will support hourly rainfall of 1 to 2+
    inches and possible flash flooding through 15Z.

    DISCUSSION...Trends in GOES East infrared satellite imagery over
    northeastern TX through 0930Z have shown an increase in colder
    cloud tops over the past hour, related to an increase in rainfall
    intensity along a narrow convective axis, out ahead of a forward
    propagating convective line extending from the southern OK/AR
    border into east-central TX. This activity was located to the
    north of a weakly defined outflow boundary which has made it all
    the way to the Houston metro and the recent uptick appears to be
    related, at least in part, to increased low level moisture seen
    advecting north on OSPO ALPW imagery in the surface to 700 mb
    layer over eastern TX/western LA. Confluent flow just above the
    surface located beneath modestly diffluent upper level winds was
    observed over the TX/AR border where 500-1500 J/kg MLCAPE was
    estimated on the 09Z SPC mesoanalysis with little to no inhibition.

    Low level moisture transport into the region and low level
    confluence appear to remain in the short term forecast across the
    ArkLaTex and eastward into southern AR and northwestern LA. Given
    sufficient instability looks to remain present across the region
    over the next 3-6 hours via recent RAP forecasts, an axis of heavy
    rain looks likely to setup from northeastern TX into AR/LA. While
    this expected SW to NE axis of heavy rain should generally move
    from west to east, there is the potential for the southwestern
    flank of the axis to stall, supporting the potential for increased
    training and rain rates that could exceed 2 in/hr. However, more
    likely rain rates within training should fall in the 1-2 in/hr
    range. Through 15Z, 2 to 4+ inches of rain will be possible, much
    of which could fall within 2-3 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9uI-asL2kWpYIuDXduHCMxNuxYzA8JgQ7Ajo5KuVy07eO8Qqht4G9OoHK1K5yMdEgfj6= 8Bl-L0RfqDeiXC9FeahlHVw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HGX...JAN...LZK...MEG...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35309103 34999037 33429120 31619338 31059480=20
    31729528 33069475 34859258=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Mar 11 16:52:15 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 111652
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-PAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-KYZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-112250-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0062
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1250 PM EDT Wed Mar 11 2026

    Areas affected...Portions of the OH Valley and Lower Great Lakes

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 111650Z - 112250Z

    SUMMARY...Broken clusters of locally heavy showers and
    thunderstorms will continue through the afternoon hours. Locally
    high rainfall rates, moistening antecedent conditions and some
    cell-training concerns will maintain a threat for additional
    runoff problems including isolated to scattered areas of flash
    flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-E satellite imagery along with radar
    shows broken clusters of heavy showers and thunderstorms advancing
    across the OH Valley and Lower Great Lakes region. More broadly,
    this activity is associated with strong warm air advection and
    moisture transport continuing to lift northeastward ahead of a
    wave of low pressure over southern Lower MI by also with the
    advance of multiple shortwave impulses across the region.

    Warm-sector diurnal heating with increasing solar insolation is
    noted over central and southern OH and extending back to the
    southwest over northern KY, southern IN and southeast IL. This has
    allowed for these areas to increasingly destabilize, and MUCAPE
    values of 1000 to 1500 J/kg are noted here with 3-hour MUCAPE
    differentials of locally 250 to 500+ J/kg seen from far southern
    IN and northern KY through central WV. This is allowing for a
    well-defined differential heating/outflow boundary to establish
    itself which is expected to become an increasing focus for
    convection going through the afternoon hours. This will further be
    facilitated by arrival of a new shortwave impulse from the Midwest
    which should yield favorable 400 to 700 mb DPVA within the broader
    warm air advection regime to drive deeper layer ascent.

    Meanwhile, areas downstream over western PA and far western NY are
    under the influence of a lead shortwave impulse with focused warm
    air advection and DPVA yielding broken areas of convection. Some
    hints at mesocyclone activity is noted in radar over Lake Erie,
    and this may help to bring locally focused rains into far western
    NY in a couple of hours. The 12Z HREF/06Z REFS guidance does
    attempt to bring the upstream convection back over some areas of central/southern OH through northern WV and southwest PA later
    today.

    Expecting a gradual uptick in rainfall rates capable of reaching
    1.5"/hour with the stronger storms. Given the cell-training
    concerns near the aforementioned differential heating/outflow
    boundary, some additional rainfall totals of 2 to 3 inches will be
    possible. This will pose a threat for isolated to scattered areas
    of flash flooding.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4epEr0m_uTWVSbIfLr7vCQwmeFuPccCynI3AOkF4kTvyEbQ64setvRY_4fU5ij9gNgh0= Y3tb4NkGOR-qT7LFqWi1mCs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BUF...CLE...CTP...ILN...ILX...IND...IWX...JKL... LMK...LSX...PAH...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...RHA...TAR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42827882 42437812 40997863 39528042 38428376=20
    37878744 38018892 38448943 38948890 40148540=20
    40948307 42168059=20

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Mar 15 18:42:13 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 151842
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-160000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0063
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    240 PM EDT Sun Mar 15 2026

    Areas affected...South FL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 151840Z - 160000Z

    SUMMARY...Slow-moving clusters of showers and thunderstorms with
    extreme rainfall rates may cause flash flooding going through
    early this evening. This could include some urban impacts.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-E IR satellite imagery along with
    radar shows slow-moving clusters of very heavy showers and
    thunderstorms impacting portions of Miami-Dade and Collier
    Counties.

    This convection is focusing within a moist and unstable
    environment characterized by MLCAPE values of 1500 to 2500 J/kg
    and PWs of 1.5 to 1.7 inches. Some modest shear is in place with
    as much as 20 to 30 kts of effective bulk shear. Much of the
    activity recently though is tending to get its focus along the
    presence of multiple mesoscale boundaries including outflow and
    sea-breeze boundaries where there is small-scale convergence
    working with the favorable thermodynamic environment.

    Some modestly divergent flow aloft is noted also given proximity
    of a weak shortwave west of the FL Straits and Cuba. This modest
    deep layer ascent coupled with colliding surface boundaries should
    tend to keep the convective threat maintained going into the
    evening hours before sufficient levels of instability exhaustion
    occurs to promote a weakening trend of the convection.

    Already parts of the FL Everglades in Miami-Dade County have seen
    over 5 inches of rain, with much of the activity staying away from
    the urban areas. However, over the next few hours there will still
    be a threat locally for some of these stronger thunderstorms and
    heavier rainfall rates to impact the more populated areas of
    southern FL which in this case will extend to the the southwest
    coast including areas from Ft. Myers down through Naples. The
    southeast coast of FL meanwhile from Miami down to Homestead will
    still need to closely watch some of these slow-moving cells.

    Rainfall rates of 2 to 4 inches/hour and storm totals locally
    exceeding 5 inches are expected where any cells become anchored.
    Earlier runs of the HRRR and RRFS were suggesting this near parts
    of southwest FL in particular. As such, some areas of flash
    flooding will be possible given the very high rainfall rates and
    totals which may include some urban impacts.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6VYKq4ZHl918Q3pvMYHNoqpOeYvAl-jH0wrrSGBnRCSi1o3jC2LsBNc7NHfFUTvg-7RE= -pJF1ZBRxkXB7uyLw6uPMHo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...KEY...MFL...TBW...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 27018174 26468098 26118014 25657992 25178031=20
    25298104 26088186 26738218=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Mar 26 20:47:21 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 262047
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-PAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-270230-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0064
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    446 PM EDT Thu Mar 26 2026

    Areas affected...Northern Ohio...Western & Central PA... Southwest
    NY...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 262045Z - 270230Z

    SUMMARY...Saturated upper-layer soils/low FFG may be locally
    exceeded given potential for quick burst thunderstorms capable of
    .5-.75"/hr rates and localized totals of 1.5-2", especially
    in/near corridor or two of repeating cells.

    DISCUSSION...A strong 150-180kt 250mb zonal jet is streaking
    across the northern Great Lakes into southern Quebec with a subtle
    but sufficiently diffluent right exit region across the Lower
    Great Lakes this afternoon. In response, strong southwesterly
    warm-air advection regime is drawing higher moisture and slightly
    above normal higher theta-E air across the northern Ohio Valley
    into the Allegheny Plateau. Low level flow is solid per VWP with
    35-45kts of 925-850mb flow from the southwest with sufficient
    veering through 700-500mb to allow for a fairly unidirectional
    steering flow, with allowable for upstream redeveloping cells to
    potentially repeat across the area of concern late this afternoon
    into evening.=20

    At the surface a well defined front extends from the main surface
    low in SE IA across the southern LP of Michigan where secondary
    weaker wave exists, likely responding to the mid-level
    shortwave/diffluence pattern aloft. Surface moisture convergence
    in proximity to the surface front is further enhanced by cooler
    Lake Breeze and sharper low level temperature gradient along the
    southern coasts. This isentropic boundary in the low level flow
    regime will support enhanced moisture convergence at the
    northwestern nose of the mid-level instability pool upstream over
    IL/IN/NW OH. Available moisture is slightly above average with
    total Pwat values AoA 1.25", though the bulk is below 700mb and
    any thunderstorm development will help to load in the lower
    profiles providing some increased rainfall potential. Forward
    propagation will be very fast limiting overall duration, but
    Hi-Res CAMs include recent WoFS runs suggest isolated but broader
    updrafts capable of the very quick bursts of .5-.75" in 15-30 minutes...particularly further west and deeper into the more
    unstable (1500+ J/kg MUCAPE), higher moisture.=20

    However, the hydrological ground conditions are very sensitive as
    green-up is just about to start. FFG values are below average
    with hourly values about 1" reducing to .5-.75" across northern PA
    into S central PA. NASA SPoRT LIS products show 0-40cm saturation
    values over 60% increasing to over 80% where the lowest FFG value
    are; so even less vertically intense showers/thunderstorms capable
    of .25-.5"/hr rates downstream into NY/Central PA are likely to
    shed nearly all rain toward runoff. The overall magnitudes and
    coverage are likely to be limited in scope and lower end, but
    still pose a possible incident or two of flash flooding. This is
    also a concern across the larger urban centers of NE OH toward
    Pittsburgh metro later this evening.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9JCEIU5YItr7GdI7YePu8DnzptH-WUp77K6dlDwxPSN7BGp-1c-UvyeeyqpzQ03SeznQ= 4fb5sFTjjRsN87RHTbZVBP8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BGM...BUF...CLE...CTP...ILN...IWX...PBZ...

    ATTN...RFC...RHA...TAR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42667650 42057570 41177590 40477698 40127924=20
    40008191 39968419 40858437 41558200 42068053=20
    42287976 42627812=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 31 08:26:12 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 310826
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-311425-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0065
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    425 AM EDT Tue Mar 31 2026

    Areas affected...Western and Central New York

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 310825Z - 311425Z

    SUMMARY...An broken and fairly organized band of heavy showers and thunderstorms will move into western and central New York going
    through the morning hours. Locally heavy rainfall rates and some
    potential cell-training concerns will couple with moist antecedent
    conditions and areas of melting snow to foster a threat for
    localized flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...Recent regional radar mosaics and GOES-E infrared
    satellite imagery indicate that previously scattered convection
    over southern Ontario and Lower Michigan has congealed into a
    broken, linear band of semi-organized convection. Cloud tops have
    cooled significantly, denoting vigorous, sustained updrafts and
    thus a trend toward heavier rainfall rates.

    This activity is being driven by multiple upstream waves of low
    pressure over Lower Michigan that are transiting a stalled surface
    boundary draped across the Lower Great Lakes. Out ahead of these
    surface waves, the kinematic and thermodynamic environment is
    favorable for heavy, and locally training areas of convection
    which should enter western New York over the next couple of hours.
    A robust 50+ kt west-southwesterly low-level jet is nosing
    directly into the region, and this is generating intense speed
    convergence and enhanced warm air advection. The resultant
    isentropic ascent and forcing along the front coupled with the
    nose of modest instability with MUCAPE values of 500 to 1000 J/kg
    should allow for the upstream convective mass to advance east
    across western and eventually parts of central New York going
    through the morning hours.

    Rainfall rates are expected to climb into the 0.50" to 1.0"/hr
    range which is supported by the 00Z HREF guidance. Given the
    cell-training concerns, some rainfall totals this morning may
    reach 1.5 to 3.0 inches. The HREF guidance shows the highest
    probabilities of this generally near the Lake Ontario shoreline
    and the I-90 corridor.

    NASA SPoRT soil moisture and USGS streamflow data suggests an
    increasingly moist and sensitive environment that will be
    conducive for this morning's rainfall leading to an increase in
    runoff concerns. Some snowmelt over the Tug Hill Plateau region is
    ongoing and will further contribute to the risk. Thus, the threat
    for at least localized areas of flash flooding will exist which
    will include the highly urbanized I-90 corridor (Buffalo to
    Syracuse) and some of the adjacent steeper terrain.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8AHCzXz7s8TCfOg5ZP_VnIr4GREdIeEiVWfpL-qrMuZ5n0hODg8DcruXkoSt3K8v-wao= 1Z5e0VivG1oCnPGwt5-e5gw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ALY...BGM...BUF...

    ATTN...RFC...RHA...TAR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 44027576 43927446 43487388 42797394 42387468=20
    42307618 42467812 42797920 43377915 43497815=20
    43557751 43597685=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 31 17:33:17 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 311733
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-PAZ000-312330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0066
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    132 PM EDT Tue Mar 31 2026

    Areas affected...West-Central New York...Northern Pennsylvania

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 311730Z - 312330Z

    Summary...Training thunderstorms along a stationary front will
    support additional instances of flash flooding this afternoon as
    they overlap with moist antecedent soil conditions in west-central
    New York and northern Pennsylvania.

    Discussion...Airmass recovery is underway across portions of
    west-central New York and northern Pennsylvania as remnant heavy
    showers and thunderstorms from this morning depart the area ahead
    of a weak shortwave. Within the first round of storms, periodic
    cell-training led to an estimated 1-3" of rainfall near the Tug
    Hill Plateau per recent MRMS and NYS Mesonet data, which led to at
    least one report of flooding near Phelps, New York earlier this
    morning.

    While the first round exits, elevated thunderstorms are
    approaching upstream from the Midwest and Ontario as a 40 kt low
    level jet interacts with a shortwave and right entrance region
    ascent amid widespread 7-8 degree mid-level lapse rates. Over the
    next 3-4 hours, the RAP suggests this forcing will lift into the
    Northeast and support an environment characterized by 1000-1500
    J/kg of MLCAPE and 40-50 kts of effective bulk shear.

    Accordingly, CAMS are in good agreement for upstream storms to
    intensify and train with new development expected over western New
    York and northwest Pennsylvania this afternoon, even if they are
    too slow with the activity in the Ohio Valley. As these training
    storms eclipse 1-1.5"/hr rainfall rates at peak intensity this
    afternoon, additional instances of flash flooding are possible
    owing to the low FFG values over portions of west-central New York
    and northern Pennsylvania -- as low as 0.25-0.5"/hr in places.

    Asherman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5EJ-CgQX9tgN6nfLF0Fa6tiHXcmuxFoMcHFultO3zE69V3JEza4xWbKeQtuTn9gKjaR6= KwIuCGdxbVLgYyQfTr9zw60$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ALY...BGM...BTV...BUF...CLE...CTP...

    ATTN...RFC...RHA...TAR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 44307567 44047418 43257383 42387405 41997487=20
    41857593 41787794 41977970 42797992 43527915=20
    43647722=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 31 22:48:54 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 312248
    FFGMPD
    OHZ000-INZ000-010300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0067
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    647 PM EDT Tue Mar 31 2026

    Areas affected...Northeastern Indiana and Northern Ohio

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 312247Z - 010300Z

    SUMMARY...A line of training showers and thunderstorms could cause
    localized flash flooding across northeastern Indiana and northern
    Ohio.

    DISCUSSION...A line of storms, demarcated by a pair of segments of
    much more intense convection, has set up across northern Indiana
    and Ohio this afternoon. The initial segment of storms is
    weakening across far northeast Ohio and far western PA. The back
    segment of storms is closing in on Ft. Wayne, IN. In between, some
    weaker showers and storms have set up in an east-west line, with
    the storms also tracking east, resulting in training. The stronger
    storms in the back segment over Indiana have a history of
    producing rainfall rates to 1.5 inches per hour.

    Most high-resolution model guidance, while behind where the storms
    actually are by about 2 hours, still suggest that the back segment
    in Indiana will "fill-in" as it moves east, resulting in an
    east-west oriented cluster of more intense convection where
    individual cells embedded within the cluster train over the same
    areas. PWATs are over 1.25 inches into the Ohio Valley, and CAPE
    values are between 1,000 and 2,000 J/kg into central Illinois and
    Indiana. Combined with sufficient forcing along the front, the
    setup suggests that the storms will have no trouble keeping storms
    intense and capable of heavy rainfall through the late afternoon.
    Flash flood guidance of 1.5-2 inches in 3-hours over most of
    northern Ohio should be exceeded given the 1.5+ in/hr rates
    already seen with the storms over Indiana, especially as the area
    in between the segments of storms fills in over the next couple
    hours or so.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9katCsrILRBviETCD9baUTBW-entNocx3aUDfVX0zPtQ1-_gWeFWjQKpZxCjtuj3LBoR= n5aJas2ZuX-LnVZ95p0DOIY$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...ILN...IWX...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41428566 41388486 41388354 41338219 40998116=20
    40188133 39788205 39858257 40018339 40278406=20
    40528477 40908555=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Mar 31 23:34:54 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 312334
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-PAZ000-OHZ000-010500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0068
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    733 PM EDT Tue Mar 31 2026

    Areas affected...Western New York and Northwestern Pennsylvania

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 312332Z - 010500Z

    SUMMARY...Additional convection moving into western Pennsylvania
    and New York will likely cause more flash flooding into the
    evening as additional line segments of storms move over previously
    hard-hit and low FFG areas.

    DISCUSSION... A series of line segments of showers and
    thunderstorms are quickly moving eastward out of Ohio and the
    Ontario Peninsula towards western New York and Pennsylvania. Very
    low FFGs are in place across much of western New York from ongoing
    or recently ended storms. As the next round of storms approaches,
    additional rainfall will be moving over areas with ongoing
    flooding, or in the case of portions of western Pennsylvania, over
    areas with low FFGs such that new flooding is likely as the storms
    continue to produce occasional rainfall rates exceeding 1" per
    hour. Diminishing daylight will help to gradually lower the
    instability and potential rainfall rates, however, even somewhat
    lighter rainfall under an inch per hour, with sufficient duration,
    will cause flash flooding.

    As the storms move across New York and Pennsylvania, they remain
    likely to align in a roughly west-to-east line, allowing training
    from multiple heavier rain cells to move over the same areas.
    Thus, while rainfall rates may decline with time, training over
    low FFG areas should still result in some flooding. This is in
    large part due to a 40-50 kt LLJ tracking WNW across the region,
    supplying moisture and instability to the warm environment ahead
    of the front, but at an angle sufficiently parallel to the front
    to support multiple rounds of training thunderstorms.

    Late this evening, all the activity is expected to sink south
    across Pennsylvania and weaken with time as nocturnal, more stable
    air builds, thus ending the rain threat.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5e9nYAagNkdaLmiARDmb5B-J7MLVifvbNFdGo3hkmYXuJtkjw9XZ1oWUyCPemCjLUfDu= WEZ4i5EVs1mqfDGjSL66QBI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ALY...BGM...BUF...CLE...CTP...PBZ...

    ATTN...RFC...RHA...TAR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43427851 43347775 43287753 43307704 43307683=20
    43087627 42977548 42837468 42627382 41957389=20
    41857413 41547507 41197581 40797663 40507758=20
    40447868 40357938 40508016 41008064 41948069=20
    42547933 42847890 43047908 43307904=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 1 02:56:58 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 010256
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-INZ000-010855-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0069
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1055 PM EDT Tue Mar 31 2026

    Areas affected...Central and Eastern Indiana...Ohio...Western
    Pennsylvania

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 010255Z - 010855Z

    SUMMARY...Organized clusters of heavy showers and thunderstorms
    will continue to track across the Ohio Valley overnight. Training
    of convective cells will lead to additional localized rainfall
    amounts of 2 to 3 inches. Given wet antecedent conditions,
    isolated to scattered flash flooding is likely, particularly in
    urban areas and locations that have seen prior rainfall.

    DISCUSSION...Regional radar mosaics indicate a broad, active
    corridor of convection extending from central Indiana through Ohio
    and into western Pennsylvania. This activity is being driven by a
    persistent 40 to 50 kt west-southwesterly low-level jet that is
    maintaining strong moisture convergence and isentropic ascent over
    convectively induced outflow boundaries south of a slow-moving and
    largely stalled synoptic front.

    While absolute instability and moisture are modest, the highly
    favorable kinematics and the continuous convective regeneration
    along these boundaries are resulting in localized pockets of
    cell-training. Current MRMS instantaneous rainfall rates are
    generally 0.50 to 1.0 inch per hour, but are peaking as high as
    1.0 to 1.5 inches per hour occasionally with the strongest and
    most anchored cores.

    High-resolution guidance, including the 18Z HREF and latest HRRR
    runs, indicates this low-level jet will remain robust through much
    of the overnight hours before gradually weakening after 09Z. As a
    result, this regenerative convective threat will tend to be
    sustained at least over the next several hours. In time,
    additional slackening of the instability will tend to weaken the
    activity and lessen the rain rates. Nevertheless, additional
    localized rainfall totals of 2 to 3 inches are expected along the
    primary training axes overnight.

    Recent rainfall has left antecedent soil conditions wet to
    saturated across portions of the region, promoting significantly
    lower FFG thresholds. The combination of primed basins, fairly
    efficient rainfall rates, and rainfall duration will lead to areas
    of rapid runoff. As a result, isolated to scattered instances of
    flash flooding are considered likely, with an elevated threat for
    urban corridors and the sensitive terrain of western Pennsylvania.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5Cqq3Qkxda1cDhhl-m2210Q2IB8-1NPKXUSotooev16O4acN3ywmZbbQOEeHSEHgNphV= lpQWRHzZa9mdWjIbBM7F6J0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...CTP...ILN...IND...IWX...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...RHA...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41917964 41667841 41117789 40387837 40058033=20
    39898267 39958431 40068543 40418605 40978622=20
    41488551 41678458 41628250 41868093=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 2 00:01:44 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 020001
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-020600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0070
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    800 PM EDT Wed Apr 01 2026

    Areas affected...Northeastern Oklahoma & Southeast Kansas into
    Central Missouri

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 020000Z - 020600Z

    SUMMARY...Clusters of storms developing along a nearly stationary
    frontal boundary and developing area of low pressure are training
    and merging within the clusters as they track northeast. Despite
    very dry antecedent soil conditions, rainfall rates to 2 inches
    per hour with each strong cell will cause widely scattered
    instances of flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...Cyclogenesis along a stationary frontal boundary is
    underway across southeast Kansas this evening. A cluster of storms
    have developed southwest of the low, and is quickly congealing
    with other storms that have developed roughly along the
    Kansas-Missouri border south of Kansas City. The storms across
    Oklahoma have a history of producing rainfall rates to 2 inches
    per hour. Any hail with the storms should diminish with time as
    the atmosphere more fully saturates in and around the cluster of
    storms. Thus, the heavy rainfall threat will increase into the
    night. The low center will likely merge with a second low and
    Pacific front which is back to the west (not shown). These two
    features approach to each other will stall the eastward
    progression of the storms over the next several hours, allowing
    additional time for training convection to produce heavy rain.

    Antecedent soil conditions are bone dry across all of the
    highlighted area, so it may take another couple hours of heavy
    rainfall across the warned area before flooding can occur. Locally
    however, any areas under an extended duration of heavy rain could
    see localized flash flooding occur sooner. PWATs to 1.6 inches are
    being advected into the low on 30-40 kt southerly winds at 850 mb,
    which will sustain the storms into the overnight as that same
    low-level-jet intensifies above 50 kts once the second Pacific
    front catches up to the storms.

    More substantive eastward progression of the complex is expected
    late tonight, after 06Z, as the Pacific front catches up to the
    stationary boundary of storms and pushes everything off to the
    east. This will substantially diminish the flash flooding threat
    for this portion of the Plains.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!67PWvjvzgF5U3nymtUVCkJZO5-yAqUJy5QknMaWNxx8umxVicCfAnM6P3mTvaFirmEm1= VPlHiKZWo96NK2E-cjjv8po$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...ICT...LSX...OUN...SGF...TOP...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39889203 39669129 39089118 38339159 37269250=20
    36149391 35629503 35399613 35509702 35949717=20
    36489724 37049714 37489664 37869625 38649564=20
    39219497 39359466 39519416 39629374 39789302=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 2 05:31:49 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 020531
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-021029-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0071
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    129 AM EDT Thu Apr 02 2026

    Areas affected...far eastern Kansas, western/central/southern
    Missouri

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 020529Z - 021029Z

    Summary...Locally significant flash flooding continues -
    particularly across west-central Missouri. Another 2-3 hours of
    moderate to heavy rainfall are expected, potentially exacerbating
    ongoing flash flooding.

    Discussion...An axis of training convection has persisted along a southwest-to-northeast oriented line from just west of Columbia to
    about 50 miles north of Joplin. Along this axis, persistent
    rainfall has resulted in around 2-6 inches of rainfall in the past
    6 hours. The rainfall is being supported by strong southerly
    low-level flow (~40 knots at 850mb) impinging on a remnant outflow
    boundary from earlier storms. Deep southwesterly steering flow
    aloft was enabling additional convective elements to develop
    initially from a slightly more buoyant airmass over southeastern
    Kansas and move northeastward along this axis. Heavy rain has
    resulted in numerous road closures tonight.

    Additional heavy rainfall is expected across the impacted region.=20
    Deep convection extends from near Joplin southwestward to the
    Oklahoma/Kansas border near Bartlesville that will migrate
    east-northeastward. The clearing line behind this activity is
    roughly along US 75 (near a propagating MCS) and will take another
    2-4 hours to clear the region. Flash flooding is expected to
    continue (and perhaps worsen) through 10Z/5a central.

    Farther south and east, dry antecedent conditions and the
    forward-propagating nature of the Oklahoma/Kansas linear
    segment/MCS should result in lower chances for flash flooding
    overall. Low-water crossing and sensitive spots will have the
    greatest risk of isolated flash flooding in this regime.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!96GsjcHescerhJ3lgQ1A_gnKd4VW2UJIOnsXQXRJG4FnT6XwEYGU8_Q5qKm5fK_XSf6x= XQ3WmURy7ynKUQ7yom-iMMo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...ICT...LSX...SGF...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39379336 39269155 37939119 36669237 36579402=20
    37059514 37569530 38519466=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 2 19:06:29 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 021906
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-030030-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0072
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    305 PM EDT Thu Apr 02 2026

    Areas affected...Southern WI...Eastern IA...Northern IL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 021900Z - 030030Z

    SUMMARY...Periods of heavy rainfall within approaching
    thunderstorms may result in localized flash flooding this
    afternoon, potentially impacting the afternoon commute.

    DISCUSSION...A narrow band of heavy rainfall north of I-80 is
    making its way through eastern IA, northwest IL, and southern WI.
    This focused area of mesoscale enhanced rainfall is due to strong
    50-60kt 850mb winds out of the SW that are intersecting the
    surface warm front as it lifts north. The Midwest is also feeling
    the effects or a negatively-tilted 500mb vorticity maximum that is
    crossing east of the MO River this afternoon, generating
    exceptional upper-level divergence atop the atmospheric column.
    The highlighted region features >1.25" PWs, values that are above
    the 99th climatological percentile. Meanwhile, strong
    thunderstorms have flared up along the surface cold front in
    southern IA and northern MO. MUCAPE is likely to range between
    500-1,000 J/kg this afternoon as the warm sector races in aloft.
    These storms are progressive, but are heading northeast towards
    the same section of southern WI, northern IL, and eastern IA that
    are seeing MRMS radar estimated rainfall rates over 0.5"/hr. HRRR
    sampled soundings show warm cloud layers as deep as 10,000ft, so
    while rates may not be overly impressive, the rainfall itself
    features some supportive warm-rain processes aloft.

    In most cases, these areas would handle 0.5"/hr rainfall rates
    fairly well. That said, 1-hr FFGs are generally between 1.0-1.5"
    and with MUCAPE values gradually increasing as the warm sector
    encroaches, the band of rainfall currently in progress and the
    approaching storms could generate hourly rainfall rates up to
    1"/hr over the next several hours. Showers and storms remain
    progressive, thus limiting the areal extent and capping the
    severity of the potential for flash flooding. However, any areas
    that contend with both the ongoing band of heavy rain in eastern
    IA, northwest IL, and southern WI that then see the more intense
    storms pass through this afternoon could encounter some localized
    flash flooding and ponding. Any ponding on roadways could cause
    some trouble for motorists during the afternoon commute. More
    heavily urbanized locations containing a larger concentration of
    hydrophobic surfaces are particuarly prone to flash flooding, as
    well as low-lying areas and typical spots that drain poorly.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4kI67TM1hzkNwiHmOSK6m1yN5LwLWpPS3lCNlXFC-Yg9N8M29zrJZ7LNa5kbZ4sXjl3B= DOoNLcqj2eA1r7UuMCigUkk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DVN...GRB...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 44098771 43658752 43058766 42608790 41848894=20
    41488991 41449125 41799184 42539174 42929097=20
    43488964 44088827=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 3 19:49:47 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 031949
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-INZ000-040150-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0073
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    348 PM EDT Fri Apr 03 2026

    Areas affected...Lower Great Lakes & Western PA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 031950Z - 040150Z

    SUMMARY...Progressive but potentially training thunderstorms have
    the potential to generate rainfall rates over 1.5"/hr. Locally
    saturated soils could be particularly at-risk for flash flooding
    this afternoon and evening.

    DISCUSSION...Daytime heating and low-level theta-e advection has
    destabilized the atmosphere from central IN all the way to western
    PA with as much as 500-1,000 J/kg of MLCAPE having become
    available in the past 3 hours per RTMA. Mesoscale guidance is
    showing as much as 1.5" PWs will be available over the western
    half of the at-risk region while PWs range between 1.2-1.5" over
    eastern OH and western PA. All PWs referenced are comfortably
    above the 90th climatological percentile. Mean winds within the
    850-300mb layer are running nearly parallel to a quasi-stationary
    front located over northern OH and along the Chautauqua Ridge.

    As differential heating along the front strengthens and convective
    temperatures over the OH Valley are reached, widespread showers
    and storms will develop and track WSW to ENE this afternoon and
    evening. Storms tracking parallel to the front with no change in
    the mean storm motion will support the potential for training and
    even back-building storms this afternoon. Soils in the region have
    grown increasingly saturated, particularly eastern OH and western
    PA where MRMS soil moisture values are between 50-75% saturated.
    12Z HREF shows low chances (10-30%) for 3-hr QPF totals surpassing
    3-hr FFGs in northern OH between 21Z and 00Z this afternoon, with
    similar low chance probabilities in far western PA. Eastern IN is
    farther east of the better probabilistic guidance, but some recent
    CAMs runs have shown some potential for 1.5"/hr rainfall rates in
    developing cells.

    The progressive motion of these cells should limit storm residency
    times, but with redeveloping storms expected to the south and
    west, training of storms containing up to 1.5"/hr rainfall rates
    are possible. 1-hr FFGs for much of the area range between
    1.0-1.5" as well, making it possible for areas of flash flooding
    to occur this afternoon. Low-lying and poor drainage areas are
    at-risk, including more urbanized locations.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8l5tZCQ8U5jzSFpiqd3uD1sg9sw9HuwEmBUXx4_VUkwfn2SsR8DwDeLNy7zNTLlPDV96= lh7H6-9qcXBSYaN0UwToY5s$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...CTP...ILN...IND...IWX...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41877921 41557891 41047925 40688006 40088151=20
    39928202 39508341 39318469 39408562 40318614=20
    40828559 40998427 41158336 41368168 41728016=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 3 21:02:49 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 032102
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-040300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0074
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    501 PM EDT Fri Apr 03 2026

    Areas affected...Southern OK & Northern TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 032100Z - 040300Z

    SUMMARY...Strong-to-severe thunderstorms flaring up along and
    ahead of the dryline and an approaching cold front will back-build
    this afternoon and produce rainfall rates up to 2"/hr. Instances
    of flash flooding are likely.

    DISCUSSION...Doppler Radar and GOES East satellite imagery show
    thunderstorms erupting along the cold front over southern KS and
    near the dryline from the Red River on south and west. There is no
    shortage of instability as RAP mesoanalysis shows anywhere from
    2,000-3,000 J/kg of MLCAPE present. PWs currently are less than
    1.5" where storms are initiating. That will soon change as
    southerly low-level flow sustains the ongoing 850mb theta-e
    advection. Meanwhile, the cold front diving south will slow down
    as southerly low-level winds intersect the boundary, allowing for
    a prolonged window of low-level forced ascent into a highly
    unstable environment. PWs will soon top 1.5" as the LLJ
    strengthens and warm cloud layers gradually deepen as the evening
    approaches.

    Excellent vertical wind shear aloft (40-50 kts effective bulk
    shear) and increasingly curved low-level hodographs containing as
    much as 100-200 m2/s2 of effective SRH will support supercells at
    the onset before congealing into a more organized linear cluster
    of storms this evening. Where mesocyclones develop, rainfall rates
    can be enhanced and exceed 2"/hr in some cases. The concern for
    locally significant flash flooding is due to the slowing of the
    cold front and the receding dry line as it backs up to the west.
    Several hours worth of southerly flow into these frontal
    boundaries combined with beneficial vertical wind profiles can
    give rise to back-building thunderstorms from north TX into
    central and northeast OK through this evening. 12Z HREF guidance
    does show low-to-moderate chances (20-50%) for storms that are
    capable of producing 6hr QPF > 6-hr FFGs through 06Z tonight. The
    20Z run of the WoFS (15km neighborhood probabailities) also showed
    some >50% probabilities for >2" of rainfall just north and south
    of the OKC metro area through 02Z.

    Soils in the Southern Plains welcome the rain given much of the
    region's D1-D3 drought status. However, these kind of excessive
    rainfall rates over very dry/hard soils can struggle to soak in
    rainfall right away and act more as like a hydrophobic surface.
    This can lead to rapid rises in water both in poor drainage areas
    and near by creek beds. Any metropolitan areas with a greater
    concentration of hydrophobic surfaces are also vulnerable. The
    combination of excessive rainfall rates up to 2"/hr and what is
    appearing to be multiple rounds of thunderstorms into this evening
    favors the likelihood for flash flooding. In cases where
    back-building and training occur, locally considerable instances
    of flash flooding are possible.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6AiuvJ3eOGnAlJe23itflsM8uEAPnBo3alG2JInTg3_-1idawiIBf7s1ydK8mL7Kuvt2= 5xfQLpIeifP-eGgyqd8U1u4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LUB...MAF...OUN...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36929643 36649567 35409609 33489996 33020080=20
    32610173 32840212 33650126 34480022 35369909=20
    36499793 36859739=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 3 22:49:50 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 032249
    FFGMPD
    MNZ000-IAZ000-040430-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0076
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    647 PM EDT Fri Apr 03 2026

    Areas affected...Central IA...Southeast MN

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 032245Z - 040430Z

    SUMMARY...Thunderstorms approaching from the southwest will
    produce additional heavy rainfall over northern IA and southeast
    MN that saw rainfall recently over the past 24 hours. With soils
    growing increasingly saturated, localized flash flooding is
    possible.

    DISCUSSION...Rounds of thunderstorms continue to develop just east
    of the MO River as moist southwesterly flow at low levels
    intersects the 850mb front oriented from western IA on north and
    east into far southeast MN. Strong low-level WAA north of the warm
    front is allowing for as much as 1,000 J/kg of MUCAPE over central
    IA. Another round of storms on the northern periphery of the
    surface low will continue to race north and east over the next few
    hours in an environment that sports >1.25" PWs, which are above
    the 99th climatological percentile into central IA.

    Soils within the highlighted region were already coming into today
    a little more saturated thanks to yesterday's rainfall. NASA
    SPoRT-LIS 0-40cm soil moisture percentiles in north-central IA
    were above 80% saturation coming into today. MRMS shows 3-hr QPE
    from just north of Des Moines on north and east have received an
    additional 0.5" of rainfall (locally higher totals too). Most
    hourly rainfall rates are less than 1"/hr, but as the low deepens
    and WAA increases, warm cloud layers will also deepen and warm
    rain processes will make for more efficient rainfall rates that
    could approach 1"/hr. Latest 1hr FFGs are as low as 1"/hr in
    central IA. Flash flooding is possible, particularly along and
    just north of the warm front and the track of the surface low
    where a better source of instability is present. Locations most
    at-risk to flash flooding are poor drainage areas and spots where
    soils are beginning to struggle soaking in recent rainfall.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_r_IuqUMUIjk7Ch6sdo2ZPzGX-yKrltvOs3UOyWDa5oCCDftKcQQGGNHMWCbK50e-3YC= iIzHNj7H21Uytp12tVR17xs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...DVN...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43809169 43159133 42369175 41029340 40949450=20
    41969505 42589467 43089354 43729249=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 3 22:00:21 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 032200
    FFGMPD
    INZ000-ILZ000-040400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0075
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    558 PM EDT Fri Apr 03 2026

    Areas affected...North Central IL...Western IN

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 032200Z - 040400Z

    SUMMARY...Thunderstorms forming along and north of a warm front
    will be capable of producing up to 2"/hr rainfall rates. With
    prolonged, moist southwesterly flow expected to intersect the
    front for several hours, flash flooding is likely through early
    evening.

    DISCUSSION...Doppler Radar shows scattered thunderstorms having
    formed along a warm front that extends from the strengthening area
    of low pressure in northwest MO eastward into northern OH.
    Low-level southwesterly flow is providing healthy theta-e and
    moisture advection while MLCAPE along and just south of the warm
    front is >2,000 J/kg. PWs are forecast to surpass 1.5" this
    evening, which is above the 99th climatological percentile for
    early-mid April. Meanwhile, sheared shortwave energy racing north
    from the South Central U.S. will provide additional synoptic scale
    lift aloft later this evening. Vertical wind profiles will favor
    supercells with >40 kts of effective bulk shear and up to 200
    m2/s2 of SRH. As storm form along the front, persistent inflow
    into the warm front as it slowly moves north gives rise to
    back-building and training storms, increasing concerns for longer
    residency times for these storms.

    Latest 18Z HREF shows moderate chances (40-60%) for rainfall
    totals >2" in north-central IL. This is supported by the 21Z WoFS
    using cumulative >2" paint balls through 03Z. There are several
    CAMs members (RRFS, NSSL-MPAS, 20Z HRRR) that shows this cluster
    of storms having the potential to produce localized rainfall
    amounts >4" through this evening. 1-hr FFGs are generally below
    1.5" for the majority of the at-risk region, and even 3-hr FFGs
    are <2" (less than 1.5" on the southern periphery of the
    Chicagoland area). The southern tier of Chicagoland could contend
    with excessive rainfall this evening as elevated instability moves
    northward and the storms lift northward with the warm front.

    With concerns for training and back-building storms in an
    atmospheric environment suitable to generate up to 2"/hr rainfall
    rates, cases of flash flooding are likely in parts of central and
    northern IL, and potentially in western IN this evening. Should
    those >4" amounts on various CAMs come to fruition, locally
    significant flash flooding could unfold. Poor drainage areas and
    urbanized communities are most vulnerable to flash flooding this
    evening.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9Zqm5EQ8QJ4eq_dcSvuMqxde5ctbOiPbRtt4oF45VVxHWWHl6sfIkyj0o4kWhAQPiZLT= Tld5yLbJaYh2F-PYKE5BD7o$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DVN...ILX...IND...IWX...LOT...LSX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41768809 41418739 40948612 40618601 40098627=20
    40018747 39918909 39659073 39979130 40539086=20
    40919006 41388917=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 4 01:31:52 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 040131
    FFGMPD
    OHZ000-INZ000-040729-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0077
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    930 PM EDT Fri Apr 03 2026

    Areas affected...Eastern IN...Northern OH

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 040129Z - 040729Z

    SUMMARY...Additional training thunderstorms producing hourly
    rainfall rates up to 1.5"/hr remain possible through the overnight
    hours.

    DISCUSSION...Thunderstorms located along and just south of a warm
    front are also forming along a narrow outflow boundary to the
    south. Storms in northern OH have produced over 2" of rainfall in
    some spots per MRMS QPE and one LSR southwest of Canton reporting
    2 feet of water over a road. Rounds upon rounds of storms are
    likely to continue from eastern IN and northern OH to as far east
    as the WV Panhandle and southeast PA this evening. RAP
    mesoanalysis continues to show at least 1,000 J/kg of MUCAPE
    available, effective bulk shear up to 30 kts, and anomalous PWs
    between 1.25-1.5" at these storms disposal.

    1-hr FFGs have decreased to as low as 1" in parts of northern OH
    with all areas effectively below 1.5" thanks to this afternoon's
    thunderstorm activity. 00Z HRRR continues to suggest the
    persistent westerly 850-300mb mean layer winds aloft and low-level
    winds supplying rich theta-e into the front will create a steady
    diet of storms through the rest of the evening. 00Z HRRR 6-hr QPF
    shows an additional 1-2" of rainfall are possible with localized
    amounts over 3" possible between now and 08Z tonight. Given the
    current state of ongoing flash flooding in the area, and more
    excessive rainfall to come, additional flash flooding is likely.
    Locally significant flash flooding is possible where another 1-2"
    of rainfall occurs in areas that are already dealing with flash
    flooding. Note that flooded roadways will be more difficult for
    motorists to identify with the sun having now set. Motorists
    should exercise caution if they must be on the roads tonight.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-QCHH8OMPmGnSUAQ6cvwhTQNlISQOO_u7xsNTki7vtduQ6Yfb8xqYks-ICD21qvewlZx= D--TDlxavanM4ZMdv7ipPA4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...ILN...IWX...PBZ...

    ATTN...RFC...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41218275 40998150 40778103 40268116 40118298=20
    40358467 40628531 40898531 41188402=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 4 02:59:53 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 040259
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-040857-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0078
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1058 PM EDT Fri Apr 03 2026

    Areas affected...portions of Oklahoma and north Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 040257Z - 040857Z

    Summary...Flash flood potential will continue for the next few
    hours along the Red River Valley, north Texas, and central/eastern
    Oklahoma.

    Discussion...Recent radar depicts an expanding convective complex
    over central Oklahoma, with embedded supercellular structures near
    Shawnee, OK. This complex has recently produced 1-2 inch rainfall
    totals over Oklahoma City metro over the past hour, with moderate
    to high MRMS Flash responses suggesting likely urban flash
    flooding in the area. The complex was moving eastward at an
    appreciable pace (around 30 knots) toward
    less-sensitive/less-urban ground conditions, which may result in
    flash flood potential becoming more isolated with time. However,
    increasing low-level flow over eastern Oklahoma was contributing
    to an increase in deep convection ahead of this complex, with
    mergers likely to support continued 1-2 inch/hr rates at times for
    at least the next couple of hours along and south of the I-40
    corridor. Some training on the southwestern flank of this complex
    could also spread flash flood potential into the Ada, OK vicinity
    over the next 1-3 hours as well.

    Convection was also developing upstream along a southward-moving
    front through southwest Oklahoma and the Childress, TX area. The
    speed of the front should limit the degree of repeating/training
    convection here, and rainfall should occur over areas that have
    been relatively dry. Isolated flash flooding is possible in low
    spots where repeating can bump hourly totals above the 1-1.5 inch
    range.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8RR8Dwgx8Nc6M0A0rRRc7lEvTSp3Pc66kG1RjhwnissW-lHQcxBIxMjkCg_OVqBeydr1= NmrwFennnqw1AwUhDLDp2w8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AMA...FWD...LUB...OUN...SHV...SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36359490 35139451 33999530 32909765 33140060=20
    33670158 34770059 35119820 35499746 36219682=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 4 04:17:20 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 040417
    FFGMPD
    INZ000-ILZ000-040715-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0079
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1216 AM EDT Sat Apr 04 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern Illinois, northwestern Indiana

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 040415Z - 040715Z

    Summary...Training convection could persist for another couple
    hours into southern suburbs of Chicago Metro.

    Discussion...A persistent, SW-NE oriented band of convection has
    trained along an axis very near I-55 between Joliet and Pontiac
    over the past couple hours. The convection is becoming
    progressively more elevated with time, but is persistent within a warm-advection regime located just above a stable boundary layer,
    with ~1000 J/kg MUCAPE (per SPC mesoanalyses) supporting strong
    updrafts. The orientation of the convection was supporting
    prolonged rainfall, leading to rates in the 1-2 inch/hr range
    (1-2X higher than estimated FFG in the region). Downstream
    instability profiles are supportive of this band of convection
    reaching southern sides of Chicago Metro and far northwestern
    Indiana over the next couple hours, resulting in at least isolated
    flash flood potential. Outside of this band, deepening showers
    were noted across a broader portion of northern and central
    Illinois that may repeat over some of the same areas in line for
    heavy rain from the aforementioned band, but degree of
    training/high-rain rates is uncertain.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5oGpcz_H95CrQ9P7DD1e772UzfPY8quem7gDqTHIPQBUNM21ddfJCYfx4tetiuCdKC1o= 5UVg3ubnlawvUTe_1gpyKOc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...IWX...LOT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41888715 41528688 40948779 40988829 41278872=20
    41738828=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 4 04:20:23 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 040420
    FFGMPD
    INZ000-ILZ000-040715-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0079
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1219 AM EDT Sat Apr 04 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern Illinois, northwestern Indiana

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 040415Z - 040715Z

    Summary...Training convection could persist for another couple
    hours into southern suburbs of Chicago Metro.

    Discussion...A persistent, SW-NE oriented band of convection has
    trained along an axis very near I-55 between Joliet and Pontiac
    over the past couple hours. The convection is becoming
    progressively more elevated with time, but is persistent within a warm-advection regime located just above a stable boundary layer,
    with ~1000 J/kg MUCAPE (per SPC mesoanalyses) supporting strong
    updrafts. The orientation of the convection was supporting
    prolonged rainfall, leading to rates in the 1-2 inch/hr range
    (1-2X higher than estimated FFG in the region). Downstream
    instability profiles are supportive of this band of convection
    reaching southern sides of Chicago Metro and far northwestern
    Indiana over the next couple hours, resulting in at least isolated
    flash flood potential. Outside of this band, deepening showers
    were noted across a broader portion of northern and central
    Illinois that may repeat over some of the same areas in line for
    heavy rain from the aforementioned band, but degree of
    training/high-rain rates is uncertain.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!95o1G44xhRAXek0_2DYk6pSIAZkkVhqDAI9oXcEzGf0JY7r_gN5CB_WeznGwL5J4COD_= ZWGH3d-nvcGE_myqltzA_K4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...IWX...LOT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41888715 41528688 40948779 40988829 41278872=20
    41738828=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 4 19:03:02 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 041902
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-050101-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0080
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    301 PM EDT Sat Apr 04 2026

    Areas affected...Eastern TX...North-Central LA...Southern
    AR...Western MS

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 041901Z - 050101Z

    Summary...Heavy showers and thunderstorms will continue to
    increase in coverage across much of the ArkLaTex and ArkLaMiss
    regions through the remainder of the afternoon and into the
    evening hours. Areas with persistent training cells could get 1
    inch/30 minute rainfall rates, which could result in a few
    instances of flooding.

    Discussion...Regional Doppler radars and visible satellite imagery
    are indicating a steady increase in convection developing along
    and ahead of a strong cold front. Multiple broken line segments of
    pre-frontal storms have developed well ahead of the main line
    across much of central and northern Louisiana, and also across the
    northwestern half of Mississippi. These storms are starting to
    convectively train, leading to enhanced rainfall rates of 1-2
    inches per hour, and in some instances an inch in under 30 minutes
    where cell mergers happen. This will moisten the soils before the
    main line of convection approaches with the front later this
    afternoon and evening.

    Recent runs of the RRFS and HRRR are indicating the potential for
    scattered QPF maxima on the order of 2-4 inches through 00Z, with
    much of this likely occurring within a 2-3 hour time period for
    any given location. Although recent dry conditions across much of
    the region is a mitigating factor, the higher rainfall rates may
    be enough to result in a few instances of flooding, with a greater
    potential for this across urban locations.

    Hamrick

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6TJ5Yo_BSMsrzRQZKvYUNRSR_uJFpYLZ3vmsP37NhCSEIVqSUE_Ps1NeodLAbn1FmHOR= 1J2GOMXYqyotTJXZK116pzA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...JAN...LCH...LIX...LZK...MEG...
    SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34009043 33878966 33038933 31229040 30609073=20
    30419127 30769249 30769317 30659377 30399455=20
    30019552 29779623 29599690 29809730 30049737=20
    30439708 30819659 31309628 31709580 31949548=20
    32179511 32539463 32809414 33029372 33239315=20
    33349270 33429238 33569207 33669169 33859109=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 5 01:27:07 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 050127
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-050500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0081
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    925 PM EDT Sat Apr 04 2026

    Areas affected...Southern LA and South-Central MS

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 050125Z - 050500Z

    Summary...Numerous showers and thunderstorms will continue across
    much of southern Louisiana into southern Mississippi through the
    remainder of the evening hours, including extreme southeast Texas.
    Areas with persistent training cells could get 1 inch/30 minute
    rainfall rates, which could result in a few instances of flooding
    through midnight.

    Discussion...Regional Doppler radars and visible satellite imagery
    are indicating widespread convection along and ahead of an
    approaching cold front. There are several multi-cell clusters that
    have developed ahead of the main swath of convection associated
    with the cold front, and these are aligned in the general low
    level SSW winds and have been training over the past few hours.
    Many locations across central Louisiana and central Mississippi
    have already picked up 1-2 inches of rain over the past 6 hours,
    and locally higher, therefore making the soils more saturated and
    susceptible to potential flooding issues.

    Recent runs of the RRFS and HRRR are indicating the potential for
    scattered QPF maxima on the order of 1-3 inches through 5Z, with
    much of this likely occurring within a 2-3 hour time period for
    any given location. This activity should generally diminish in
    intensity going into the overnight hours as instability decreases.

    Hamrick

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4n9bWHs3DcmJI-CImz_pLZablPamVMzuhPYprk6cRUQCVqx1EJYLMgrvMwg8I9H8V1ET= 1swjHN2IRCxAozGJzLikTOE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32978902 32908865 32708847 32308846 31608863=20
    30838893 30148940 29799008 29729157 29749267=20
    29929312 29999321 29999321 30389328 30679311=20
    31149258 31689172 32199099 32609030 32918956=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 5 02:09:38 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 050209
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-050508-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0082
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1008 PM EDT Sat Apr 04 2026

    Areas affected...Deep South Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 050208Z - 050508Z

    Summary...A cluster of deep convection should eventually spread
    1-2.5 inch/hr rain rates into McAllen, TX and vicinity through
    04-05Z.

    Discussion...Deep convection has become increasingly organized
    across primary rural areas of Deep South Texas over the area. The
    storms are focused along an inverted surface trough extending into
    the area from northeastern Mexico, with light southeasterly
    low-level flow maintaining a surface airmass characterized by 80s
    F surface temps/70s F dewpoints into that axis. Storms were
    becoming more organized and developing cold pools/weak
    supercellular structures, which isn't surprising given directional
    shear through the troposphere. Southward propagation of this
    cluster should spread areas of 1-2.5 inch/hr rain rates into the
    McAllen, Texas area and vicinity, where urbanized surfaces may
    pose a risk of flash flooding as the cells move through.

    The overall synoptic scenario supporting heavy rainfall should
    change little through 05Z or so as the weak inverted trough
    persists and weak mid-level waves traverse the area. The
    longevity of convection along the Rio Grande is a bit uncertain
    and highly dependent on the local evolution of convection in that
    area, which should be relatively slow given weak wind fields aloft.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6-PGiJtHrnrSTk1OIvgeZk0r5sWUOI26gjZ65SduasNkLAfkKNnkwDeGtAD4f9eftZcj= WdMnKW9T-MaPgYhBOS0pi_Q$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BRO...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 26999850 26729741 25969739 26229887 26599905=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Apr 6 21:08:16 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 062108
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-070200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0083
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    506 PM EDT Mon Apr 06 2026

    Areas affected...Central Florida

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 062105Z - 070200Z

    Summary...Slow moving thunderstorms are expected to increase in
    coverage through the early evening hours across central Florida
    near an approaching cold front. High rainfall rates up to 2
    inches/30 minutes may lead to some instances of flash flooding.

    Discussion...Regional Doppler radars and GOES-E satellite imagery
    are indicating a steady increase in slow moving thunderstorms
    across inland portions of the central Florida Peninsula late this
    afternoon. Several multi-cell clusters have been exhibiting signs
    of back-building over the past 1-2 hours, and these are producing
    outflow boundaries that will converge to generate additional slow
    moving convection that may be heavier that what is currently
    happening now. The environment is favorable for storms with high
    rainfall rates given mixed layer CAPE on the order of 1000-1500
    J/kg, PWs near 1.7 inches, and 20-30 knots of effective bulk shear
    per the latest SPC mesoanalysis.

    Recent CAM guidance through 2Z is portraying the potential for
    scattered QPF maxima on the order of 3-5 inches with the most
    persistent convection, and much of this is likely to fall within a
    two hour time period for any given location. HREF neighborhood
    exceedance probabilities of 3-hourly flash flood guidance are up
    to roughly 30% between Orlando and Fort Myers, and there are some
    low-end probabilities of 6-hour QPF reaching 100-year ARI for some
    of these areas. Although this area is in a drought, the high
    sub-hourly rainfall rates could be enough to overcome this
    limitation and result in some instances of flash flooding through
    10 pm local time.

    Hamrick

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_BCj-gL5y9Bht0KzO_qMa0emd3AmRjhExfsZOqRQ83_UtP26mbOpcV8kNYOWVCsm1DKi= ZcoPmWSl9HSE7FJnwRjG05M$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...MFL...MLB...TBW...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 28858171 28788116 28518087 28058066 27598059=20
    27328077 27158090 26968105 26688088 26268101=20
    26218148 26438174 27118228 27568238 28028244=20
    28358242 28568237 28788213=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 8 18:26:51 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 081826
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-090025-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0084
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    225 PM EDT Wed Apr 08 2026

    Areas affected...Treasure and Gold Coast of Florida

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 081825Z - 090025Z

    SUMMARY...Scattered showers and thunderstorms with a history of
    rainfall rates over 2 inches/hour are impacting portions of the
    Treasure and Gold Coast of Florida, with increasing concerns for
    impacts over sensitive urban areas. Flash flooding is possible
    where the cells are the most persistent through the afternoon and
    early evening.

    DISCUSSION...Persistently moist and relatively unstable low-level
    easterly flow continues to focus areas of showers and some
    occasional thunderstorms into the Atlantic Coast of Florida. Much
    of the activity is aligned with the low-level steering flow and
    has been focusing near the offshore Gulf Stream with extensions
    westward into areas mainly south of Melbourne and especially areas
    just north of Stuart where convection is more concentrated. More
    scattered activity is situated farther south down the coast into
    the I-95 urban corridor of southeast Florida.

    Despite the relatively scattered nature of the coverage, with
    southwesterly flow aloft (as opposed to easterly flow in the lower
    levels), the extreme directional shear present across Florida is
    making an environment favorable for slow-moving and training
    storms. Daytime heating is also allowing for instability to
    increase, currently ranging from 2,000 J/kg near Miami to near
    1,500 J/kg near Melbourne based on SPC Mesoanalysis. Atmospheric
    moisture also ranges from 1.7" PWAT near Miami to 1.4" near
    Melbourne. Thus, the greatest threat for the heaviest rains are
    further south down I-95.

    Multiple days of rainfall across all of southern Florida this past
    week has sufficiently saturated the soils. Thus, expect much of
    any heavy rainfall today to favor increased runoff. Ultimately any
    impacts and the magnitudes thereof will be dependent on where any
    training cells develop relative to how urban the ground underneath
    the cells is. With rates in the strongest cells later this
    afternoon expected to potentially reach 3 inches/hour, localized
    totals to 6 inches can't be ruled out. This in turn would result
    in localized flooding. Regardless, expect that the storms that
    will be capable of flash flooding to remain isolated to widely
    scattered.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7reFGpJjrW38AH1Upf3utPD1RP59anTYXGOCvwwonvVJOkizU1tqghWCW4TM6SECp_jb= F2MXRT9fT1GHYMWwAo3DhII$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...MFL...MLB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 28028067 27988037 26947997 25957994 25598022=20
    25498051 25708057 26008045 26288039 26648033=20
    26938037 27298050 27528056 27828068=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 9 10:26:04 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 091025
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-091500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0085
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    624 AM EDT Thu Apr 09 2026

    Areas affected...east-central FL Peninsula

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 091017Z - 091500Z

    Summary...Slow moving showers with possible embedded thunderstorms
    are expected to focus isolated areas of heavy rain along the Space
    and Treasure coasts through late morning. Localized hourly
    rainfall of 2+ inches will be possible with storm totals of 2 to
    4+ inches through 15Z, which may result in isolated flash flooding.

    Discussion...Regional radar imagery at 10Z showed scattered
    showers between southern Brevard County and southern St. Lucie
    County. 10.3 micron satellite imagery indicated cloud tops over
    land were relatively warm at -20 to -35 C, with an estimated cloud
    depth of 9 km AGL based on RAP analysis soundings over the region.
    Easterly winds of 20-30 kt in the 925-850 mb layer were oriented
    perpendicular to the coast while mid-upper level flow was from the
    west at a similar magnitude. This has set up favorable effective
    shear profiles for organized cells although 0-8 km AGL mean layer
    winds were about 5 kt or less, resulting in slow cell movement. In
    addition, the alignment of showers with the low level wind has
    also resulted in slow movement of heavy rain cores at times with
    recent development near Vero Beach showing signs of a weak MCV
    over eastern Indian River County. MRMS-derived and KVRB hourly
    rainfall of 2-2.5 inches has been observed with nearly 2 inches of
    rain in 32 minutes at KVRB ending 0940Z. Speed and weak
    directional convergence near the surface was allowing for the
    formation of quasi-transient bands of heavy rain within an
    expanding pocket of MLCAPE between 500-1000 J/kg (06Z-10Z SPC
    mesoanalyses) over the east coast of FL.

    While the future existence of the weak meso-vortex near Vero Beach
    is unknown, convergence in the surface to near-surface layer is
    expected to continue a threat for slow moving showers with
    embedded thunderstorms from Brevard County down to St. Lucie
    County over the next 3-5 hours. However, the concentration of
    heavy rain is expected to remain limited in spatial extent through
    the morning hours. Any areas of flash flooding that develop are
    likely to focus across urban and other areas of poor draining,
    remaining localized in coverage.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9mIL8BFa2gasaYWoyUi5qRG3Of1RRU_n9PRYp394FRPLoJ3dKXYY6S7SbSiGb2zS-sgD= TGJYn7ZaxolHVDjniKRixg4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...MLB...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 28608054 27788010 27008004 26998066 27908111=20
    28528112=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 10 01:34:19 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 100134
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-100730-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0086
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    932 PM EDT Thu Apr 09 2026

    Areas affected...Northeast KS...West-Central MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 100133Z - 100730Z

    SUMMARY...Upscale growth of organizing supercellular convection
    into a multi-cell cluster/MCS will promote a localized and
    primarily urban flash flood threat going into the overnight hours.

    DISCUSSION...The latest radar and GOES-E IR satellite imagery
    depict a cluster of supercells along a slow-moving cold front near
    the KS/NE border. These storms are undergoing upscale growth, with
    supporting factors including fairly strong effective bulk shear of
    to 40 to 50 kts and MLCAPE of 1000 to 1500+ J/kg. Over the last
    hour, this has favored an expansion of deep, cold convective tops
    and intense updrafts.

    As the 850 mb low-level jet veers and intensifies to over 40 kts
    over the next several hours, low-level convergence will sharpen
    along the western and southern flanks of the convective mass. With
    storm motions of 15 to 25 kts generally parallel to the mean flow
    and the boundary, periods of cell-training and cell-mergers are
    expected. This will compensate for modest PWs of about 1.25 inches
    and drive potential for high rainfall rates that may reach 1.5 to
    2.5 inches/hour within the strongest cores and where any
    cell-mergers occur.

    While NASA SPoRT 0 to 10 cm soil moisture indicates significant
    infiltration capacity in rural northeast KS, the 18Z HREF PMM and
    neighborhood probabilities suggest localized 2 to 4 inch totals
    are likely. These totals will approach and may locally exceed FFG
    values and especially within the more sensitive urban corridors.
    Areas downstream including Topeka, Kansas City and St. Joseph may
    eventually see this activity later in the night. As such, the
    concern over the next several hours, aside from well-defined
    severe hazards with large hail, will be a localized and mainly
    urban flash flood threat.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_V7P-J8QajZr8lmjAAmMYppb9LFmhtmko5uyNfAQNigk4X-nlxLjoH4L5j2wU9TvIs0M= nU_APk1NO-Lbst4Tpg4ANoA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...GID...ICT...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40059625 39869477 39589418 38989419 38569493=20
    38389618 38599761 38989810 39639790=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 10 19:01:38 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 101901
    FFGMPD
    OKZ000-110100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0087
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    300 PM EDT Fri Apr 10 2026

    Areas affected...North-Central to Northeast OK

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 101900Z - 110100Z

    SUMMARY...Locally training areas of heavy showers and
    thunderstorms will pose a threat for some urban flash flooding
    going through early this evening.

    DISCUSSION...Cooling convective tops are seen in GOES-E IR
    satellite imagery becoming aligned in a general west to east
    fashion across portions of north-central to northeast OK in close
    proximity to a quasi-stationary front. Heavy showers and
    thunderstorms are becoming a bit more concentrated with this
    activity, and the latest radar trends suggest slow cell-motions
    and some increasing cell-training concerns.

    The activity is being facilitated by moist and unstable low-level
    southwest flow into the boundary with MLCAPE values of as much as
    1500 to 2000 J/kg and PWs of 1.2 to 1.4 inches across the region.
    Despite relatively modest kinematic wind fields, there is an axis
    of moderate moisture convergence in vicinity of the front, and
    this coupled with increasing differential heating/instability near
    the axis of convection should tend to sustain the convective
    threat over the next few hours.

    Generally the antecedent conditions are quite dry, with low soil
    moisture content, but the rainfall rates with some of the ongoing
    activity is already locally near 1.5 inches/hour. This coupled
    with the slow cell-motions may favor some short-term totals of 2
    to 4+ inches going through early this evening.

    An isolated and mainly urban threat of flash flooding will exist
    over the next few hours as a result, and this will include areas
    from near Stillwater to Tulsa and along with adjacent communities.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7OMNe7bjzHGDuwRqcrOJ2shcTqUhlC8m8hS1dASOvDqJHGktya8xtEnuVl08ZovWkQ9-= eoQLKiJCVgHcmzqf1PHbDHk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...OUN...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36599485 36349471 35939536 35829684 35999767=20
    36369765 36489701 36469622=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 10 21:42:55 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 102142
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-110200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0088
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    541 PM EDT Fri Apr 10 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast Texas including the Houston
    Metropolitan area

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 102141Z - 110200Z

    SUMMARY...Slow-moving, outflow-driven thunderstorms interacting
    over highly urbanized areas will be capable of producing localized
    rainfall rates of 2+ inches/hour. Isolated totals of 3 to 4 inches
    may rapidly overwhelm municipal drainage, making localized flash
    flooding possible.

    DISCUSSION...Recent radar and satellite trends depict scattered,
    slow-moving clusters of thunderstorms developing across southeast
    Texas. The thermodynamic environment is characterized by a moist,
    weakly convergent low-level flow off the Gulf of America, with
    PWATs near 1.75 inches and MLCAPE values around 1500 J/kg. While
    deep-layer shear remains weak (effective bulk shear 20-30 kts),
    weak upper-level divergence is supplying modest deep-layer ascent,
    aiding in some maintenance of robust, high-efficiency updrafts.

    Given the weak steering flow, the convective mode is primarily
    pulse-type and outflow-dominant. The immediate flash flood threat
    will be driven by mesoscale boundary interactions. Regional radar
    currently shows multiple outflow boundaries in play?most notably
    one positioned southwest of the Houston metro and another near
    IAH. As these boundaries interact over the next few hours,
    mechanical lift may force rapid, near-stationary convective
    development and upscale growth directly over more sensitive urban
    locations.

    Rainfall rates have already approached 2 inches/hour with the
    strongest cells. High-resolution guidance, particularly the HRRR
    which has initialized the current convective evolution well,
    suggests these boundary collisions will support isolated
    additional rainfall totals of 3 to 4 inches through early this
    evening. Furthermore, the 12Z HREF highlights 10-30% probabilities
    for 3-hour FFG exceedance this over the next several hours. Given
    the high impervious surface coverage across the Houston metro,
    these rates and accumulations may overwhelm local drainage systems
    and bayous, leading to isolated areas of rapid-onset urban flash
    flooding.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8UfP-FaEBTsYZq-U1BJISNdMdxS4kIjqF_7XutdEJFcVHfKrrsDx-b0npcVgfvZAwJZw= 5TdXzeXil7_qMLwkC4AGQLA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31059623 30659519 30319469 29999457 29479462=20
    28919531 28909635 29599753 30359774 30939727=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 11 05:15:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110515
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-IAZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-111000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0089
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    114 AM EDT Sat Apr 11 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern KS into southern/southeastern NE and
    the MO Valley

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110507Z - 111000Z

    SUMMARY...Localized flash flooding will be possible from portions
    of northeastern KS into southern/southeastern NE and the MO Valley
    through 10Z. Brief training of thunderstorms will be capable of
    1-2 in/hr rain rates.

    DISCUSSION...Showers and thunderstorms were increasing in coverage
    across north-central KS into far southern NE as seen on area radar
    imagery through 05Z. The cells were elevated, displaced well north
    of a west-east oriented quasi-stationary front in OK, within an
    airmass containing 500-1000 J/kg MUCAPE per 05Z SPC mesoanalysis
    data. Since 00Z, Southerly 850 mb winds have been strengthening
    with 30-40 kt in place at 05Z per VAD wind data from northern OK
    into southern NE. PWAT values were estimated to be between 1.0 and
    1.3 inches across the central Plains with continued moisture
    advection likely to increase PWAT values into the MO River Valley
    through the night.

    Some additional strengthening of the 850 mb flow into the 40-45 kt
    range across KS is expected over the next 3-4 hours and the
    approach of a weak shortwave impulse over southwestern KS should
    continue an increasing trend in the coverage of elevated
    showers/thunderstorms from northeastern KS into
    southern/southeastern NE over the next few hours. As 850 mb winds
    increase overnight, some veering of the low level flow is also
    expected, bringing the low level wind orientation closer to the
    mean steering flow from the SW. Given the moisture, instability
    and forecast winds, some instances of training are likely to
    result in hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches. These higher rates
    should remain limited in coverage but flash flood guidance is at
    or below 2 inches in 3 hours for much of the region, due in part
    to locally heavy rainfall over the past 36 hours. Therefore,
    localized flash flooding may result overnight with 1 to 3+ inch
    total rainfall possible.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!48qr4XsdiFtClShi6w-ZrnC2lWuijYOSz66OvZpJ5YDM_U5fNmZMtF-REmLIPl0U20QT= 1Yeb5phRPebNuvpJ0GHXGlw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...GID...ICT...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41329712 41299612 41169573 40809531 40499501=20
    40259485 39909472 39469469 39099484 38789510=20
    38589566 38619653 39009760 39669878 40339891=20
    40899846=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 11 09:55:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 110955
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-IAZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-111330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0090
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    554 AM EDT Sat Apr 11 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern KS/southeastern NE into southwestern IA/northwestern MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 110953Z - 111330Z

    SUMMARY...A localized flash flood threat will linger for another
    few hours from northeastern KS/southeastern NE into southwestern IA/northwestern MO. The primary concern will be from
    repeating/training of thunderstorms which will be capable of 1 to
    2+ in/hr rain rates.

    DISCUSSION...A NW to SE axis of thunderstorms was observed on
    radar imagery at 0930Z from the KS/NE border near Superior, NE to
    near Westmoreland in northeastern KS. The slow moving axis has
    been associated with MRMS-derived hourly rainfall of 1 to 2+
    inches over the past couple of hours but the axis of thunderstorms
    appears to be slowly shifting northeast. 850 mb winds of 3o to 40+
    kt continued to overrun a warm front slowly lifting north from
    central OK with an axis of elevated convergence helping to focus
    the cluster of heavy rain beneath a ridge axis aloft locally
    aiding diffluent flow in the upper levels. A subtle shortwave was
    also observed on water vapor imagery earlier in the night and is
    likely approaching central KS with forecast movement toward the
    northeast, around the ridge, helping to support lift.

    850 mb wind speed magnitudes have likely peaked and recent RAP
    forecasts showed gradual weakening through 15Z following the
    diurnal cycle. However, ~25 to 35 kt of SSW 850 mb winds over
    eastern KS will continue to overrun the surface boundary to the
    south and the weak shortwave impulse approaching central KS from
    the southwest will continue to provide ascent from northeastern KS
    into the MO River Valley. Instability will be a limiting factor as
    current values of MUCAPE between 500-1000 J/kg are forecast to
    lower as moisture advection shifts the instability eastward across
    the MO River.

    The axis of heavy rain will likely translate eastward over the
    next few hours with continued periods of training/repeating cells
    with 1 to 2+ in/hr rainfall rates. This will continue to pose a
    localized threat for flash flooding from northeastern
    KS/southeastern NE into northwestern MO and possibly southwestern
    IA. Additional rainfall of 1 to 3 inches is expected through 14Z
    with locally higher flash flood potential where overlap occurs
    with wet antecedent conditions over northeastern KS due to locally
    heavy rain over the past 36 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8QQxASh5-vvLIyl0bOPmA5lpyQV8ph24pEYcquvTGWv9coFrhCZ5EnwIYxnrAS6KQ6_k= hg_4xliiOI76F61lkLRs1XE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DMX...EAX...GID...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41019522 40889393 40389350 39719368 39169441=20
    39049551 39189654 39689754 40029835 40609801=20
    40819704=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 11 13:38:02 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 111337
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-111636-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0091
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    936 AM EDT Sat Apr 11 2026

    Areas affected...Northeastern Kansas...Northwest Missouri

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 111336Z - 111636Z

    Summary...Training of thunderstorms containing 1-2"/hr rainfall
    rates will maintain the threat of localized flash flooding for
    another few hours, primarily over portions of northeastern Kansas.

    Discussion...Regional radar this morning continues to track a west
    to east axis of training thunderstorms within a slow moving MCS
    near the Kansas-Nebraska border. Recent MRMS estimated hourly
    rainfall rates have eclipsed 2"/hr at times in the heaviest cells
    at times. When combined with the slow net movement of the complex
    (Corfidi Vectors are around 10-15 kts), 4-5" of rainfall led to at
    least three reports of flash flood impacts in northern Kansas this
    morning.

    As highlighted earlier, the activity remains tied to a 35-40kt
    low-level jet which is bisecting a west-east oriented cold pool
    and synoptic front amid locally diffluent flow aloft. Radar
    imagery also suggests the presence of a weak MCV embedded in the
    complex which could locally enhance ascent in the area. Over the
    next few hours, the RAP suggests 30-35 kts of 850 mb inflow
    bisecting the west-east boundary could maintain the complex for a
    few more hours, even with modest instability in place (~500 J/kg
    MUCAPE). Much of the overnight CAM guidance has struggled with the
    placement and intensity of this complex. However, the ARW seems to
    have a better handle on the current activity and suggests the
    training axis could persist for the next few hours. As such, the
    threat of localized flash flooding will persist this morning, with
    an additional 1-2" of rain possible.

    Asherman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7JDOHnwHVyoR9jvHIv4Dnizxwzt84oyH6DeI-4eZAhUKsKh7HBFJN6Ci6MbF7c57gFaW= ya8_oxZmjL-r0Fiq-jZ10xE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40259601 40219520 40019439 39599433 39489490=20
    39379618 39389653 39449696 39759714 39979690=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 11 20:28:47 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 112028
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-120226-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0092
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    427 PM EDT Sat Apr 11 2026

    Areas affected...portions of western TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 112026Z - 120226Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms are increasing in coverage and
    intensity. Hourly rain amounts up to 2.5" with local totals to 4"
    are possible into this evening, which could lead to widely
    scattered flash flooding.

    Discussion...A region of 850 hPa confluence is slowly moving
    across western TX. Convection across the TX Big Bend is sending
    out an outflow boundary to the east. Precipitable water values
    are ~1.25". An incoming shortwave is moving across northwest
    Mexico, enhancing difluence aloft and increasing the effective
    bulk shear to 25-45 kts. ML CAPE is 500-2000 J/kg, and rising.

    With time, the area of 850 hPa confluence edges eastward across
    portions of the TX Big Bend, Trans Pecos, and northwest TX. The
    GFS-based Galvez-Davison Index implies that increasing convective
    coverage and intensity should maximize in the 00z-03z time frame.=20
    The shifting of the low-level confluence axis should keep amounts
    from becoming particularly extreme. The available ingredients
    suggest that hourly rain amounts up to 2.5" with local totals to
    4" would be possible in this environment. Since Flash Flood
    Guidance is modest, widely scattered flash flooding impacts are
    considered possible. Urban areas and locations with minimal top
    soil in western portions of South-Central TX would be most
    sensitive to these rainfall rates/amounts.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6S6CodPXk1xunr7JwSe-qfaJRSzvcJUN_gfh9rSEMdEsInWsF0bToaBGQrG4Q__GFerO= bHIbaYGzFZOD7tsUELiUuZM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...LUB...MAF...OUN...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34550074 34309932 33279892 32129929 31020003=20
    29800112 29510153 29590244 29080278 28910311=20
    29070379 29560431 31090307 33270244=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 12 02:57:57 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 120257
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-120715-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0093
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1056 PM EDT Sat Apr 11 2026

    Areas affected...portions of the middle Rio Grande Valley into the
    Edwards Plateau

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 120252Z - 120715Z

    Summary...Training of thunderstorms is likely to produce areas of
    flash flooding from portions of the middle Rio Grande Valley into
    the Edwards Plateau over the next 4-5 hours. Peak hourly rainfall
    could exceed 2 or 3 inches at times.

    Discussion...Regional radar imagery at 0230Z showed a broken line
    of strong convection extending from near SJT to the Rio Grande,
    roughly halfway between 6R6 and DRT. This line has been
    propagating slowly toward the east but northern portions of the
    line have been quicker to translate east compared to southern
    portions. MRMS-derived hourly rainfall briefly exceeded 2 inches
    along the Rio Grande in Val Verde County within the past hour due
    to training as the NNE to SSW line orientation aligns with the
    mean steering flow.

    Large scale ascent ahead of an upper trough axis tracking across
    AZ/NM and northwestern Mexico will continue over central TX
    overnight and 500-1500 J/kg MLCAPE is forecast to remain in place
    (higher values to the south) which should help to fuel intense
    cores of heavy rain. A strengthening low level jet with speeds of
    30-40 kt, oriented parallel to the Rio Grande, will act to
    transport moisture into the ongoing complex with the slowest
    movement of the convective line likely to remain near the Rio
    Grande, though brief hangups farther north will continue to remain
    possible, supportive of SSW to NNE training. The moisture rich
    environment with PWs of 1.5 to 1.7 inches and increasingly
    divergent/diffluent flow ahead of the upper trough will aid lift
    and allow hourly rainfall of 1 to 2 inches, but locally exceeding
    2 or perhaps 3 inches at times. While the best potential for the
    highest rain rates will remain toward the south, these higher
    rates may overlap with portions of the Edwards Plateau which
    contain greater sensitivity to flash flooding.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8TCPlAIuJOCoKdzncLt3D4dOp7-uC7Z02-DnORb5M7WF4hNu72dCxZYm4zIwjG3KZecP= Ar1IoDWt7NLkNFlA8tY8-OM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31779963 31379895 30349869 29649894 28929998=20
    28780081 29060090 29510140 29640177 30060169=20
    31190070=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 12 04:21:06 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 120421
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-120920-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0094
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1220 AM EDT Sun Apr 12 2026

    Areas affected...north-central TX into south-central OK

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 120419Z - 120920Z

    SUMMARY...Widely scattered to scattered instances of flash
    flooding will be possible from north-central TX into south-central
    OK through 09Z. Hourly rainfall of 1-2 inches (locally higher)
    will be possible with 2 to 4 inches in 2-3 hours.

    DISCUSSION...04Z radar imagery showed the northern portion of a
    convective line moving into the Edwards Plateau was getting
    slightly better organized over the past hour as it moved eastward
    across I-20. Instability was on the weak side with 500-1000 J/kg
    MLCAPE estimated via SPC mesoanalysis data and the 00Z FWD
    sounding, along with PWs near 1.5 inches near and south of the Red
    River. Water vapor imagery showed a couple of weaker vorticity
    maxima over western TX, ahead of the main upper level shortwave
    trough axis across northwestern Mexico which will continue to
    provide ascent into the weakly unstable airmass downstream across
    central TX into OK tonight.

    RAP forecast guidance showed favorably diffluent flow aloft
    maintaining over central TX into southern OK through 12Z Sunday.
    Expectations are for the current axis of thunderstorms to continue
    slowly advancing NNE and E ahead of the upper forcing to the west,
    with transient axes of training helping to support 1 to 2+ in/hr
    rain rates and possible flash flooding. While the main concern for
    higher rates will be with the leading edge of the convective line,
    there will be some potential for locally higher rates/training to
    refocus to the west of the line as it shifts downstream due to the
    diffluent flow aloft and an upstream impulse advancing
    northeastward toward the Trans Pecos region of western TX as seen
    on water vapor imagery.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-_-Q2hwEx7KarPBlHVSKjNr9BaEBTzQF2g4CKp3yUTtW7BuT45-6zIl9IGBqLsyjXz7B= olzEoDsYjDrWAyUfbyocJiQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...LUB...OUN...SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35979748 35879671 35639634 35089609 34309618=20
    33629639 32879660 31959737 31309902 31389998=20
    32180015 33440001 34719940 35699834=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 12 08:31:05 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 120831
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-121330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0095
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    429 AM EDT Sun Apr 12 2026

    Areas affected...Middle Rio Grande Valley into central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 120828Z - 121330Z

    SUMMARY...While the threat is not certain, the potential for at
    least localized flash flooding will continue across the middle Rio
    Grande Valley into portions of central TX this morning. The
    possibility of peak hourly rainfall of 1 to 3 inches will linger
    through 13Z.

    DISCUSSION...08Z radar imagery showed a weakening squall line over
    central TX, moving east toward I-35, north of Austin, where a
    relative lull in instability was estimated over central TX via 08Z
    SPC mesoanalysis data (peaking near 500 J/kg MLCAPE) while
    500-1500 J/kg MLCAPE remained west of I-35 and south of I-10
    within the middle Rio Grande Valley. The orientation of the
    remnant squall line or outflow boundary was from NE to SW across
    the Edwards Plateau to the Rio Grande near Del Rio, generally
    aligned with the mean steering flow, resulting in less forward
    motion for the southern portion of the outflow boundary. Isolated
    convective activity was observed north of the outflow boundary and
    south of the Rio Grande over northern Coahuila's Serranias del
    Burro.

    VAD wind plots showed that 35-40 kt of 850 mb southerly inflow
    remained over the lower Rio Grande Valley into the Edwards Plateau
    and atop the rain-cooled outflow boundary. Meanwhile, water vapor
    imagery showed an approaching lead shortwave trough over the Big
    Bend Country, advancing northeastward. Lift ahead of this feature
    was evidenced by the recent shower/thunderstorm development over
    northern Coahuila. It seems plausible that additional development
    may occur along the southwestern flank of outflow, tied to the
    eastward translating MCS over central TX with mean steering flow
    supporting training from SW to NE, within the lingering
    instability max. Aloft, a 90-110 kt upper level jet streak is
    forecast to cross the Rio Grande and advance into western OK
    through the morning hours, placing favorable right-entrance region
    ascent over the Edwards Plateau. In addition, RAP forecasts showed
    largely uninhibited MLCAPE returning northward back across eastern
    portions of the Edwards Plateau and the I-35 corridor this morning
    due to continued low level moisture transport. Therefore, while
    coverage of additional thunderstorms remains unclear, at least a
    localized flash flood threat will continue over the middle Rio
    Grande Valley into portions of central TX through at least 13Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_3FlNpW6BRCKRKImp4hH3qvBATr_8e3WL0zq0GV47pVlRjal9jyjHcjYCG8Ay8XtKy5l= 5F2VyGGL6b2WxpXiEWjjrEo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31999652 31529594 30669610 30109658 29399760=20
    28769895 28629991 28650054 28770069 29250104=20
    29710163 30460033 31119904 31969747=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 12 16:19:20 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 121619
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-122217-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0096
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1218 PM EDT Sun Apr 12 2026

    Areas affected...South-Central Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 121617Z - 122217Z

    Summary...Increasing potential for flash flooding this afternoon
    as thunderstorms containing 2-3"/hr rainfall rates develop in the
    next 2-3 hours and congeal into an MCS. Locally significant flash
    flooding is possible, especially atop sensitive urban areas in the
    region.

    Discussion...Showers and thunderstorms are showing increased
    development across South-Central Texas late this morning as a very
    moist airmass continues to destabilize. An intense, localized
    cluster of thunderstorms near Gonzales county recently exhibited
    2.5-3"/hr rainfall rates according to MRMS and KEWX. When combined
    with slow forward motions around 20 kts, a corridor of FFG
    exceedance was noted over the last 15 minutes.=20

    These early storms are tapping into a very favorable environment
    for efficient heavy rainfall production; 12Z RAOB from BRO and
    ACARS profiles from AUS and SAT depict a deep moist layer from the
    surface to 750 mb (PWAT of 1.7-1.8"), tall instability profiles
    characterized by 1000-2000 J/kg of MUCAPE, and WBZ heights over
    3500 m. An inversion above the moist layer has thus far suppressed
    more widespread development, although this is expected to weaken
    over time as large scale ascent strengthens over the next few
    hours while the column continues to moisten.

    As such, thunderstorms are expected to expand in coverage and
    intensity over the next few hours. By 17-18z, the 12z CAM suite is
    in good agreement for this activity to congeal into an MCS
    containing training thunderstorms along a NE-SW axis -- possibly
    along a remnant cold pool evident in surface obs. Forecast Corfidi
    vectors near 10 kts suggest this complex will be quite slow to
    move once it develops, in turn lengthening the residence time of
    2-3"/hr rainfall rates within the strongest individual cells.
    While the area has been dry according to NASA SPoRT soil moisture
    percentiles, the risk of flash flooding is expected to increase
    over the next 6 hours as 3-6" fall in the main axis of training.
    Significant flash flooding is possible should this fall over a
    sensitive urban area.

    Asherman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6l5fxvgg0Ga24XrcAiL7fdIFH_5gslDM_qZveZxQ_cc0YwW17qlWHwCr4bDlkiesKVsA= EMVZR837bFWVyXMVWomDxKs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31379590 30859516 29989564 29049725 28959831=20
    29579882 30369847 31079733=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 12 20:18:47 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 122018
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-130216-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0097
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    417 PM EDT Sun Apr 12 2026

    Areas affected...portions of central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 122016Z - 130216Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms are developing across portions
    of central TX. Hourly rain amounts to 3" with local totals to 5"
    are possible, which could lead to scattered instances of flash
    flooding over partially saturated soils.

    Discussion...The combination of shortwaves aloft crossing the
    TX/OK border and northern Mexico have led to a difluent pattern
    aloft across the region. Precipitable water values are 1.5-1.8"
    per GPS data. Effective bulk shear of ~50 kts exists. ML CAPE is
    around 2000 J/kg (higher to the west and lower to the east).

    Inflow at 850 hPa slowly backs with time as the upper level
    shortwave in northern MX approaches, which along with no
    additional eastward progress in the instability gradient should
    hold up forward forward propagation to the northeast. The 12z
    GFS-based Galvez-Davison index implies that the current convective
    uptick maximizes in the 21-00z period before slowly fading
    thereafter in this area. Both the 12z HREF and 12z REFS have a
    heavy rainfall signal across the region, though of differing
    magnitudes. Given the above ingredients which favor mesocyclone
    formation and cell training, along with the possibility that
    storms of different levels of organization could merge, hourly
    amounts to 3" with local totals to 5" are possible. Given the
    recently compromised flash flood guidance values due to recent
    heavy rainfall, scattered instances of flash flooding are
    possible.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8j2UxM1SGtHNsq_QI1ob82WzX2FdtDrZMFk4nPqkt6h33-miTPan9qw8F2P0QPMkg4eY= Z1hEz4csPMkB4OnF9cs_Ej8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32359813 32339732 31189682 29479732 29309826=20
    30019894 31669899=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 12 21:01:51 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 122101
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-130259-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0098
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    500 PM EDT Sun Apr 12 2026

    Areas affected...portions of southeast TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 122059Z - 130259Z

    Summary...Thunderstorms with some level of organization will
    continue to attempt to train into this evening. Hourly amounts to
    3" with additional local totals to 5" are possible, which could
    lead to scattered instances of flash flooding.

    Discussion...Thunderstorms with heavy rainfall have been moving
    east-northeast inland of the Middle & Upper TX Coasts near the
    tail end of an MCV moving through portions of MO, which shows up
    as an eastward branch of the 850 hPa inflow/convergence. Earlier
    this afternoon, hourly rain amounts were quite high, though
    they've settled back towards 2.5-3" as of late. Precipitable
    water values are 1.8-2" per GPS data. ML CAPE is 1000-1500 J/kg.=20
    Effective bulk shear is 25-35 kts which is organizing convection.

    Both the 12z REFS and 18z HREF are at least a county too far
    inland with this convective activity. While their six hour
    probabilities show a tendency for the activity to approach the
    TX/LA border, the REFS hourly probabilities in particular are
    fairly far to the east/too quick when compared to recent radar
    reflectivity imagery. A combination of cell training and embedded
    mesocyclones appear to be the main cause for heavy rainfall in
    this region, though merging convection cannot be ruled out could
    any cells form south of the band and approach it. ML CAPE
    supports the idea of this activity making a run for the LA border,
    but with decreasing instability with time, there could be a
    tendency for increased forward propagation/decreased precipitation
    amounts with time. With somewhat higher instability to the north
    the farther east you go in this region, thunderstorm activity may
    try to correct towards the 18z HREF solution and edge a little
    more northward as well. Hourly rain amounts to 3" with additional
    local totals to 5" remain possible, which could lead to scattered
    instances of flash flooding.

    Roth

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5nMBgV5t9cCt79LlQETJWpm7K6GjQ240BRaV-E-svg4sWr9O9XPQSrTHrurNmmfxbRjA= aPMRiPqOIy0SlzDTLr2vtxk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HGX...LCH...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31319378 30159385 29649511 29629620 29979635=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Apr 13 03:24:54 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 130324
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-130700-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0099
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1123 PM EDT Sun Apr 12 2026

    Areas affected...central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 130322Z - 130700Z

    Summary...A small, slow moving cluster of thunderstorms is
    expected to maintain peak rainfall rates of 2 to 3+ in/hr and
    localized flash flooding across portions of central TX over the
    next 2-4 hours. Afterward, eastward translation and weakening is
    anticipated.

    Discussion...03Z radar imagery showed a small thunderstorm cluster
    over and just west of the Colorado River in San Saba and Llano
    counties. This cluster has had a history of backbuilding and
    training with observed hourly rainfall of 2.5 inches and
    MRMS-derived estimates locally over 3 inches over San Saba County.
    It was located just on the cool side of an elongated, remnant
    outflow boundary from earlier on Sunday that extended from near
    New Braunfels into the Hill Country and northward across I-20,
    just east of Abilene. Water vapor imagery showed a number of
    vorticity maxima embedded within the WSW flow aloft. At 03Z, a
    more notable vorticity max was located just northeast of San
    Antonio, with another more subtle feature over Concho and Menard
    counties, west of the ongoing thunderstorms.

    Expectations are for low level flow overrunning the outflow to
    continue to support thunderstorms over portions of central TX
    within a moderately unstable airmass characterized by 1500 to
    2000+ J/kg MLCAPE and PWs of 1.5 to 1.7 inches (SPC mesoanalysis).
    However, passage of the vorticity maxima/shortwave features aloft
    should cause the ongoing activity to shift east in another couple
    of hours while additional development occurs downstream toward the
    east, with eventual weakening as increasing CIN is encountered
    toward the east. There is some uncertainty with exactly how long
    the backbuilding signature will continue over San Saba and Llano
    counties, but current thinking is that the passage of the embedded
    impulses aloft should disrupt the ongoing activity within the next
    2-3 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8pcpmXpFhE2czLV347fybNztipkC3atoiLr2jFxkU4IQKY_67vA06heOHYA0UdhIf3n0= ErkfDhUi8YwEmk5Z5Ni57eA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32069713 31929682 31659668 31359660 31129663=20
    30859695 30689738 30599828 30679895 30929919=20
    31089929 31379914 31579875 31879812 32039757=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Apr 13 21:42:38 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 132142
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-WIZ000-MNZ000-IAZ000-140330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0100
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    541 PM EDT Mon Apr 13 2026

    Areas affected...Much of Wisconsin, Southeastern Minnesota, and
    U.P. of Michigan

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 132140Z - 140330Z

    SUMMARY...Thunderstorms forming along a warm frontal boundary will
    organize into training lines of storms, over an area of saturated
    soils through this evening. Flash flooding likely.

    DISCUSSION... Several areas of convection have begun to form along
    a warm frontal boundary across much of Wisconsin and southeast
    Minnesota this afternoon. These storms are being fed by moisture
    influx with PWATs around 1 inch along the front, but over 1.3
    inches along the Illinois/Wisconsin border, based on the latest
    SPC Mesoanalysis. CAMs guidance is in good agreement that the
    storms will continue to grow upscale into an MCS that will then
    support training storms propagating eastward across central and
    northern Wisconsin. A cold front shown across northern Minnesota
    will press southeastward and eventually help to push the MCS
    southward with time.

    Soils across Minnesota and Wisconsin are nearly saturated due to
    recent rainfall and around the U.P. of Michigan, recent snowmelt
    as shown on NASA SPoRT imagery. With above average river levels
    and nearly saturated soils across nearly all of Wisconsin, almost
    all of the rainfall expected from this forecast MCS will convert
    to runoff quickly. FFGs across this region on average are around
    1.5 inches/1 hour, 2 inches/3 hours, and 2.5 inches/6 hours. These
    values are likely to be exceeded with multiple rounds of training
    storms expected late this afternoon and this evening. The cells
    south of the Twin Cities have a history of rainfall rates
    exceeding 2 inches/hour at times, showing that the atmosphere is
    capable of rates exceeding these aforementioned FFG values.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7G1XSLTDBBKEgE6KnC6HjiSFk-T-6U4Bgr0ABoBXm8-JrDZHBYlj134353NlsdE9nf1H= lWiBku11TKmoojCTL9tJ1SM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DLH...GRB...MKX...MPX...MQT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 46828894 46588739 45458680 44468747 43548763=20
    43368904 43429003 43509140 43739228 44039312=20
    44719364 45179376 45829361 46349312 46619141=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Apr 13 23:31:52 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 132331
    FFGMPD
    MNZ000-IAZ000-SDZ000-140330-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0101
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    730 PM EDT Mon Apr 13 2026

    Areas affected...Southwest Minnesota and Northwest Iowa

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 132330Z - 140330Z

    SUMMARY... Clusters of storms are forming across portions of
    southwest Minnesota and northwest Iowa this evening. Localized
    rain rates to 2" per hour could cause isolated to widely scattered
    instances of flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION... Convective coverage has rapidly increased across
    portions of southwest Minnesota and northwest Iowa this evening as
    part of a broader low pressure center and warm frontal system,
    tapping into Gulf moisture riding up to the south and east of
    these features. Rainfall rates of up to 2 inches per hour have
    been observed on radar, with somewhat moistened soils in the area
    from recent rainfall, based on NASA SPoRT imagery.

    CAMs guidance is in poor agreement in this area, with none of the
    guidance suggesting convective coverage would be as robust in this
    area than has already formed. For those that have a hint of the
    southern extent of this convection (NAMnest, ARW to a lesser
    extent, and HRRR to an even lesser extent), all suggest much
    faster and more eastward motions to these storms than have already
    been occurring. Thus, with slower and more northward storm
    motions, towards areas where storms have already formed across far
    southern Minnesota, expect more robust training and heavier
    rainfall rates than the guidance is suggesting, favoring more
    potential for flash flooding over the next few hours.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6X1tqeZU-LUfkuQOxQe1ZCk91388CwJGlSqrn-Xsd_p7IlWiLuBHXrVEhhbbR6vhNbAj= BNCnIg_odYgJqLuN6203qEk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...FSD...MPX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 45369378 44999377 44649360 44179331 43929301=20
    43769257 43649215 43449216 43129229 42679296=20
    42619447 42549518 42579577 42809622 43209651=20
    43539693 44139664 44909551 45309470 45349421=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 14 03:47:14 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 140347
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-WIZ000-IAZ000-140800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0102
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1145 PM EDT Mon Apr 13 2026

    Areas affected...southern WI into central/northern Lower MI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 140344Z - 140800Z

    Summary...Areas of flash flooding will be likely from southern WI
    into central/northern Lower MI over the next 4-5 hours. Saturated
    to nearly saturated soils are expected to be a contributing factor
    to excess runoff from rainfall rates of 1-2 in/hr.

    Discussion...0320Z radar imagery across the Upper Midwest showed
    an MCS with an elongated convective line on its southern flank,
    oriented west-east from the MN/WI/IA tri-state region into
    northwestern Lower MI. The cluster of thunderstorms were located
    along a quasi-stationary front that extended west to east through
    central WI/MI with 500-2000 J/kg MLCAPE (highest over northeastern
    IA, lowest over Lower MI) estimated just south of the boundary per
    03Z SPC mesoanalysis data. Infrared imagery showed cloud tops
    continued to cool with divergence aloft aided within the
    right-entrance region of a 110-130 kt upper level jet streak
    positioned over Lake Superior into southern Quebec. 850 mb VAD
    wind data showed 50-60 kt of SSW flow from eastern IA into
    northern IL and southern WI, aiding rapid moisture transport
    across Lake Michigan into Lower MI with upstream moisture over the
    Midwest between 1.2 and 1.4 inches.

    As the main surface low along the front in northwestern IA
    advances ENE tonight, continued southerly flow ahead of the low
    into the ongoing complex of storms should sustain convection
    within the unstable airmass for several more hours. Mean cell
    motions from the W to SW will interact with the southerly low
    level inflow allowing for segments of the line to advance
    southeastward at times. Cell mergers and training within the
    linear segments of the MCS will attain rainfall rates of 1-2 in/hr
    at times with an overall movement toward the east through 08Z.
    Most soils across the region are saturated due to snowmelt and/or
    recent rainfall, with additional heavy rainfall more quickly
    translating into runoff compared to average. Therefore, areas of
    flash flooding are likely to occur across southern WI into Lower
    MI over the next 4-5 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7L1O-mnGFqvdnGQKawceVca5wKPKEE_53aZyZ3QByeXtRcHpH_iNlJdj0PPvcB--9qxe= 996tFkVy9okNckkMMmvxAfw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...APX...ARX...DTX...GRB...GRR...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 45818459 45288327 44528305 43748367 42798585=20
    42498773 42528950 42719070 43409120 44019101=20
    44319034 44578902 45028737 45468637=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 14 18:02:21 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 141802
    FFGMPD
    INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-MNZ000-IAZ000-150000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0103
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    200 PM EDT Tue Apr 14 2026

    Areas affected...Eastern IA...Southern WI...Northern and Eastern
    IL...Western and Central IN

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 141800Z - 150000Z

    SUMMARY...Developing and expanding clusters of heavy showers and
    thunderstorms coupled with locally wet/sensitive antecedent
    conditions will foster an isolated to scattered threat for flash
    flooding going through early this evening.

    DISCUSSION...Early afternoon GOES-E visible satellite imagery
    shows stronger diurnal heating promoting a steady destabilization
    of the boundary layer across eastern IA, western IL and nosing
    into southwest WI. This airmass is pooling south and east of a
    quasi-stationary front as multiple waves of low pressure advance
    along it.

    Some modest CINH remains in place across these areas, but MLCAPE
    values of 2000 to 3000 J/kg are already in place, and this is
    being supported by steep mid-level lapse rates transiting the
    Midwest. Meanwhile, satellite imagery shows a modest mid-level
    shortwave impulse ejecting northeastward across central and
    eastern IA down through northern MO and into western IL. This
    energy coupled with additional solar insolation should erode the
    remaining CAP across the region and set the stage for convective
    initiation. Much of this should be focused in close proximity to a leftover/diffuse outflow boundary from the early-day convection.

    As convection grows upscale, there will gradually be concerns for
    a few cell-mergers and some cell-training. A combination of
    multicells and supercells will be likely given the strong
    instability in conjunction with strong shear (effective bulk shear
    approaching 50 kts). The larger scale environment is also
    increasingly moist with aid from a southwest low-level jet of 30
    to 40+ kts. Deeper layer southwesterly moisture transport is noted
    aloft too with elevated CIRA-LVT magnitudes.

    Locally significant model disagreement is noted through this
    evening with the placement of the convection and its general
    evolution, but a multi-model consensus suggests eastern IA,
    northern IL and southern WI seeing one focus for convection, with
    areas of central/eastern IL and into western IN seeing a second
    focus.

    Rainfall rates will be capable of reaching 1 to 2 inches/hour,
    with some localized totals by early this evening of 2 to 4 inches.
    The antecedent conditions are locally quite sensitive, and
    especially from eastern IA through northern IL and southern WI.
    Isolated to scattered areas of flash flooding will be possible as
    a result.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6rVoRhS9MtZ95Sj6aCH05vO57EMIhqP-DU7yZfIuOyX3spDEUeEb69FAjBiqp3DRaLHv= v5fBXogv1SsUKymmwi2Cj7Y$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...DVN...ILX...IND...IWX...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43969015 43808891 43378810 42458766 41648679=20
    41038574 40368523 39538567 39238682 39538845=20
    40048943 41199043 41619249 41909331 42369330=20
    42689297 43329238 43909121=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 14 22:04:13 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 142204
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-150402-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0104
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    603 PM EDT Tue Apr 14 2026

    Areas affected...portions of western North Texas and the
    southeastern Texas Plains into southern and central Oklahoma

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 142202Z - 150402Z

    Summary...Ongoing convective evolution suggests an increasing
    flash flood threat for areas near Vernon, Lawton, and eventually
    toward the I-35 corridor in central Oklahoma through 04Z/11p
    Central.

    Discussion...Scattered, deep convection continues to increase in
    coverage across western north Texas and southwestern Oklahoma.=20
    Recent surface obs indicate subtle veering of flow west of a
    dryline across the Texas South Plains, and objective
    analyses/satellite suggest subtle vort maxima riding atop the
    dryline and over a warm, unstable airmass over the discussion
    area. These trends suggest continued expansion of convective
    coverage across the discussion area over the next few hours
    (especially as the low-level jet ramps up), with areas of training
    and mergers expected to foster spots of 1-2.5 inch/hr rain rates
    especially near the Red River.

    Antecedent conditions are a somewhat moist across the region from
    prior heavy-rain events over the past week. Sensitive terrain and
    urbanized areas (near Lawton in particular) could also experience
    a higher runoff risk. The overall focus for flash flooding should
    revolve around sensitive spots and locations of cell mergers -
    with background/mean flow fields (around 35-45 knots) suggestive
    that prolonged heavier rainfall (and >1.5 inch/hr rates/local FFG)
    may not occur on a widespread basis.

    Flash flooding is possible with this regime initially over
    southwestern OK and western north Texas, with the risk spreading
    northeastward toward I-35 in Oklahoma later tonight.

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6VoGB_M1a_9ytYeE6UWe8iLQ051eCBJO1BKLKOA725_8XkZLNT0flAJJgr3NBTOQttOi= 3Q_C8zlaihqgqTHhLhv-AsE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AMA...FWD...LUB...OUN...SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35969737 35969640 34589601 33539662 33169844=20
    32870002 32960060 33570089 34530062 35180008=20
    35599891=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 14 23:57:56 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 142357
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-150556-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0105
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    756 PM EDT Tue Apr 14 2026

    Areas affected...portions of Wisconsin and Michigan

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 142356Z - 150556Z

    Summary...Deep convection will continue to produce heavy rainfall
    while migrating eastward through Wisconsin, across Lake Michigan,
    and eventually into Lower Michigan. Flash flooding is likely
    given ongoing impacts and local sensitivities in the region.

    Discussion...Deep convection has evolved as expected from the
    Mississippi River eastward across much of Wisconsin and
    northeastern Iowa. Favorable interactions with a warm frontal
    zone and steep lapse rates aloft have enabled intense updrafts and
    embedded mesocyclones to occasionally merge and produce spots of 2
    inches/hr of rainfall at times. Areas of flash flooding are
    possible in the short term.

    Of particular concern is the potential for storms to expand
    northeastward and eastward in coverage. The position of warm
    frontal zone over central Wisconsin and cooler Lake Michigan
    waters may weaken convection as storms move atop slightly
    cooler/stable low-level air, although very steep lapse rates aloft
    downstream should maintain convection as it migrates toward areas
    that have experienced 3-5 inches of rainfall over the past 3 days,
    with ongoing impacts to local watersheds in the area. FFGs fall
    to below 1 inch/hr in a few downstream areas, highlighting the
    sensitivity of the ground conditions there. Approaching heavy
    rainfall may worsen ongoing recovery efforts and perhaps cause new
    instances of flash flooding to occur.

    Peak flash flood potential will spread into northeastern Wisconsin
    in the 00-04Z timeframe and eventually spread into Lower Michigan
    generally from 02Z onward.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7kgjJfhxvhUeO4YT74P3s8DQ6l_xpQ24IGlUfxoboD8Y2QG0QSY5486_Dp46h_RYXL9-= Huhx9HqLAuI5qFzRolT1pZE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...APX...ARX...DTX...DVN...GRB...GRR...IWX...LOT...
    MKX...MQT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 45408569 45298379 44028325 42218366 41788510=20
    41898733 42518836 42508976 43319091 44929033=20
    45348892=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 15 00:25:03 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 150024
    FFGMPD
    INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-150623-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0106
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    824 PM EDT Tue Apr 14 2026

    Areas affected...eastern Iowa, northern Illinois, southern
    Wisconsin

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 150023Z - 150623Z

    Summary...Thunderstorms are expected to not only persist, but
    train and repeat over areas very near the WI/IL border vicinity
    over the next several hours. Flash flooding is likely, and
    significant impacts cannot be ruled out.

    Discussion...Radar mosaic imagery depicts a mature convective
    complex with embedded linear structures and mesocyclones extending
    from south-central WI (near Madison) southwestward to near Dubuque
    and Cedar Rapids. Other convection was anchored/backbuilding near
    a warm front close to and just north of Milwaukee. Each of these
    convective clusters were producing expanding cold pools that were
    progressively orienting perpendicular to increasing southwesterly
    low-level flow, with 45kts now noted on mesoanalyses at 850mb
    across much of IA/IL. Latest indications are that these
    convective clusters will continue to backbuild and train owing to
    convergence along strengthening outflows and strong upstream
    buoyancy (~3000 J/kg MLCAPE).=20

    The scenario is beginning to favor multiple hours of repeating
    convection (1-2.5 inch/hr rain rates) very close to where ongoing
    convection exists currently. Localized 3-5 inch rainfall totals
    are possible over the next 6 hours. This could result in
    significant flash flood potential as FFG thresholds across the
    area are only at around 1 inch/hr and will be readily exceeded.=20
    This potential will likely exist through 06Z/1a central, with
    populated areas near Madison, Milwaukee, Rockford, and perhaps
    Chicago potentially experiencing impacts.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_RimPN4452Lz3CSs_IelT7ml5jPYxQHeJmRoaCJABg12dpxpwKNOMVjDMdImE2PL8K-g= NjzLo2BW4jUzEE5JhCUattE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DMX...DVN...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43498958 43368824 42998765 41958741 41538758=20
    41248859 41319028 41369158 41559227 41839253=20
    42249259 43009239 43179125=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 15 05:29:01 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 150528
    FFGMPD
    OHZ000-MIZ000-INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-151020-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0107
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    127 AM EDT Wed Apr 15 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern IL/southeastern WI to southern
    MI/northern IN

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 150526Z - 151020Z

    SUMMARY...Scattered flash flooding will be possible in the
    vicinity of the eastern IL/WI border, eastward to southern Lower
    MI, northern IN and northwestern OH. Rainfall rates of 1-2 in/hr
    (locally higher) are expected along with peak additional rainfall
    totals of 2-3 inches through 10Z

    DISCUSSION...05Z radar imagery depicted a trailing stratiform MCS
    moving across Lower MI with the leading edge pressing
    southeastward across southern MI into northern IN. An outflow
    boundary was analyzed ahead of the convective line from
    southeastern MI into northern IN/IL with upstream thunderstorm
    development occurring north of the western portion of the boundary
    along the WI/IL border. 925-850 mb winds were from the SW at 45-55
    kt to the south of the boundary over north-central IL and
    1000-2000 J/kg MLCAPE extended from the MI/IN border back west to
    the MS River, per SPC mesoanalysis data.

    The leading edge of the MCS is expected to continue tracking
    toward the ESE across southeastern MI into northern IN and
    northwestern OH over the next 1 to 2 hours, but back to the west,
    continued convective development is likely as moist, low level
    flow overruns the slow moving western portion of the rain-cooled
    outflow. Mean cell motions are generally from the west which will
    setup a favorable pattern for training from west to east given
    alignment with the low level boundary. Rainfall rates of 1 to 2
    in/hr are likely (locally higher possible), and an additional 2 to
    3 inches of rain is expected through 10Z where cell training is
    maximized. Flash flood guidance is less than 2 inches in 3 hours
    for some locations, especially across northern IL/southern WI
    where heavy rain over the past 12-24 hours has contributed to
    reduced soil infiltration.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4gUZnv0Qxp7R8HWlZNMdEUOjnXzvwcsKhaQiAxAI-iAuF1r4A3I0uJ-ZiXaLC7iOJvba= 8vQFf0NVtX6daqnhMsw5PxE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...DTX...GRR...IWX...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43668276 43568226 43138209 42448225 41578312=20
    41298455 41268640 41468819 41788922 42428939=20
    42908878 42848652 42988484 43578350=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 15 21:48:39 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 152148
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-160246-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0108
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    547 PM EDT Wed Apr 15 2026

    Areas affected...southern Wisconsin, northern Illinois

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 152146Z - 160246Z

    Summary...Thunderstorms will migrate eastward across wet/sensitive
    areas from yesterday's rainfall especially across Wisconsin.=20
    Flash flooding is likely.

    Discussion...Scattered thunderstorms have organized along a
    frontal boundary from just north of Dubuque to Des Moines. The
    storms are exhibiting linear organization so far in their
    evolution, with forward propagation and 40-50 kt speeds generally
    limiting their rainfall potential to around 1 inch/hr or less.=20
    Flash flooding is possible on an isolated basis in the short term.

    Over the next 1-4 hours, however, storms will migrate eastward
    along a remnant outflow/frontal boundary extending east-west
    across southern Wisconsin (generally from Sheboygan to Wisconsin
    Dells). As low-level flow increases over Illinois, convergence
    along this boundary could result in additional convection
    developing in southern/southeastern Wisconsin out ahead of the
    ongoing quasi-linear complex. This will increase potential for training/mergers and prolonged rainfall rates in areas that have
    already experienced 1-4 inches of rainfall yesterday near/north
    and west of Milwaukee and across far northern Illinois. FFGs are
    less than 1 inch/hr in some spots and could readily be exceeded
    where mergers take place. Flash flooding is likely - especially
    in sensitive areas that received rainfall/runoff issues late
    yesterday and early today.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5opxEbcOifoi00puOb7C5zg01c-pm_jWC9NSJEfq1mEfdNRUZ1jcte1ysb-WmCRTq14u= t29w5aSU3WiQJFXPtvtydIo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DVN...GRB...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 44558947 44408783 43208786 42008773 41548866=20
    41449051 42319153 43979095=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 15 23:01:23 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 152301
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-MOZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-160459-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0109
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    700 PM EDT Wed Apr 15 2026

    Areas affected...much of Missouri, a small part of southeastern
    Kansas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 152259Z - 160459Z

    Summary...Deep convection is organizing into clusters/segments
    with localized training. Localized flash flooding is possible
    especially in low-spots and sensitive areas.

    Discussion...Convection continues to mature along and east of a
    dryline extending from near Kansas City south-southwestward to
    near Bartlesville and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The storms are in
    a very moist, unstable airmass (with 2000 J/kg SBCAPE and 1.5 inch
    PW values) supporting locally heavy rainfall at times despite
    appreciable storm motions of around 30-40 knots.

    The storms are in an environment with modest forcing for ascent
    due to the slow movement of the dryline, with an approaching
    vort-max over Nebraska and confluence ahead of the dryline helping
    to deepen and expand convective coverage. Because storms aren't
    strictly confined to the dryline, a few areas of training have
    been noted (especially across far southwestern Missouri near
    Joplin). These trends should continue for several more hours as
    evidence of any distinct upscale growth into forward-propagating
    linear segments (that would effectively reduce rain rates) is
    currently unclear.

    Localized training/repeating is likely to result in spots of 1-2
    inch/hr rain rates at times on a localized basis. These rain
    rates will threaten local FFG thresholds, with local sensitivities
    also contributing to a potential flash flood risk. This risk will
    persist for several hours this evening - perhaps through 03-04Z
    tonight.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4QBPUYiOvvcrSPYpuhtkEviwBvLAooHGfmdwrtbeqZBMskhBe_do-t8cvF3LxHUIUCMe= m9tMCSe9Cl1O5RzzcsdF2es$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DVN...EAX...ICT...LSX...PAH...SGF...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40509182 39399086 37999060 37039114 36699282=20
    36749448 37119532 38149503 39479452 40199364=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 16 00:12:27 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 160012
    FFGMPD
    ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-160609-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0110
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    810 PM EDT Wed Apr 15 2026

    Areas affected...southern/southeastern Oklahoma, far north Texas,
    far western Arkansas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 160009Z - 160609Z

    Summary...An axis of training convection has materialized from
    near Wichita Falls through Ardmore to near McAlister. This heavy
    rain axis should translate east-northeastward over the next few
    hours, with flash flooding possible especially across southern
    Oklahoma.

    Discussion...Initial scattered convection has recently aligned
    into a focused, training axis of cells along the Red River Valley
    this evening. The storms are in a weakly forced environment, with
    forcing for ascent resulting from the glancing influence of a
    mid-level wave over Nebraska and weakly confluent low-level flow
    across the region. The orientation of cells parallel to mean flow
    aloft - combined with their gradual maturity and establishment of
    cold pools - suggests that training convection will continue to be
    an issue for at least a few hours. This training band of
    convection will gradually translate east-northeastward into more
    of eastern Oklahoma and perhaps far western Arkansas through the
    overnight hours. A secondary training band of convection
    near/north of the Dallas/Fort Worth metroplex may also materialize
    over the next couple hours.

    Ground conditions are relatively dry in many areas, with hourly
    FFG thresholds exceeding 2-2.5 inches in spots. This suggests
    isolated flash flood potential across the region - mainly tied to
    low spots and/or urban areas. Persistence of training, however
    (as evidenced by 2-2.5 inch/hr rain rates near Ardmore) suggests
    that appreciable impacts may occur where rainfall is heaviest and
    most persistent. This isolated flash flood threat should persist
    for several hours - perhaps through 06Z/1a central.

    Cook=20

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!94K4h8YfYfUxaStsHe_mwQL2Cg4STxUAwOgtVe0vJgX8kBrY3h64uUeSF04aU6SgfTz9= sW5g0eOrXgiqZql0yM0HAKo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...LZK...OUN...SHV...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35899509 35869426 34929421 33509505 33079635=20
    32859832 34239831 35069740=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 16 03:11:57 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 160311
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-MOZ000-160800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0112
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1110 PM EDT Wed Apr 15 2026

    Areas affected...Central Illinois...East-Central/Southeast
    Missouri...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 160310Z - 160800Z

    SUMMARY...Mature MCV continues to provide solid WAA ascent coupled
    with nose of enhanced deep layer moisture likely to support
    efficient rainfall production with rates of 1.5-1.75" and streaks
    of 2-3" totals resulting in possible incident(s) of localized
    flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR suite depicts a maturing MCV just
    southwest of metro St. Louis lifting northeastward at this time.=20
    GOES-E WV and RADAR show a broadening mid-level baroclinic
    leaf/shield indicative of continued favorable evacuation aloft to
    maintain the MCS for the next few hours. VWP and RAP analysis
    denote the broad divergence is supporting strengthening low level
    flow with solid confluence at the nose of the deeper layer
    moisture axis. CIRA LPW shows corridor of 850-500mb moisture is
    aligned ideally with the southwesterly flow but sfc to 850mb
    moisture is very broad and increasing to support TPW value in
    excess of 1.5". The 30-35kts of 850-700mb confluent flow in this
    moisture regime will support 1.5-1.75" rainfall production even
    with reducing/narrowing unstable axis (generally 500-750 J/kg of
    MUCAPEs). The MCV is also providing a corralling of downstream
    flow into a well defined deformation axis that is generally
    parallel to the deeper layer steering. This orientation will be
    the supportive requirement for increased duration to support
    localized steaks of 2-3" totals.

    Unlike further north, the ground conditions are much drier due to
    the prolonged drought. Yet, FFG values of 1.5-2"/hr and 2-3"/3hr
    are in the realm of exceedance and while not all locations will be
    exceeded there should be a few areas that may lead to localized
    flash flooding conditions through the early overnight period. As
    such, flash flooding is considered possible across central IL back
    through east-central MO; with slightly higher potential in the
    urban areas near Metro St. Louis, due to hydrophobic grounds and
    drainage.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_WoxM95G8ExX39lGSpA8s-H7qn-FUCdGbkYh4vn_8BhypuFWDWSIc__7RJp008JX_uhC= d3_AwawJzGwp-3qEB59Qe3Q$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ILX...LSX...PAH...SGF...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40338843 39928763 39148773 38638840 37699014=20
    37499135 37969181 38549157 38819130 39579024=20
    40138941=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 16 02:34:44 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 160234
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-160800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0111
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1033 PM EDT Wed Apr 15 2026

    Areas affected...Northern IL...Far Southeast WI...Southern L.P. of
    MI...Far Northwest IND...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 160235Z - 160800Z

    SUMMARY...Potential for localized flash flooding continues through
    the early overnight period; though coverage should become more
    scattered with loss of heating/rainfall intensity. Rates of
    1.5-1.75"/hr and spots of 2-3" remain possible.

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR depicts a mature MCV across central
    Lake Michigan just east of Milwaukee progressing toward
    Holland/Muskegon, MI with a trailing QLCS convective line
    extending across SE WI into the NW Exurbs of Chicago along W I-88
    in N IL toward the Quad Cities. The cold pool appears to be
    maturing as well, increasing forward propagation of the line
    particularly through the middle, toward the WI/IL line, this is
    reducing overall residency time for extreme rainfall totals, but
    the short-term heavy bursts may still result in 1-1.5" in 30 to 60
    minutes. Given recent heavy rainfall and saturated upper soil
    profiles and proximity to hydrophobic urban conditions near
    Chicago will result in increased run-off and likely incidents of
    localized flash flooding/rapid rise flood, especially in the next
    few hours.

    GOES-WV shows expanding divergence region along the entrance of a
    100 kt 3H speed max across the LP of MI at this time, helping to
    maintain the MCV crossing the more stable air of Lake Michigan but
    solid southwesterly warm-air advection is allowing for downstream
    convergence with limited but sufficient MUCAPE of 500-750 J/kg.=20
    VWP shows solid 850-700 40-45kt flow at the western nose of the
    deep layer moisture axis where overall PW totals are increasing to
    over 1.25". This will likely continue to support 1.5-1.75"/hr
    rates and given the record wet spring across the SW LP; FFGs are
    compromised in spots and while typically sandy and able to absorb
    these rates and totals up to 2-3", saturation over 75% to 85% will
    still quickly be overwhelmed with above normal run off and
    potential for localized flash flooding conditions. However,
    proximity to the unstable air will be increasing (along with
    overall diurnal loss) and overall intensity of thunderstorms will
    be steadily increasing through the night reducing overall coverage
    and magnitude of flooding potential.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4LPc5RRJ7D_EWUR-GQyFYstxacfepZIrau-Gq7EetmrgliaA_S5VAKvEdlNZqw0hlovq= memycrUKXrRQJ4-THjJqulI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DTX...DVN...GRR...IWX...LOT...MKX...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43868583 43758458 43508280 42468379 41648587=20
    41268769 41238976 41499024 42108976 42648902=20
    42968835 43578710=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 16 04:44:56 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 160444
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-ARZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-160845-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0113
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1243 AM EDT Thu Apr 16 2026

    Areas affected...Northeast Oklahoma...Southwest Missouri...Adj.
    Northwest Arkansas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 160445Z - 160845Z

    SUMMARY...A few more hours of potential localized flash flooding
    due to slow moving/training thunderstorms across the Ozark Plateau.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E 10.3um IR and regional RADAR mosaic shows a
    solid warming/weakening trend to the convective line across much
    of the Ozark Plateau. RAP analysis shows warming low levels and
    increasing CINH trends across the remaining well of 1000-2000 J/kg
    of MLCAPE, the exception remaining along the upwind edge across NE
    OK; and this is where the healthiest updrafts remain. Still,
    KINX/KSGF show most are starting to have dominating outflow
    patterns. However, as the dry-line retreated and the mean
    upper-level shortwave trough across IA is kicking east; a weakness
    in the overall mid-level flow/steering is lying perpendicular to
    weakening but sufficient southerly surface to boundary layer/925mb
    flow providing solid moisture flux convergence in proximity to the
    remaining MLCAPE axis. Tds in the upper 60s to low 70s. With this
    convergence and steering flow parallel to the boundary (and
    slacking), training or increased downdraft residency may allow for
    a narrow axis of enhanced rainfall rates up to 1.75"/hr for a
    potential of localized 2-3" total. Beside naturally lower FFG
    due to complex terrain across the Ozark Plateau, even further west
    into NE OK, FFG values are locally lower with hourly values less
    than 1.5-2" and 3" values less than 3". So an isolated incident
    or two of flash flooding remains possible more likely over the
    next few hours (through 06z) than into late overnight hours.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-TvB5wH1yA2rEBw5_ycJhpkLeoKNTS-Ovu9k5jlIx-qJ2pkeb0t11tRXvyqCe5r2sRyr= ukq0ka5--mZ0V5dP_wCKRGU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...SGF...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37839174 37359132 36779169 36529332 36329416=20
    36139587 36179651 36579663 36769627 36979505=20
    37359379 37769264=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 16 20:03:10 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 162003
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-MOZ000-170001-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0114
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    401 PM EDT Thu Apr 16 2026

    Areas affected...a small part of Missouri

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 162001Z - 170001Z

    Summary...Isolated, slow-moving thunderstorms could cause
    localized flash flooding for the next few hours (through 00Z/7p
    central).

    Discussion...A localized cluster of thunderstorms has become
    established across central Missouri. The storms have developed in
    response to strong insolation/surface destabilization beneath a
    very cold mid/upper wave (-18C at 500 hPa). The storms are also
    in a very localized area where mid-level flow drops off
    substantially, with right-moving storm motions falling to around
    5-10 knots per point forecast soundings. This explains recent
    behavior of the storm cluster very near Osage Beach, MO, where
    MRMS estimates of 1+ inch/hr in that area were already exceeding
    local FFG.

    Given the weak forcing for ascent, convective coverage is in
    question. Persistence of ongoing activity - or perhaps additional
    slow-moving cluster(s) of convection could produce 1 inch/hr rain
    rates at times. Again, these rates could exceed FFG, and given
    sensitive local terrain in the region, another instance or two of
    flash flooding cannot be completely ruled out. This risk will
    likely be diurnally driven and lessen some after sunset.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-ObucWhVuhSJtJ-DCrbSpVcGeYPrECRaPTiEJb1XmBzxTkejYnTMq5FUaz6gFsNiaqkA= M_oO_IyUC9okdjLdiTlDbSA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...LSX...PAH...SGF...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 38919228 38839074 38279022 37459022 37119109=20
    37199248 37689329 38099339 38809317=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 17 18:11:42 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 171811
    FFGMPD
    WIZ000-ILZ000-MOZ000-MNZ000-IAZ000-180010-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0115
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    210 PM EDT Fri Apr 17 2026

    Areas affected...Northeast MO...Western and Northern IL..Eastern
    IA...Far Southeast MN...Central and Southern WI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 171810Z - 180010Z

    SUMMARY...Rapid convective development is expected over highly
    saturated soils this afternoon. Anomalous moisture and instability
    will support rainfall rates of 1 to 2 inches/hour. While
    individual cell motions will be fast, cell-training will lead to
    localized totals of 2 to 4 inches, making flash flooding likely
    given the sensitive antecedent conditions.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E Day Cloud Phase RGB satellite imagery and
    surface observations indicate rapid destabilization across the
    Upper Midwest ahead of an ejecting upper-level trough and
    approaching strong cold front. A 40 to 50+ kt southwesterly
    low-level jet is fostering intense warm air advection and moisture
    transport into the region, resulting in an anomalously moist and
    unstable airmass for mid-April (PWATs climbing to ~1.25 inches and
    MLCAPE of 1500 to 3000 J/kg).

    Convective initiation is expected imminently as the cap erodes,
    particularly near surface waves analyzed over north-central IA and
    southeast MN which are locally enhancing convergence. Deep-layer
    ascent will continue to increase this afternoon and evening as a
    strong shortwave/jet streak rounds the base of the trough and
    approaches from the west. Convective mode is expected to feature a
    mix of supercells and organized multicell clusters.

    While strong deep-layer shear (40 to 50+ kts) will promote fast
    individual cell motions to the northeast, the southwesterly
    steering flow is largely parallel to the low-level jet axis and
    lifting warm front. This alignment will strongly favor corridors
    of cell-training and repeating rounds of heavy rainfall over the
    same areas. High-efficiency updrafts will be capable of producing
    1 to 2 inch/hour rainfall rates, with the 12Z HREF signaling
    localized swaths of 2 to 4 inches through 00Z.

    The primary driver for the flash flood threat is the highly
    sensitive antecedent conditions. Recent NASA SPoRT 0 to 10 cm soil
    moisture data indicates very moist if not saturated soils (80 to
    100%) across much of the region, and USGS streamflow networks show
    running waterways are already elevated. With minimal infiltration
    capacity, the intense 1 to 2 inch/hour rates will to convert to
    enhanced runoff concerns, and likely promoting scattered areas of
    flash flooding which will include some localized urban impacts as
    well.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9hjs2Z_oHmyo18eoaSQu7i3KoZD9Delq5_o_Aeyu83kiVMQIawM1h87TuD-4LEItpLhN= MhaDX-LNgGe5ulc54SN8dxk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DLH...DMX...DVN...EAX...GRB...ILX...LOT... LSX...MKX...MPX...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 45659058 45318891 44168851 42578857 41148902=20
    40108946 39429028 39319154 39769277 40559338=20
    41339334 43079263 44399214 45129163=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 17 19:04:14 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 171904
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-180102-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0116
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    303 PM EDT Fri Apr 17 2026

    Areas affected...portions of southern and eastern Kansas into
    northwestern Missouri

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 171902Z - 180102Z

    Summary...Flash flooding is possible as storms expand in coverage
    and intensity across the discussion area through 00Z/7p central.

    Discussion...Convective initiation has occurred in earnest along a
    synoptic front extending from near St. Joseph, MO to near Wichita,
    KS over the past half hour. The storms are in an extremely
    unstable environment, with 2000-3000 J/kg MLCAPE and 1.2-1.5 inch
    PW values supporting heavy rainfall. The front and initial
    convection was also oriented parallel to deep southwesterly
    steering flow aloft, suggestive of areas of training as storms
    mature over the next 1-2 hours. The localized training (and
    perhaps cell mergers where individual cells can move right of mean
    flow) should result in a few spots of 1.5 inch/hr rain rates that
    could result FFG exceedance and flash flooding with time.

    Trends through the night will ultimately depend on the degree of
    convective coverage and any upscale growth into linear segments
    that could materialize. Even if the dominant storm mode becomes
    linear, local training axes are likely to materialize and enhance
    flash flood risk. These trends, along with any potential
    development out ahead of the main frontal band, will be monitored
    for any corridors of significant flash flood potential through the
    evening hours.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_6urUHJHWAXBLoWXgUTS01fJG-k_8qnlfcUOHJLu-Nf-cVPdz3_l-tPy6jQQo3CpjNI9= 066vCnaiDF9ytCYfuFMT224$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DDC...EAX...ICT...OAX...OUN...SGF...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40579404 40529265 39909261 37869402 37089542=20
    36999727 37289839 38509719 40219524=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 17 23:37:15 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 172337
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-180434-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0117
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    735 PM EDT Fri Apr 17 2026

    Areas affected...central/northern Illinois, much of Wisconsin,
    upper Peninsula of Michigan, western Indiana

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 172334Z - 180434Z

    Summary...Flash flood potential continues especially across
    Wisconsin and northern Illinois. This threat will shift eastward
    through the evening hours.

    Discussion...A mix of linear and clustered convection continues to
    migrate east/northeastward across the discussion area. Areas of repeating/training were noted across far southern Wisconsin - and
    that area remains sensitive from prior heavy rainfall over the
    past several days. FFGs near/downstream of ongoing convection in
    southern Wisconsin are in the 1 inch/hr range (locally lower),
    with urban impacts from heavy rain expected in the Milwaukee area
    over the next 1-2 hours or so. Flash flooding remains likely
    there.

    Farther north, scattered convection has matured over central
    Wisconsin just ahead of a synoptic cold front despite widespread
    convective overturning. Instability profiles remain supportive of
    strong/deep convection in the short term (next couple hours),
    though the longevity of this convection is in question with
    eastward extent. Nevertheless, widespread impacts from recent
    heavy rain, swollen watersheds, and snow melt have left the region
    very sensitive (FFGs near 0 in the UP of Michigan, also <1 inch/hr
    elsewhere in parts of northeastern Wisconsin), and localized flash
    flooding remains possible.

    Cells in the southern part of this elongated conpmex (exiting
    southeastern Iowa) are more linear in nature, though a few cells
    have developed over west-central Illinois that should merge with
    this line over the next few hours. Ground conditions aren't as
    sensitive in central Illinois compared to farther north. Flash
    flooding may be more isolated/dependent on local rain rate
    enhancement from these mergers.

    Eventually, this elongated complex will shift eastward through
    northeastern Illinois and into western Indiana, with at least
    isolated flash flood potential continuing through 05Z/midnight
    central.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!75sQHgPWBmHMjZ1Iw9XEB_ZKL_6aH3-pygDpV2_kNNOuyft9zc_2YNqGB8JtW2UbmLfK= YzgLHaEoDJkopQwKKRSvHJA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DLH...DVN...GRB...ILX...IND...IWX...LOT... LSX...MKX...MQT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 46768913 46698706 46338613 44718704 42648721=20
    41438661 40218642 39408761 39449008 40039107=20
    40969098 42259046 43959061 45999024=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 17 23:39:14 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 172339
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-INZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-IAZ000-180434-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0117
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    738 PM EDT Fri Apr 17 2026

    Areas affected...central/northern Illinois, much of Wisconsin,
    upper Peninsula of Michigan, western Indiana

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 172334Z - 180434Z

    Summary...Flash flood potential continues especially across
    Wisconsin and northern Illinois. This threat will shift eastward
    through the evening hours.

    Discussion...A mix of linear and clustered convection continues to
    migrate east/northeastward across the discussion area. Areas of repeating/training were noted across far southern Wisconsin - and
    that area remains sensitive from prior heavy rainfall over the
    past several days. FFGs near/downstream of ongoing convection in
    southern Wisconsin are in the 1 inch/hr range (locally lower),
    with urban impacts from heavy rain expected in the Milwaukee area
    over the next 1-2 hours or so. Flash flooding remains likely
    there.

    Farther north, scattered convection has matured over central
    Wisconsin just ahead of a synoptic cold front despite widespread
    convective overturning. Instability profiles remain supportive of
    strong/deep convection in the short term (next couple hours),
    though the longevity of this convection is in question with
    eastward extent. Nevertheless, widespread impacts from recent
    heavy rain, swollen watersheds, and snow melt have left the region
    very sensitive (FFGs near 0 in the UP of Michigan, also <1 inch/hr
    elsewhere in parts of northeastern Wisconsin), and localized flash
    flooding remains possible.

    Cells in the southern part of this elongate complex (exiting
    southeastern Iowa) are more linear in nature, though a few cells
    have developed over west-central Illinois that should merge with
    this line over the next few hours. Ground conditions aren't as
    sensitive in central Illinois compared to farther north. Flash
    flooding may be more isolated/dependent on local rain rate
    enhancement from these mergers.

    Eventually, this elongated complex will shift eastward through
    northeastern Illinois and into western Indiana, with at least
    isolated flash flood potential continuing through 05Z/midnight
    central.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9U-h3PbHAPaEvnkDE8b8ojujiT2ikJcvFmDdocidQB9F7rW9CG0HfjZD7aSshrypXflm= 0uVx1ZhowZi6PlF2XOrL6hQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DLH...DVN...GRB...ILX...IND...IWX...LOT... LSX...MKX...MQT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...TIR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 46768913 46698706 46338613 44718704 42648721=20
    41438661 40218642 39408761 39449008 40039107=20
    40969098 42259046 43959061 45999024=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 18 00:43:51 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 180043
    FFGMPD
    ILZ000-MOZ000-ARZ000-OKZ000-KSZ000-180641-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0118
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    842 PM EDT Fri Apr 17 2026

    Areas affected...northern/central/eastern Oklahoma, southeastern
    Kansas, southern/central Missouri, northwestern Arkansas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 180041Z - 180641Z

    Summary...Isolated instances of flash flooding remain possible
    through 06Z/1a central.

    Discussion...Ongoing convection has largely organized into an
    extensive linear complex extending from near Osage Beach, MO
    west-southwestward through Ponca City and Gage, OK. The storms
    are mostly undercut by composite synoptic front/outflow, although
    a few elements in central Missouri and far north-central Oklahoma
    remain surface-based. The storms are migrating eastward between
    35-45 knots while exhibiting localized training and areas of 1-2
    inch/hr rain rates at times. These rates should be enough for
    isolated flash flooding as FFG thresholds are generally in the
    1-1.5 inch/hr range especially from north-central Oklahoma
    eastward.

    Storms will be maintained through the overnight hours by abundant
    instability (1000-2500 J/kg MLCAPE) and strengthening low-level
    flow oriented perpendicular to the aforementioned front/outflow,
    maintaining robust updrafts and occasional training. Cells may
    tend to weaken some in east-central Missouri, but re-development
    over western Oklahoma near a front/dryline intersection should
    maintain the heavy rain risk through at least 06Z/1a central
    tonight. Flash flooding is expected on at least an isolated basis
    where training is most pronounced, with terrain influences in
    southwestern Missouri also likely playing a role in enhancing
    flash flood risk. Lastly, models suggest that the ongoing
    convective band will gradually develop southeastward toward the
    I-40 corridor in Oklahoma through the night.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8uiQ__KyH0yp5gD3LVLtiqN8N1vgyEat01kFbc0VsJSyK8Qphlh3hQqt4IJgyiwUMQIe= xQ9i_b7j_xr2DclgdMvU51Y$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EAX...ICT...LSX...LZK...OUN...PAH...SGF...TOP...
    TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...ORN...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39309207 38969054 37709043 36569135 35499386=20
    34529681 34489883 35219970 36259956 36939828=20
    37899631 38929406=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 18 19:45:23 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 181945
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-TXZ000-190145-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0119
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    344 PM EDT Sat Apr 18 2026

    Areas affected...Southeast TX...Southwest LA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 181945Z - 190145Z

    SUMMARY...Potent thunderstorms capable of producing >2"/hr
    rainfall rates over the urbanized communities of southeast TX and
    southwest LA could cause localized urban flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...Visible satellite and Doppler Radar show a bubbling
    field of convection over southeast TX and southwest LA in advance
    of an approaching strong cold front. Additional surface based
    heating this afternoon will yield over 1,500 J/kg of MLCAPE along
    the I-10 corridor. Winds in advance, and in wake, of the cold
    front are NErly while winds within the 700-200mb layer are firmly
    out of the WSW. This is supporting effective bulk vertical wind
    shear levels that the RAP suggests could surpass 40 kts. This
    would allow for thunderstorms to have more longevity than typical
    "pop-up" or "garden variety" storms. HRRR and RAP area averaged
    soundings show warm cloud layers up to 12,000ft deep and skinny
    CAPE profiles that found in typical warm rain processes. As 850mb
    and 700mb weaken over the region this evening, the concern is for
    additional thunderstorm development either along the cold front or
    induced by the growing cold pool.

    Given the favorable thermodynamic environment and increasing PWs
    that reach 2.0" east of Houston this evening, the concern is for
    2"/hr rainfall rates that manifest over urbanized environments.
    The 12Z HREF does show low-chance probabilities (10-30%) from the
    Houston suburbs on east into southwest LA this afternoon and
    evening. The vast majority of the expected rainfall over southeast
    TX and southwest LA this afternoon is welcomed (severe and extreme
    drought for many), which is also evident in the 1-hr FFGs that are
    no lower than 2" area wide. That said, the potential for
    slow-moving and repeating rounds of storms, combined with
    anomalous PWs and ample instability aloft, could cause localized
    flash flooding in urbanized settings that contain a greater
    concentration of hydrophobic surfaces. Low-lying areas with poor
    drainage are also susceptible to flash flooding this afternoon.

    Mullinax

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9x_hjSr_ftys34SFugzCvxjT-H0aqr-0ltdAUpbxeqrkiGilLjiBwS_-XpRE3GUtr1g_= A55YawAS8oeq-cWzDYFgzAg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...HGX...LCH...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...ORN...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30589389 30569330 30069327 29629387 29209491=20
    28939574 28839638 28939668 29259658 29709602=20
    30369451=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Apr 20 18:29:02 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 201828
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-210015-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0120
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    227 PM EDT Mon Apr 20 2026

    Areas affected...southern FL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 201825Z - 210015Z

    SUMMARY...Slow moving thunderstorms capable of producing 2 to 3+
    in/hr are expected to impact southern FL over the next 4-6 hours.
    While a large portion of the area affected is covered by swamp,
    there could be impacts to urban areas along the southwest and
    southeastern coast.

    DISCUSSION...18Z surface observations and satellite imagery showed
    a cold front dropping south across Monroe and Miami-Dade counties
    along with sea breeze boundaries along the southwestern and
    southeastern FL coastlines. Visible satellite and radar imagery
    showed the early stages of thunderstorm development with at least
    one developed cell 10-15 miles southwest of Miami. SPC
    mesoanalysis data showed MLCAPE of 1000-1500 J/kg and PWs of 1.5
    to 1.7 inches. Low level flow was from the east to northeast and
    deeper layer mean winds were relatively weak from the WNW.

    Daytime heating and an apparent lack of CIN across southern FL
    will lead to additional rapid thunderstorm development within the
    next 1-2 hours along low level convergence boundaries forced by
    the cold and sea breeze fronts, and later, subsequent convectively
    driven outflow boundaries. Slow movement and brief training of
    these cores are likely to produce heavy rainfall rates of 2 to 3+
    in/hr with the possibility of storm total rainfall in excess of 5
    inches. While the 12Z HREF showed 40 km neighborhood probabilities
    of exceeding 3 to 5 inches of 20-40 percent, the likelihood of
    these higher rates falling over water or swampland is greater than
    that of impacting population centers along the coast. However,
    should these higher rates overlap with the Naples/Macro Island
    region or east-central Miami-Dade County to the upper Keys, urban
    flash flooding will be possible. The flash flood threat is
    expected to end from north to south and likely be over with after
    00Z as the front moves south of the Peninsula.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8AbXtSs2fP1pYZm6Urke5r5CjAgMjCRLCRbGztQ_qt2Cj4zKjJ7W_3kPEsfLCJ4xBv1L= QWbWIlP__ZXdYNaPHGCKEFU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...KEY...MFL...TBW...

    ATTN...RFC...ALR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 26368187 26078093 25858011 25258007 24988041=20
    25138135 25888205=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Apr 20 19:32:33 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 201932
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-210009-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0121
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    331 PM EDT Mon Apr 20 2026

    Areas affected...Central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 201929Z - 210009Z

    Summary...Additional development of efficient, shallow convection
    containing periodic 1.5-2"/hr rainfall rates will maintain the
    threat of scattered flash flooding this afternoon over portions of
    Central TX.

    Discussion...Recent radar mosaic over Central TX depicts an area
    of slow moving and efficient showers and thunderstorms which has
    persisted through the morning and afternoon hours. Over the last
    hour or so, a cell within the broader precipitation shield between
    San Antonio and San Marcos has exhibited an uptick in hourly
    precipitation rates to 1.5-2"/hr, or 0.50-0.63"/15 minutes per
    recent observations, MRMS, and KEWX data. When combined with slow
    cell storm motions estimated at 10 kts, this storm led to a quick
    uptick in CREST Unit Streamflows to 200-600 cfs/smi where a Flash
    Flood Warning was recently issued.

    This activity is occurring downstream of an approaching
    upper-trough and left exit region jet streak in Northern Mexico to
    support broad ascent across the region. At the low levels, an axis
    of modest 850-700 mb layer convergence and WAA is also noted just
    upwind of this activity. ACARS soundings near the heaviest showers
    and thunderstorms suggest a very moist and saturated column from
    the surface to 600 mb and 400-500 J/kg of MUCAPE to support
    efficient collision-coalescence processes in this activity. While
    the instability profile is very shallow, it is somewhat higher
    than what CAMS are initializing with (100-250 J/kg) in this area,
    which could partially explain why the observed rainfall is more
    robust than what is modeled. That said, the RAP does suggest the
    aforementioned low-level forcing will persist through the
    afternoon hours while the upper-trough approaches for the west.
    Thus, the threat of scattered flash flooding will continue through
    the afternoon as new cells with periodic 1.5-2"/hr rates could
    develop and overlap with the area of current heavy rainfall,
    leading to additional totals of 2-3".

    Asherman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6P27gS0htMUt6ruBzVjQGTOBciYb1I84fU-8LYNmHZqsrW2YvQ28M3ERE9FmwAUoPBGt= AyRfqbg7HBFjdj823bTghhI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...HGX...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30409962 30379879 30309766 30009691 29409657=20
    28979693 28989818 29339916 29929974=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 21 00:26:36 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 210026
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-210504-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0122
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    825 PM EDT Mon Apr 20 2026

    Areas affected...Central TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 210024Z - 210504Z

    Summary...Additional thunderstorms are developing over portions of South-Central TX this evening. These cells will maintain the
    threat of flash flooding as they could train and overlap with
    areas of heavy rainfall earlier today.

    Discussion...Radar across South-Central TX depicts a rapid
    expansion in thunderstorm coverage and intensity along the leading
    edge of a shortwave near the Big-Bend of TX. At the same time, an
    axis of persistent shallow convection northeast of San Antonio was
    finally showing signs of weakening after producing 2-4" of
    rainfall this afternoon. This activity was quite impactful earlier
    today, and 1-2"/hr rainfall rates led to at least one report of a
    swift water rescue near Live Oak TX where CREST Unit Streamflows
    eclipsed 900 cfs/smi at times.

    With that in mind, the concern is for additional thunderstorms
    containing 1-1.5"/hr rainfall rates to expand southwest of San
    Antonio, in turn leading to periods of training/repeating near
    areas impacted earlier today. This scenario is supported by recent
    runs of the HRRR (which is an slow but overall has the best handle
    on the situation). Taking into account the timing of the HRRR,
    this suggests the threat of scattered flash flooding should
    persist through 4-5Z tonight. Localized rainfall amounts of 1-2"
    could support additional considerable flash flooding impacts,
    especially if they fall atop the areas of heaviest rainfall today
    (highlighted in red).

    Asherman=20

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-pgGySLa8E2fX8z1a-v1EJ-5dByc4dC3VwIx7_d_Lp_Oyn3qKBs_LqqdACbFnEkn5076= LY9CTpEWQN9KPvCUyWfLKis$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30109900 30009752 29279747 28959854 29129944=20
    29649956=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 21 10:00:38 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 211000
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-211530-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0123
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    559 AM EDT Tue Apr 21 2026

    Areas affected...Triangle of Central Texas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 211000Z - 211530Z

    SUMMARY...Flash flooding risk possible given slow
    moving/back-building warm-advective shallow but efficient showers/thunderstorms. Rates of 1-1.25"/hr are possible with
    localized 2-3" totals.

    DISCUSSION...A very effective dynamic environment is helping to
    draw above normal moisture into a favorable ascent pattern over
    the next few hours across the Triangle of central Texas. GOES-E
    WV suite depicts a decaying MCV across southeast TX along the
    southeast periphery of favorable mid to upper-level divergent
    pattern along the northeast quadrant of a 70kt 3H west to east jet
    along/north of 30N. Combined with NW to SE diffluent pattern from
    500-250mb providing strong divergence for effective convective
    outflow. However, it is also directing strong ageostrophic
    forcing by helping to accelerate the early morning western Gulf
    jet streak fluxing enhanced low level moisture northward into the
    isentropic ascent plane. CIRA LPW along with VWP vectors denote
    core of west Gulf jet is propagating 20-25kts in the core of .8 to
    1" moisture in the surface to 850mb layer. Combine this with the
    axis of 700-500 mid-level moist flow from the subtropical eastern
    Pacific results in combined PW values nearing 1.5" near the best
    isentropic ascent currently through the San Saba River Valley.

    As such, recent 10.3um EIR and RADAR show increasing shallow
    convective activity along the NW to SE oriented DPVA into the best diffluence/divergence region downstream. The only limiting factor
    is the lack of higher theta-E air resulting in a broader unstable
    layer. Currently, it is limited to 100-250 J/kg of MUCAPE but
    only expected to increase toward 500 J/kg toward mid-morning as
    the core of the western Gulf air reaches the area of concern.=20
    Deep layer flux and ascent should allow for solid convergence and
    low level precipitation development likely with smaller droplets
    in warm-cloud process generation. This should allow for increased
    rainfall rates, but without the greater vertical depth, is likely
    to be limited to the 1.25" range at max. Convective cells are
    likely to move toward the northeast, but with continued south to
    southwest low level inflow, propagation vectors should be
    supportive of upstream redevelopment/back-building of the shallow
    cores. This should allow for increased overall duration to
    potentially support highly focused/localized maximum totals of
    2-3" through to afternoon.=20

    Hydrologically, these maximum totals are at the minimum thresholds
    of 1 but more likely 3 hour FFG values in the area, particularly
    along the southwest edge of the area of concern. NASA SPoRT LIS
    0-40cm soil conditions suggest average saturation around 45-55%
    and as such, most rainfall will be beneficial, but an isolated
    incident or two of flash flooding is considered possible given the
    strong dynamics and setup's history.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_I219mon2hUaIT9iZgkore_06USnlzSqH8nUYqkck59CIiG6-YfaYH-y3ycu4YEpwlLD= 4FbM0lDcXhAwB3fCiFCScWs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32539720 32209657 31769628 31419629 31169645=20
    30919666 30589712 30449755 30679836 31159887=20
    31779894 32509834=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 21 15:35:41 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 211535
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-212100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0124
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1133 AM EDT Tue Apr 21 2026

    Areas affected...East central Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 211533Z - 212100Z

    Summary...Slow moving heavy showers and thunderstorms continue to
    develop across eastern portions of central Texas late this
    morning, and are expected to persist going into the early to
    middle afternoon hours. Rainfall rates in excess of an inch per
    hour may lead to additional instances of flooding through 4 pm
    local time.

    Discussion...Regional Doppler radars and GOES-E satellite imagery
    continue to indicate a swath of heavy rainfall with embedded
    convection, centered mainly between San Saba and Columbus, Texas
    late this morning. This is primarily developing as a result of
    enhanced ascent from a 700 mb trough axis and mid-level shortwave
    intersecting moist 20-30 knot 850 mb southerly flow, and this band
    has been maintaining itself over the past few hours with only
    limited latitudinal displacement over the morning hours.

    The latest CAM guidance suggests the potential for scattered QPF
    maxima on the order of 1-3 inches through 21Z, with recent ARW
    runs most impressive with up to 4 inches possible during that
    time. The soils are becoming increasingly saturated and prone to
    additional flooding, with some regions getting 2 to 4 inches in
    just the past 12 hours as depicted in the graphic, and flash flood
    guidance is dropping in response to this. Even though the
    instability parameters are modest and most rainfall rates should
    be 1.5 inches per hour or less, some instances of flash flooding
    will be possible given the duration of the event.

    Hamrick

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6rZMdZryMnN1h6U47HcOTCMKMYBmebTgM_8KHuzizEgtqpQj8aSaafmjYcXXKRj4CWEH= y070S3biTHnSDXrWh992LpM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31399745 31079654 30659580 30219534 29699511=20
    29059518 28879550 28899585 28989632 29229708=20
    29909767 30189812 30509848 30959864 31259830=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 22 20:45:43 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 222045
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-230130-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0125
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    444 PM EDT Wed Apr 22 2026

    Areas affected...central TX to middle/upper TX Coastal Plain

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 222042Z - 230130Z

    Summary...Isolated flash flooding will be possible across portions
    of central TX into the middle and upper TX Coastal Plain through
    the early evening. Localized rainfall rates of 2-3 in/hr (locally
    higher) will be possible which could lead to runoff problems where
    overlap occurs with urban areas or other locations with poor
    drainage, especially given above average rainfall over the past
    few days.

    Discussion...Area radar imagery across southeastern TX at 2015Z
    showed scattered thunderstorms across the middle and upper TX
    Coastal Plain, mainly east of U.S. Hwy 77. SPC mesoanalysis data
    from 20Z showed uninhibited MLCAPE of 1000-2000 J/kg and PWs of
    1.3 to 1.6 inches across the region. The storms were located
    within northwest flow aloft between two vorticity maxima, one over
    the Gulf, south of western LA within a region of effective bulk
    shear between 30-35 kt, and a second vort max over northeastern
    TX. Bulk shear values dropped off significantly to the north and
    low level onshore flow between 925-850 mb of less than 15 kt
    appeared to be limiting organization over land. However, cell
    motions were fairly slow at 5-15 kt and portions of the region
    have picked up 2-4 inches of rain over the past 4 days, higher to
    the west near I-35.

    Therefore, while cells were not very organized, slow movement and
    outflow interactions/mergers could result in hourly rainfall of
    2-3 inches (perhaps locally higher) and localized totals of 2-4
    inches through 01Z. While congealing outflows could result in some
    westward migration of activity toward 00Z, the overall footprint
    of ongoing storms is not expected to change much over the next few
    hours. Isolated higher rainfall maxima could result in flash
    flooding should they overlap with more sensitive ground
    conditions, whether that be an urban location or locally
    hydrologically sensitive area due to recent rainfall.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_3LvrLfgRtViQVo-_a9F6P1Xv6F7kfWFSRPquiOqE_-jVWwsbw2FBSSnmKKdI1qasTBI= rsQcycUFdREyrZbFU_yPA64$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...HGX...LCH...

    ATTN...RFC...FWR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30799449 30649406 30429393 29889416 29389487=20
    28859565 28849669 29109711 29429747 29689764=20
    29999763 30269730 30379683 30509592 30759510=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 23 20:00:37 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 232000
    FFGMPD
    MOZ000-IAZ000-KSZ000-NEZ000-240100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0126
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    359 PM EDT Thu Apr 23 2026

    Areas affected...northeastern KS, southeastern NE, southwestern
    IA, northwestern MO

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 231956Z - 240100Z

    Summary...Isolated instances of flash flooding will be possible
    from northeastern KS into southeastern NE, western IA and
    northwestern MO. Training of thunderstorms will produce hourly
    rainfall of 1-2 in/hr with peak rainfall totals of 2-4 inches
    possible, through 01Z.

    Discussion...1945Z radar imagery showed a broken line of
    thunderstorms extending from south-central MN down to the NE/KS
    border, just ahead of a cold front. A cyclonic swirl was observed
    on visible imagery over northern KS, related to a low to mid-level
    vorticity max located just north of the surface triple point.
    Strong to severe thunderstorms were ongoing in the vicinity of
    Omaha, NE with rapid development noted south of Omaha to the NE/KS
    border. SPC mesoanalysis data from 19Z showed 2000-3000 J/kg
    MLCAPE from western IA into east-central KS ahead of the cold
    front with little to no CIN present.

    While thunderstorm activity to the north over western IA continues
    to grow and expand downstream toward central IA through 00Z, newer
    development to the south is also expected to expand within the
    unstable environment ahead of the front and favorably
    diffluent/divergent jet pattern aloft. A general eastward
    advancement of the line is expected but an inflection or two
    within the line of storms is anticipated, allowing for the
    increased potential for brief training from the NE/IA border down
    into northeastern KS as line orientation matches that of the mean
    steering from from the southwest. Elements of training will be
    capable of 1-2 in/hr rates and there will be isolated potential
    for 2-4 inches through 01Z as the line of thunderstorms advances
    off toward the east.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!77pisuZzS7nVKIjm86sEMRBSU92gf0hG8Jrg_GINe5iPA9dGpBPfqkUmC-wLry78e5nO= Fsv2NO7BvOXPtH-oP3LAvqs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...DMX...EAX...ICT...OAX...TOP...

    ATTN...RFC...KRF...MSR...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41949521 41839435 41249367 39789434 37989595=20
    38109739 38699787 39899740 41119655=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 24 00:29:36 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 240029
    FFGMPD
    MIZ000-WIZ000-ILZ000-MNZ000-IAZ000-240600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0127
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    828 PM EDT Thu Apr 23 2026

    Areas affected...Upper MS Valley into MN Arrowhead/western U.P. of
    MI

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 240027Z - 240600Z

    Summary...Widely scattered instances of flash flooding will be
    possible across northeastern IA/southeastern and northeastern MN
    into WI and the western U.P. of MI over the next 6 hours. Training
    of heavy rain is expected to produce 1-2 in/hr rates with isolated
    totals in the 1 to 3 inch range.

    Discussion...Area radar imagery at 00Z showed an intense squall
    line which extended from north-central IA into northeastern KS,
    tracking slowly toward the east-northeast. Meanwhile, less
    organized convection was noted to the north near western Lake
    Superior into central WI along with additional scattered storms in
    eastern IA. Estimated MLCAPE from 00Z SPC mesoanalysis data showed
    500 to 1500+ J/kg from northeastern IA into the western half of WI
    (highest to the south, ahead of the SQLN). MUCAPE up to 1000 J/kg
    was estimated across the eastern MN Arrowhead, north of a surface
    warm front. Aloft, a 90-100 kt jet streak was captured via GOES
    East DMV over western MN, with diffluent and divergent winds
    within its right-entrance region, likely supporting the recent
    uptick in convective activity over eastern IA.

    Expectations are for the squall line to continue advancing toward
    the ENE, while coverage and intensity increases regarding the
    activity from eastern IA into WI, owing to strengthening jet
    support in the upper levels. However, one limiting factor for
    maintaining convective intensity through the first half of the
    night is the forecast for weakening instability with time and with
    northern extent. On the other hand, portions of the region have
    seen over 300 percent of normal rainfall over the past 2 weeks
    which will contribute to quicker runoff from heavy rain. Lingering
    snow cover in limited northern locations may also contribute to
    excess runoff from added heavy rainfall. Rainfall rates of 1 to 2
    in/hr within areas of training from northeastern IA into
    southeastern MN and portions of western/central WI can be expected
    at times, with storm total rainfall of 1 to 3 inches in a couple
    of locations. These widely scattered instances of heavier rainfall
    could lead to flash flooding within portions of the Upper MS
    Valley through ~06Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6kgfqTSwxWwKfzCXp6PG-UAyu1foOIh4ilYhnayi2dXgpRbpViVpumX8fci7fSoUunxJ= twj7iBcBPU6tjsc2DwGSc9s$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ARX...DLH...DMX...DVN...GRB...MKX...MPX...MQT...

    ATTN...RFC...MSR...NWC...

    LAT...LON 48228962 47748933 45408862 43648935 42109078=20
    41619219 42109326 43829283 45429220 47259153=20
    48209035=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 24 01:11:41 2026
    AWUS01 KWNH 240111
    FFGMPD
    OKZ000-KSZ000-240630-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0128
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    910 PM EDT Thu Apr 23 2026

    Areas affected...southeastern KS, northeastern OK

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 240109Z - 240630Z

    Summary...A focused region of flash flooding is expected to set up
    over portions of southeastern KS into northeastern OK through 06Z.
    Slow movement/training of cells will lead to hourly rainfall of 1
    to 3 inches and storm total rainfall of 2 to 4+ inches over the
    next few hours.

    Discussion...Area radar imagery across the central Plains at 01Z
    showed two intense areas of slow moving convection. First over
    eastern KS, over and just northeast of Wichita and a second area
    over northern OK, bisecting I-35. The northern cluster of storms
    was near the triple point (near ICT) and was associated with an
    outflow boundary which intersected to the west, at the triple
    point. Both areas have been associated with training and resided
    within a very unstable environment with MLCAPE estimated in the
    2500-3500 J/kg range (00Z SPC mesoanalysis and 00Z OKC sounding).
    Fading visible imagery showed cloud streets oriented with the low
    level inflow, south to north, into the northern OK thunderstorms.
    The eastern KS/OK border lay beneath a diffluent upper level jet
    pattern, favorable for increased ascent over the region.

    As the low level jet continues to increase with the diurnal cycle,
    exceeding 50 kt over northeastern OK by 03-04Z (recent RAP
    forecasts), overrunning of the storm-generated cold pools should
    continue to support convective regeneration along the southwestern
    flank of the system with WSW to ENE training, while overall
    southward propagation occurs gradually with time. The low level
    flow is expected to veer by ~06Z which should allow the convective
    cluster to advance eastward away from its current initiation point
    along the dryline. However, up until that happens, locally heavy
    rainfall is expected to support areas of flash flooding with total
    rainfall totals of 2 to 4+ inches likely.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_4IhhlNU2-TD0lf6iOAtxNfWHMxiBhR6ZzQMqDoUwtb1AoqbV-UaP8nALEjLyD8ddVPY= CTr8DwZ8JwE5hBk8Xurdt5A$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ICT...OUN...SGF...TOP...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...TUA...NWC...

    LAT...LON 38339621 38269564 37749511 37399499 36559504=20
    35959602 35739762 35999840 36709810 37739759=20
    38179690=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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